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东昆仑东段中-晚三叠世区域岩浆-热液成矿系统

井国正,  王晓云,  张志强,  何俊江,  张里斌,  王凤林,  刘颜,  石文杰,  谭俊

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文章导航 > 地质科技通报  > 2023 >  42(1): 89-111
井国正, 王晓云, 张志强, 何俊江, 张里斌, 王凤林, 刘颜, 石文杰, 谭俊. 东昆仑东段中-晚三叠世区域岩浆-热液成矿系统[J]. 地质科技通报, 2023, 42(1): 89-111. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0207
引用本文: 井国正, 王晓云, 张志强, 何俊江, 张里斌, 王凤林, 刘颜, 石文杰, 谭俊. 东昆仑东段中-晚三叠世区域岩浆-热液成矿系统[J]. 地质科技通报, 2023, 42(1): 89-111. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0207
shu
Jing Guozheng, Wang Xiaoyun, Zhang Zhiqiang, He Junjiang, Zhang Libin, Wang Fenglin, Liu Yan, Shi Wenjie, Tan Jun. Middle-Late Triassic regional-scale magmatic-hydrothermal metallogenic system in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2023, 42(1): 89-111. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0207
Citation: Jing Guozheng, Wang Xiaoyun, Zhang Zhiqiang, He Junjiang, Zhang Libin, Wang Fenglin, Liu Yan, Shi Wenjie, Tan Jun. Middle-Late Triassic regional-scale magmatic-hydrothermal metallogenic system in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2023, 42(1): 89-111. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0207
shu

东昆仑东段中-晚三叠世区域岩浆-热液成矿系统

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0207
  • 1.

    青海省有色第三地质勘查院, 西宁 810012

  • 2.

    青海省环境地质勘查局, 西宁 810001

  • 3.

    长江大学资源与环境学院, 武汉 430100

  • 4.

    中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院, 武汉 430074

基金项目: 

青海省东昆仑东段金银多金属成矿系列研究与关键勘查技术应用示范项目 青色地[2021]34号

详细信息
    作者简介:

    井国正(1977—  ), 男, 高级工程师, 主要从事矿产勘查及综合研究工作。E-mail: 59592286@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    刘颜(1992—  ), 男, 讲师, 主要从事矿床地球化学、成矿规律与成矿预测研究工作。E-mail: yanliu@cug.edu.cn

    谭俊(1982—  ), 男, 教授, 主要从事成矿规律与成矿预测研究工作。E-mail: tanjun@cug.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P618.4

Middle-Late Triassic regional-scale magmatic-hydrothermal metallogenic system in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun

  • 1.

    The Third Nonferrous Geological Exploration Institute of Qinghai Province, Xining 810012, China

  • 2.

    Qinghai Bureau of Environmental Geology Exploration, Xining 810001, China

  • 3.

    College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China

  • 4.

    School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China

    摘要
  • 摘要:

    东昆仑成矿带在早中生代发生了大规模的成矿作用，形成了一系列脉状金矿床、脉状银铅锌矿床、斑岩型铜钼矿床和矽卡岩型铁多金属矿床，但这些矿床之间的成因联系尚不清楚。东昆仑东段以其多样的矿床类型为这一科学问题的研究提供了理想场所。在总结归纳东昆仑东段主要类型矿床时空分布和地质特征的基础上，通过系统分析各类矿床的成矿时代、成矿构造背景及成矿流体与物质来源，探讨它们之间的成因联系。研究结果显示，东昆仑东段各类矿床主要形成于中-晚三叠世(240~220 Ma)，均是东昆仑古特提斯陆陆碰撞及后碰撞伸展作用的产物。此外，区内及外围东昆北地体中的各类矿床均具有相似的成矿流体与成矿物质来源，且与该时期广泛发育的深部岩浆作用密切相关，共同组成了一个巨型的岩浆-热液成矿系统，不同类型的矿化可能是该岩浆-热液系统不同演化阶段的产物。巴颜喀拉板块深俯冲及板块断离诱发软流圈地幔的上涌及随后的大规模岩浆-流体活动，富含金属挥发分的岩浆热液与上地壳的岩石和流体发生交代和流体混合，最终形成区内巨型的岩浆-热液成矿系统。基于该成矿系统，东昆仑东段具有寻找多类型共生矿床的潜力。

     

    Abstract:

    A large-scale mineralization occurred in the East Kunlun during the Early Mesozoic, forming a series of lode gold, quartz vein-type Ag-Pb-Zn, porphyry Cu-Mo, and skarn Fe polymetallic deposits. However, the genetic link between these deposits is still unclear. The eastern segment of the East Kunlun has diverse types of deposits which provides an excellent opportunity to decipher the genetic link. Here we summarize the geological features and spatial-temporal distribution of the major types of deposits in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun, and discuss their metallogenic ages, tectonic settings, and sources of ore-forming fluids and materials to explore possible genetic links between them. The results show that they were mainly formed in the Middle-Late Triassic (240-220 Ma), controlled by the Paleo-Tethys continental collision and post-collision extension. Additionally, these different types of deposits in the study area and the surrounding Northern East Kunlun Terrane have similar metal and fluid sources. They are closely related to the extensive deep magmatism developed during this period. We suggest that these deposits formed a giant magmatic-hydrothermal metallogenic system, and different mineralization types might be the products of different evolution stage. The deep subduction and break-off of the Bayankura Plate induced the upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle and the subsequent large-scale magmatic-fluid activities. The metal- and volatile-rich hydrothermal fluids extensively interacted with upper crustal rocks and shallow-derived fluids, and formed a regional-scale magmatic-hydrothermal metallogenic system. Based on the metallogenic system, the eastern segment of the East Kunlun has potential for multi-type paragenetic deposit exploration.

     

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  • 图 1  东昆仑造山带大地构造位置(a)及地质矿产简图(b)(a据文献[3]; b据文献[5]修改)

    Figure 1.  Maps showing the tectonic outlines (a) and distribution of ore deposits (b) in the East Kunlun

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    图 2  东昆仑东段地区地质矿产简图

    Figure 2.  Simplified geological map for the eastern segment of the East Kunlun, showing the distribution of typical ore deposits

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    图 3  东昆仑东段果洛龙洼金矿床地质矿产图(a)及典型剖面图(b)(据文献[34]修改)

    Figure 3.  Geological map (a) and representative cross-section (b) of the Guoluolongwa gold deposit, eastern segment of the East Kunlun

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    图 4  东昆仑东段瓦勒尕金矿床地质矿产图(据文献[34]修改)

    Figure 4.  Geological map of the Walega gold deposit, eastern segment of the East Kunlun

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    图 5  东昆仑东段坑得弄舍多金属矿床地质矿产图(据文献[4]修改)

    1.第四系冲洪积物；2.下-中三叠统洪水川组火山角砾岩；3.下-中三叠统洪水川组流纹质凝灰岩；4.上石炭统浩特洛洼组大理岩；5.上石炭统浩特洛洼组灰白色灰岩；6.古元古界金水口群绿泥石绢云母片岩；7.古元古界金水口群片麻岩；8.花岗斑岩；9.富Au矿体及编号；10.富Pb-Zn矿体及编号；11.逆冲断层及编号；12.地层产状

    Figure 5.  Geological map of the Kengdenongshe polymetallic deposit, eastern segment of the East Kunlun

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    图 6  东昆仑东段热水(a)和多龙恰柔(b)铜钼矿床地质矿产简图(图中岩浆岩锆石U-Pb年龄及钼矿体辉钼矿Re-Os年龄据文献[13, 31, 54-55]修改)

    Figure 6.  Geological maps of the Reshui (a) and Duolongqiarou (b) Cu-Mo deposits, eastern segment of the East Kunlun

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    图 7  东昆仑东段双庆矽卡岩型铁多金属矿床典型剖面图(据文献[3]修改)

    Figure 7.  Representative cross-section of the Shuangqing skarn-type iron-polymetallic deposit in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun

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    图 8  东昆仑地区志留纪-泥盆纪A型花岗岩空间分布(据文献[34]修改)

    Figure 8.  Spatial distribution of the Silurian-Devonian A-type granites in the East Kunlun

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    图 9  东昆仑造山带典型矿区印支期岩浆岩分布图(图中岩体年龄据文献[3, 11-15, 19, 22, 26, 31-33, 36-37, 44-45, 49-50, 54-55, 79-108])

    Figure 9.  Distribution of the Indosinian magmatic rocks in typical mining areas of the East Kunlun Orogen

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    图 10  东昆仑东段及外围地区中-晚三叠世成矿作用及地层-构造-岩浆响应(图例同图 2, 图中年龄据文献[3, 11-15, 19, 22, 26-27, 31-34, 36-37, 43-45, 49-51, 54-55, 79-108, 113, 119-127])

    Figure 10.  Middle-Late Triassic mineralization and stratigraphic-tectonic-magmatic response in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun and its periphery

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    图 11  东昆仑东段及外围地区中-晚三叠世典型矿床氢-氧同位素组成(实心点代表研究区数据，空心点代表研究区外围数据, 数据来源据文献[14-15, 18-19, 21-23, 29-30, 34-35, 37, 42-43, 49, 51, 61, 128-147])

    Figure 11.  Hydrogen-oxygen isotopic compositions of typical Middle-Late Triassic deposits in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun and its periphery

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    图 12  东昆仑东段及外围地区中-晚三叠世典型矿床稀有气体同位素组成(数据据文献[17-18, 29])

    Figure 12.  Helium-argon isotopic compositions of typical Middle-Late Triassic deposits in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun and its periphery

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    图 13  东昆仑东段及外围地区中-晚三叠世典型矿床硫同位素组成(数据来源据文献[5, 13-16, 18-19, 21-22, 24-26, 30, 34-35, 37, 44-45, 51, 61, 94, 98, 104, 128-130, 133, 135-137, 140, 143, 145, 148-169])

    Figure 13.  Sulfur isotopic compositions of typical Middle-Late Triassic deposits in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun and its periphery

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    图 14  东昆仑东段及外围地区中-晚三叠世典型矿床铅同位素组成(矿床铅同位素据文献[5, 11, 13-16, 18-19, 21-22, 24-26, 30, 34, 37, 44, 51, 94, 128, 130, 133, 135-137, 140, 143, 145, 148, 151-155, 158, 160-162, 165, 167-169, 176]；碰撞及后碰撞岩浆岩、俯冲阶段弧岩浆岩及古老变质岩铅同位素据文献[30, 34, 37, 128, 137, 148, 158, 177-185]

    Δβ=1 000(β/βm(t)-1), Δγ=1 000(γ/γm(t)-1), 式中，β和γ分别为样品207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb的测定值，βm(t)和γm(t)为时间t的地幔值，地幔值按照μ＝7.8的似单阶段增长线进行计算

    Figure 14.  Lead isotopic compositions of typical Middle-Late Triassic deposits in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun and its periphery

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 15  东昆仑东段中-晚三叠世成矿模式示意图及不同矿床类型间的成因联系

    Figure 15.  Schematic diagram showing the Middle-Late Triassic metallogenic model in the eastern segment of the East Kunlun and the possible genetic links among different types of deposits

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片
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