Weathered layer thickness mapping method based on high resolution satellite remote sensing technology
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摘要: 区域尺度风化层厚度是制约民用和军事地质工程施工、陆域军事交通能力重要因素之一。传统方法通常都需要大量的野外踏勘和实地采样，效率较低，在人迹罕至、人不能至的地区无法完成。因此，利用高分辨率遥感技术开展区域尺度风化层厚度制图研究具有非常重要的意义。在野外调查的基础上，利用国产高分二号卫星数据，采用人机交互目视解译方法获取研究区岩性、土地覆盖类型分布图，并基于ASTER GDEM数据获取地形地貌图像；然后，以坡度、岩性、土地覆盖类型为影响因子，基于云模型理论和方法综合评估获取研究区的风化层厚度图，制图结果与野外验证数据吻合度较好，精度可达81.69%。Abstract: The thickness of the weathered layer at the regional scale is one of the important factors that restrict the geological engineering construction, the military capacity of the land, and the underground military construction of the shallow surface. Traditional methods often require extensive field surveys and field sampling, which are inefficient and cannot be completed in areas inaccessible.Therefore, the use of high resolution satellite remote sensing technology to carry out regional scale weathered layer thickness mapping research is very important. Based on the field survey, GF-2 remote sensing data were used to obtain lithology, plant community and land cover type distribution map of the study area, and the topographic map based on ASTER GDEM data was obtained. Then, based on the cloud model theory, the slope, lithology and land cover type are used as influencing factors, and the weathered layer thickness map of the study area is obtained by comprehensive evaluation. The results are in good agreement with field verification data, with the accuracy up to 81.69%.
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表 1 坡度对应的风化层厚度等级评价指标范围
Table 1. Slope degree corresponding weathered layer level evaluation index range
等级 Ⅰ(< 1 m) Ⅱ(1~2 m) Ⅲ(>2 m) 坡度/(°) 2~6.5 2~4 0~2 
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表 2 土地覆盖类型对应的各风化等级隶属度
Table 2. Landing cover types corresponding to each weathered layer level membership degree
土地覆盖类型 等级 Ⅰ(< 1 m) Ⅱ(1~2 m) Ⅲ(>2 m) 耕地 0.5 0.3 0.2 林地 0.15 0.25 0.60 草地 0.5 0.25 0.25 城乡、工矿、居民用地 0.65 0.20 0.15 未利用地 0.650 0.225 0.125
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表 3 岩性对应的各风化等级隶属度
Table 3. Lithology corresponding to weathered layer level membership degree
岩性 等级 Ⅰ(< 1 m) Ⅱ(1~2 m) Ⅲ(>2 m) 灰紫色蚀变安山岩 0.80 0.175 0.025 流纹斑岩 0.55 0.35 0.10 砾石 0.60 0.15 0.25 砂砾石层 0.05 0.30 0.65 细粉砂 0.25 0.15 0.60 花岗岩 0.25 0.35 0.40 砂砾石 0.45 0.20 0.35 斜长角闪片岩 0.625 0.225 0.15 黄绿色沉凝灰岩 0.575 0.325 0.10 花岗闪长岩 0.50 0.35 0.15 紫苏花岗岩 0.20 0.35 0.45 浅紫色流纹岩 0.70 0.20 0.10 中粗砂 0.20 0.15 0.65 细砂 0.25 0.15 0.60
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