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长期静水浸泡对三峡库区滑带土物理-化学-力学性质的影响

张迪 李岚星 胡新丽 牛李飞 王斌 王强

张迪, 李岚星, 胡新丽, 牛李飞, 王斌, 王强. 长期静水浸泡对三峡库区滑带土物理-化学-力学性质的影响[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(5): 281-289. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0041
引用本文: 张迪, 李岚星, 胡新丽, 牛李飞, 王斌, 王强. 长期静水浸泡对三峡库区滑带土物理-化学-力学性质的影响[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(5): 281-289. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0041
Zhang Di, Li Lanxing, Hu Xinli, Niu Lifei, Wang Bin, Wang Qiang. Effect of long-term immersion in static water on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of sliding zone soil in the Three Gorges Reservoir area[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(5): 281-289. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0041
Citation: Zhang Di, Li Lanxing, Hu Xinli, Niu Lifei, Wang Bin, Wang Qiang. Effect of long-term immersion in static water on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of sliding zone soil in the Three Gorges Reservoir area[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(5): 281-289. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0041

长期静水浸泡对三峡库区滑带土物理-化学-力学性质的影响

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0041
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金重点项目 41630643

详细信息
    作者简介:

    张迪(1996-), 男, 现正攻读地质工程专业硕士学位, 主要从事地质灾害分析与防治的研究工作。E-mail: zhangdi@cug.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    胡新丽(1968-), 女, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事岩土工程数值模拟与稳定性评价等方面的研究工作。E-mail: huxinli@cug.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P642.22

Effect of long-term immersion in static water on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of sliding zone soil in the Three Gorges Reservoir area

  • 摘要: 三峡水库蓄水使得库岸大量土体长期处于浸泡状态,导致土体软化从而诱发滑坡失稳。为研究长期浸泡对滑坡土体物理-化学-力学性质的影响,以马家沟滑坡原状滑带土为对象开展了浸泡软化试验,通过比较不同浸泡时间滑带土的粒度分布、界限含水率、化学与矿物成分、剪切特性等特征,探讨了滑带土浸泡软化机理。研究结果表明:浸泡过程中滑带土中Ca2+、Mg2+等离子流失较多,但矿物成分无变化;浸泡后滑带土出现阶段性粒度细化现象,液塑限和塑性指数均随黏粒含量增加而增大;随着浸泡时间增加,滑带土应力应变关系在低法向应力下由强软化型变为弱软化型,在高法向应力下由软化型变为硬化型;滑带土抗剪强度参数随着浸泡时间增加呈指数形式降低,黏聚力c降低程度大于内摩擦角φ。研究成果可以为水库滑坡稳定性评价提供理论依据。

     

  • 图 1  马家沟滑坡全貌图[1]

    Figure 1.  Boundary of the Majiagou landslide

    图 2  马家沟滑坡剖面图[2]

    Figure 2.  Profile of the Majiagou landslide

    图 3  滑带土颗粒级配曲线

    Figure 3.  Particle size distribution curve of sliding zone soil

    图 4  滑带土浸泡软化试验设计

    Figure 4.  Design of immersion softening test for sliding zone soil

    图 5  滑带土静水浸泡

    Figure 5.  Sliding zone soil immersion in static water

    图 6  不同浸泡时间上清液主要阳离子质量浓度

    Figure 6.  Main cationic concentration of supernatant with different durations of immersion

    图 7  不同浸泡时间滑带土粒度分布

    Figure 7.  Particle size distribution of sliding zone soil with different durations of immersion

    图 8  不同浸泡时间滑带土界限含水率

    Figure 8.  Limit moisture content of sliding zone soil with different durations of immersion

    图 9  不同浸泡时间滑带土剪应力-位移曲线

    Figure 9.  Shear stress-displacement curve of sliding zone soil with different durations of immersion

    图 10  不同浸泡时间滑带土抗剪强度包络线

    Figure 10.  Shear strength envelope of sliding zone soil with different durations of immersion

    图 11  滑带土抗剪强度参数衰减模型

    Figure 11.  Attenuation model of shear strength parameters of sliding zone soil

    图 12  长期浸泡滑带土物理-化学-力学性质变化示意图

    Figure 12.  Changes of physical, chemical and mechanical properties of sliding zone soil with long-term immersion

    表  1  滑带土基本物理力学参数

    Table  1.   Physical properties of sliding zone soil

    干密度ρd/(g·cm-3) 天然含水率ω/% 相对密度Gs 塑限ωP/% 液限ωL/%
    1.97 15.42 2.62 16.03 29.76
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同浸泡时间上清液所含阳离子及pH(浸泡时间0 d为去离子水)

    Table  2.   Cationic and pH of supernatant with different durations of immersion

    浸泡时间/d Ag+ Ba2+ Ca2+ K+ Mg2+ Na+ Si pH
    ρB/(mg·L-1) 占比/% ρB/(mg·L-1) 占比/% ρB/(mg·L-1) 占比/% ρB/(mg·L-1) 占比/% ρB/(mg·L-1) 占比/% ρB/(mg·L-1) 占比/% ρB/(mg·L-1) 占比/%
    0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.69 98.12 0.07 1.46 0.02 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.18
    1 0.05 0.33 0.06 0.39 9.62 62.88 0.65 4.25 0.96 6.27 2.27 14.84 1.69 11.05 7.34
    4 0.07 0.24 0.09 0.31 17.00 58.95 1.12 3.88 1.70 5.89 5.89 20.42 2.97 10.30 7.26
    7 0.01 0.04 0.09 0.33 18.78 68.99 0.48 1.76 1.95 7.16 3.74 13.74 2.17 7.97 7.44
    10 0.05 0.14 0.12 0.34 23.81 68.07 0.65 1.86 2.43 6.95 4.92 14.07 3.00 8.58 6.71
    14 0.05 0.13 0.18 0.46 26.35 67.43 0.86 2.20 2.69 6.88 5.56 14.23 3.39 8.67 7.59
    18 0.02 0.05 0.18 0.44 27.53 66.98 1.04 2.53 2.89 7.03 6.05 14.72 3.39 8.25 6.94
    24 0.01 0.02 0.20 0.48 29.08 69.82 0.76 1.82 3.05 7.32 5.59 13.42 2.96 7.11 7.14
    30 0.03 0.07 0.21 0.48 30.22 68.37 0.89 2.01 3.28 7.42 6.10 13.80 3.47 7.85 6.68
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同浸泡时间滑带土矿物成分

    Table  3.   Mineral composition of sliding zone soil with different durations of immersion

    浸泡时间/d 方解石 蒙脱石 绿泥石 伊利石 高岭石 石英 长石
    wB/%
    0 7.41 26.74 5.26 28.32 6.27 13.44 12.56
    1 8.04 26.22 6.84 27.35 6.84 14.89 9.83
    4 5.42 27.76 4.66 28.65 6.75 12.07 14.69
    7 6.91 25.98 5.50 29.63 6.71 16.70 8.57
    10 7.54 25.61 6.08 25.28 5.17 19.98 10.34
    14 5.78 25.08 3.67 27.18 3.67 20.19 14.43
    18 6.25 25.61 8.45 20.20 8.45 20.89 10.14
    24 8.71 27.76 9.00 27.29 3.03 14.92 9.30
    30 8.76 27.92 9.44 26.50 3.05 15.01 9.33
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  地下水水质分析

    Table  4.   Quality analysis of the groundwater

    水类型 离子成分ρB/(mg·L-1) pH 含盐量ρB/
    (mg·L-1)
    Ca2+ Mg+ Na+ K+ Cl- SO42- HCO3-
    地下水 67.22 8.51 7.84 1.85 14.18 3.84 249.57 7.50 360.17
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  化学反应方程式

    Table  5.   Chemical reaction equation

    现象 化学方程式
    胶结物溶解 CaCO3+CO2+H2O→Ca2++HCO3-
    MgCO3+CO2+H2O→Mg2++HCO3-
    离子交换 土粒-Ca2++2Na+→土粒-2Na++Ca2+
    土粒-Ca2++2K+→土粒-2K++Ca2+
    蒙脱石-Ca2++2H+→蒙脱石-2H2++Ca2+
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  不同浸泡时间滑带土抗剪强度参数

    Table  6.   Shear strength parameters of sliding zone soil with different durations of immersion

    浸泡时间/d 黏聚力c/kPa 内摩擦角φ/(°)
    0 75.46 19.34
    1 71.85 18.58
    4 66.28 17.66
    7 59.30 16.44
    10 57.10 15.98
    14 55.45 15.75
    18 54.65 15.71
    24 53.97 15.63
    30 53.66 15.58
    下载: 导出CSV
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