The newly identified iron oxide-apatite deposit in the Beishan area and its implication for regional metallogeny: a case study of Biyushan deposit, Inner Mongolia
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摘要: 北山地区发育有众多赋存于石炭纪海相火山岩中的铁矿床,其中内蒙古碧玉山铁床是该区典型的这类矿床之一。该矿床地处内蒙古自治区的西北缘,勘查工作程度相对较低,矿床成因研究程度较为薄弱。经过野外及初步的岩相学观察工作,发现碧玉山铁矿床普遍具有磁铁矿-磷灰石的矿物组合。其中磷灰石普遍经历溶解-再沉淀作用而导致内部含有大量细小的独居石包裹体。磁铁矿中普遍发育钛铁矿出溶结构,具有高温的磁铁矿特征。这些特征与区域上发育的具有矽卡岩化及低钛磁铁矿的其它矿床明显不同,而与典型的基鲁纳型铁矿床在矿物组合及磷灰石、磁铁矿矿物学特征等方面非常相似。笔者对该铁矿的地质特征开展初步分析,认为内蒙古北山地区碧玉山铁矿床属于赋存于海相火山岩中的基鲁纳型铁矿床,这对该区基鲁纳型铁矿床的成矿理论及找矿勘查工作具有指导意义。
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关键词:
- 基鲁纳型(铁氧化物-磷灰石型)矿床 /
- 碧玉山铁矿 /
- 磁铁矿 /
- 磷灰石 /
- 矿床成因
Abstract: Numerous iron deposits hosted in Carboniferous marine volcanic rocks have developed in the Beishan Orogenic Belt, eastern Tianshan. Biyushan iron deposit is a typical iron deposit hosted in Carboniferous marine volcanic rocks. This deposit is located at the northwestern margin of Inner Mongolia. Our preliminary work has revealed that iron ores in the Biyushan deposit commonly have the mineral assemblage of magnetite-apatite, with apatite having abundant monazite inclusions due to the dissolution-reprecipitation processes. In addition, magnetite grains commonly have high Ti content with ilmenite exsolution. Thus, the mineral assemblage of iron ores and mineralogical features of apatite and magnetite are similar to the typical Kiruna-type deposits. Based on our preliminary analysis of the geological characteristics, we suggest the Biyushan iron deposit in Inner Mongolia is likely a Kiruna-type iron deposit hosted in submarine volcanic rocks which have not yet been documented before. Therefore, this finding can provide guidance for future exploration of iron oxide-apatite deposits in this region.-
Key words:
- Kiruna (iron oxide-apatite) deposit /
- Biyushan iron deposit /
- magnetite /
- apatite /
- ore genesis
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