中国东部典型裂谷盆地构造活动特征及演化: 以松辽盆地孤店断陷为例

王向东; 王任; 石万忠; 唐大卿; 徐立涛; 冯芊

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0089

中国东部典型裂谷盆地构造活动特征及演化: 以松辽盆地孤店断陷为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0089

王向东^a,,
王任^{a, b, ,},
石万忠^{a, b},
唐大卿^{a, b},
徐立涛^a,
冯芊^a

基金项目:

中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目 CUG200608

详细信息

作者简介:
王向东(1990—)，男，现正攻读资源产业经济学专业博士学位，主要从事油气地质研究工作。E-mail: 492526307@qq.com

通讯作者:
王任(1990—)，男，副教授，主要从事构造-沉积协同分析、常规-非常规储层地质研究工作。E-mail: rwang@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P542.3
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- 文章访问数: 706
- PDF下载量: 71
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-06

Tectonic characteristics and evolution of typical rift basins in eastern China: A case study in the Gudian area, Songliao Basin

Wang Xiangdong^a
,,
Wang Ren^{a, b
, ,},
Shi Wanzhong^{a, b},
Tang Daqing^{a, b},
Xu Litao^a,
Feng Qian^a

摘要

摘要:
孤店断陷为松辽盆地南部深层天然气勘探的有利区带，同时也记录了中国东部中-新生代板块运动和盆地演化的丰富信息。利用钻测井资料及高分辨率三维地震资料，并结合区域构造背景，对孤店断陷的地质结构及构造演化特征进行分析。结果表明孤店断陷在纵向上可以划分为基底构造层、下构造层、中构造层及上构造层。由于受到晚中生代以来太平洋板块向东亚板块的俯冲作用及区域构造应力场的影响，孤店断陷的构造演化过程可以划分为断陷期、断坳转换期、稳定坳陷期及构造反转期。孤店断陷的边界大断层(孤店断层)在断陷初始发育期(火石岭组-沙河子沉积期)表现为6段走向各不相同的小型孤立断层，在断陷晚期(营城组沉积期)经过生长、连接而形成统一的断陷边界，并在断坳转换期(登娄库组-泉头组沉积期)和坳陷期(青山口组-嫩江组沉积期)发生广泛而强烈的张扭活动，以及在构造反转期(嫩江组沉积末期)发生强烈反转和分段差异逆冲活动。研究结果可以为松辽盆地以及中国东部地区的构造活动及演化研究提供参考，并进一步指导油气勘探。
- 构造活动特征 /
- 构造演化 /
- 孤店断陷 /
- 松辽盆地 /
- 裂谷盆地
Abstract:
The Gudian Rift is a favorable area for deep natural gas exploration in the southern Songliao Basin, and it also records rich information on basin evolution and Mesozoic-Cenozoic plate movements in eastern China.By using the well and high-resolution 3D seismic data, combined with regional tectonics, the geological structure and tectonic evolution of the Gudian Rift were investigated.The results show that the Gudian Rift can be vertically divided into basement, lower, middle and upper structure layers.Due to the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath to the East Asian Plate and the changes in the regional tectonic stress field since the Late Mesozoic, the Gudian Rift experienced syn-rift, transition, post rift and tectonic inversion periods.The Gudian fault was initially formed from six fault segments in syn rift period(depositional period of the Huoshiling and Shahezi Formations) and the isolated fault segments with different strikes then grew and connected to a unified boundary fault in the late rifting stage(depositional period of the Yingcheng Formation).Afterwards, extensive and intense transtensional activities occurred during transition(depositional period of the Denglouku and Quantou Formations) and depression periods(depositional period of the Qingshankou, Yaojia and Nenjiang Formations), and strong inversion and segmental thrust activities occurred during inversion period(end of the depositional period of the Nenjiang Formation), respectively.This study provides references for the investigation of tectonic activity and evolution in the Songliao Basin and eastern China, and further guides oil and gas exploration.
- tectonic characteristics /
- tectonic evolution /
- Gudian Rift /
- Songliao Basin /
- rift basin

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图 1 松辽盆地区域构造位置(a)与内部次级断陷单元分布图(b)及孤店断陷井位分布图(c) (据文献[6, 8, 16]修改)

Ⅰ.西部斜坡区；Ⅱ.北部俯冲带；Ⅲ.中部凹陷区；Ⅳ.东北部隆起区；Ⅴ.东南部隆起区

Figure 1. Regional structure locations of the Songliao Basin and adjacent regions (a) and the rift units within the basin (b), and the well distribution within the Gudian Rift (c)

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图 2 松辽盆地简要地层柱状图(据文献[5, 21]修改)

T₂.青山口组底界；T₄.登娄库组底界；T₄¹.营城组底界；T₄².沙河子组底界；Tsh₂.沙河子组二段底界；T₅.火石岭组底界

Figure 2. Simplified stratigraphic column within the Songliao Basin

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图 3 松辽盆地孤店断陷构造-地层划分图(据文献[16]修改)

Figure 3. Map of tectonic and stratigraphic divisions in the Gudian rift, Songliao Basin

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图 4 孤店断陷不同反射界面断裂特征分布图

Figure 4. Fault distribution maps at different seismic reflection surfaces in the Gudian rift

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图 5 横穿孤店断陷的地震剖面及其构造解释图(剖面位置见图 1)

T₂.青山口组底界；T₄.登娄库组底界；T₄¹.营城组底界；T₄².沙河子组底界；Tsh₂.沙河子组二段底界；T₅.火石岭组底界

Figure 5. Interpreted seismic profiles across the Gudian rift

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图 6 孤店断陷火山岩体的地层切片及地震特征(测线Lh)示意图(剖面位置见图 4-a)

Figure 6. Diagrams of stratigraphic slices and seismic characteristics of the volcanic rocks in the Gudian rift

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图 7 孤店断陷边界断裂(孤店断层)两侧基底古落差及倾角变化图(断层倾角数据引自文献[16])

①~⑤为基底古落差和断层倾角异常减小的部位

Figure 7. Paleo-drop of the basement on both sides of the boundary fault(Gudian fault) and the dip angle variations along the fault

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图 8 孤店断陷沉积期断裂发育图

①~⑤为断层连接带区域，对应图 7中的相同数字

Figure 8. Maps of fault development in the Gudian rift during syn depositional periods

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图 9 孤店断陷构造演化阶段划分图

Figure 9. Diagram of the tectonic evolution stages of the Gudian rift

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