鄂尔多斯盆地北部下白垩统铀成矿模式

王龙辉; 剡鹏兵; 焦养泉; 吴立群; 张字龙; 荣辉; 张帆; 李振成; 钟伟辉

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0096

鄂尔多斯盆地北部下白垩统铀成矿模式

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0096

1.
核工业二〇八大队，内蒙古包头 014010
2.
中国地质大学(武汉)，武汉 430074
3.
核工业北京地质研究院，北京 100000

基金项目:

中国核工业部地质局项目“鄂尔多斯盆地北部铀矿资源调查评价与勘查” 201902

详细信息

作者简介:
王龙辉(1988—)，男，工程师，主要从事铀矿地质找矿工作。E-mail：2810635316@qq.com

中图分类号: P619.14
计量
- 文章访问数: 379
- PDF下载量: 310
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-03

Uranium metallogenic model of the Lower Cretaceous in the northern Ordos Basin

1.
CNNC Geologic Party No.208, Baotou Inner Mongolia 014010, China
2.
China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
3.
Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100000, China

摘要

摘要:
自2019年以来，鄂尔多斯盆地北部下白垩统找矿获得重大突破，下白垩统有望成为继中侏罗统之后又一重要的砂岩型铀矿找矿目的层，建立下白垩统的成矿模式能够更好地指导找矿工作。基于前人的区域地质资料和现有的钻探与测试资料，对该区下白垩统铀成矿基本地质特征进行了系统总结，并初步构建了下白垩统的铀成矿模式。研究表明：现有的6种岩石类型可划分为3类地球化学类型，铀矿化主要富集于褐色、褐红色砂岩向绿色砂岩过渡的褐灰色砂岩中，绿色砂岩为先氧化后还原形成；下白垩统的铀成矿类型以层间氧化作用为主、潜水氧化作用为辅，成矿年龄主要为晚白垩世；下白垩统的铀成矿模式为“二次氧化”成矿模式，分为3个期次：一次氧化成矿期、大规模还原期和二次氧化成矿期。研究结果可以为鄂尔多斯盆地新层位的铀矿勘查提供参考。
- 成矿模式 /
- 砂岩型铀矿 /
- 下白垩统 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地北部
Abstract:
Since 2019, major breakthroughs have been made in the prospecting of the Lower Cretaceous sandstone-type uranium deposits in the northern Ordos Basin. The Lower Cretaceous sandstone layer is expected to become another important sandstone-type uranium prospecting target after the Middle Jurassic. Establishing the metallogenic model of the Lower Cretaceous provides a better guide for prospecting work. Based on previous regional geological, drilling cores, and analytical data, the authors systematically summarized the basic geological characteristics of uranium mineralization in the Lower Cretaceous in this area and preliminarily established the uranium metallogenic model of the Lower Cretaceous.The results suggest the six Lower Cretaceous rock types can be divided into three geochemical types. Uranium mineralization mainly occurs in the brown-gray sandstone, which is the transition zone from brown-red sandstone to green sandstone. The green sandstone is formed by oxidation first and then reduction.The metallogenic type is dominated by interlayer oxidation, supplemented by phreatic oxidation in the Late Cretaceous. The Lower Cretaceous "secondary oxidation" uranium metallogenic model can be divided into three stages: first oxidation mineralization stage, large-scale reduction mineralization stage, and second oxidation mineralization stage.These research results can provide a new idea for uranium exploration in new strata of Ordos Basin.
- metallogenic model /
- sandstone-type uranium deposit /
- Lower Cretaceous /
- northern Ordos Basin

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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地东北部区域地质图

Figure 1. Regional geological map of the northeast Ordos Basin

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图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地北部下白垩统铀储层砂体内部的岩石地球化学类型

Figure 2. Geochemical types of Lower Cretaceous uranium reservoir sandstones in the northern Ordos Basin

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图 3 环河组上段砂岩型铀矿含矿剖面图

Figure 3. Geological profile of uranium mineralization in the second Member of the Huanhe Formation

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图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地北部下白垩统环河组工业矿化段测井响应和岩石地球化学类型

Figure 4. Logging characteristics and geochemical types of the industrial mineralized section of the Lower Cretaceous Huanhe Formation in the northern Ordos Basin

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图 5 下白垩统铀储层氧化砂岩中石英和长石表面的褐铁矿化薄膜(单偏光)

Figure 5. Limonitized film on the surface of quartz and feldspar in oxidized sandstone of the Lower Cretaceous uranium reservoir(single polarized light)

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图 6 研究区含矿段中黄铁矿(莓状)与铀矿物(亮灰色)的产出状态(W2020-1-19，井深376.1 m，扫描电镜)

Figure 6. SEM images of occurrences pyrite (framboid) and uranium minerals (bright ash) in the ore-bearing section of the study area(W2020-1-19, 376.1 m, SEM)

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图 7 下白垩统绿色砂岩的宏观与微观特征

a.均质状绿色砂岩，ZKW2020-2(20-2Hyh-87)，井深350.60 m；b.图a的局部放大，正交偏光；c.含碳质碎屑绿色砂岩，ZKW2019-9(19-2Hyh-67)，井深288.20 m；d.图c的局部放大，注意碳质条带，单偏光

Figure 7. Macro and micro characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous green sandstone

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图 8 下白垩统环河组泥岩γ背景值的增高现象(ZKW2020-1)

Figure 8. Increase in the Gamma γ value of mudstones of the Lower Cretaceous Huanhe Formation (ZKW2020-1)

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图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地北部盖层断裂构造分布图

Figure 9. Distribution of caprock faults in the northern Ordos Basin

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图 10 研究区断裂构造及其二次还原作用的岩心记录

a.岩心中的构造擦痕，ZKW2020-1，井深501.30 m，K₁h¹；b.褐色泥砾边缘的后生绿色蚀变现象，ZKW2020-1，井深376.14 m，K₁h²；c.砂岩中褐色泥砾边缘的后生绿色蚀变现象，ZKW2020-5，井深378.80 m，K₁l²；d.动物潜穴的后生绿色蚀变现象，ZKW2020-1，井深230.50 m，K₁h²

Figure 10. Drill core record of fault structure and its secondary reduction in the study area

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图 11 研究区下白垩统绿色砂岩中有机质及流体包裹体(据邱林飞等，2020，未发表)

a, b.绿色细砂岩碎屑颗粒间的有机质荧光响应，ZKW2020-2(E2020-629)，井深157.70m，K₁h²；c.绿色中砂岩中轻质油包裹体及其荧光响应，ZKW2020-1(W2020-1-08)，井深564.00m，K₁h¹；d.褐色粗砂岩中的气态烃包裹体，ZKW2020-3(E2020-635)，井深215.00m，K₁h²；e.绿色中砂岩中沿裂隙分布的富液包裹体和铁氧化物，ZKW2020-3(E2020-706)，井深476.13m，K₁h¹；f.绿色细砂岩中的沥青和富液包裹体，ZKW2020-1(W2020-1-9)，井深583.00m，K₁h¹

Figure 11. Organic matter and fluid inclusions in the Lower Cretaceous green sandstones in the study area

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图 12 ZKW2020-1钻孔铀矿石全岩U-Pb等时线图解(据张字龙，2020，未发表)

Figure 12. Whole rock U-Pb isochron diagram of the ZKW2020-1 borehole uranium ore

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图 13 鄂尔多斯盆地北部下白垩统“二次氧化”成矿模式图

Figure 13. "Second oxidation" metallogenic model of the Lower Cretaceous in the northern Ordos Basin

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表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地北部下白垩统铀储层砂体岩石地球化学类型及环境指标特征

Table 1. Rock geochemical types and environmental index characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous uranium reservoir sanstones in the northern Ordos Basin

岩性	Fe²⁺	Fe³⁺	S_全	S^2-	CO₂	C_有	ΔEh/mV	样品数	氧化-还原属性
岩性	w_B/%						ΔEh/mV	样品数	氧化-还原属性
紫色砂岩	0.719 8	1.711 3	0.019 4	< 0.010 0	0.975 2	0.052 1	9.40	12	氧化
褐红色砂岩	0.724 0	2.052 1	0.023 7	0.047 8	2.426 6	0.083 5	23.39	100
黄绿色砂岩	0.753 7	1.895 0	0.053 3	0.039 2	1.265 2	0.078 6	27.29	24
褐色砂岩	0.994 4	1.491 0	0.032 4	0.025 0	1.484 0	0.059 6	33.00	39
褐灰色砂岩	1.338 5	0.746 5	0.155 1	0.104 1	1.829 3	0.051 6	41.85	38	过渡
绿色砂岩	1.071 2	1.600 6	0.230 9	0.182 4	1.783 5	0.070 9	48.61	158	还原
测试单位：核工业二〇八大队分析测试中心

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