基于不同地质模式下稠油油藏变速驱波及规律实验研究

朱义东; 戴建文; 王亚会; 涂乙; 马肖琳

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0048

基于不同地质模式下稠油油藏变速驱波及规律实验研究

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0048

基金项目:

中海石油(中国) 有限公司深圳分公司科研项目“南海在生产油田挖潜技术研究” YXKY-ZL-SZ201604

详细信息

作者简介:
朱义东(1979—)，男，高级工程师，主要从事油气田开发研究及管理工作。E-mail: zhuyd@cnooc.com.cn

中图分类号: TE135
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-06

Experimental study on sweep pattern of heavy oil reservoirs with variable speed drive based on different geological models

摘要

摘要:
南海东部海相砂岩稠油油藏普遍具有胶结疏松、强底水、隔夹层分布复杂、采出程度低等特点，现有的常规水驱油实验无法准确描述稠油单井波及规律。基于PY油田稠油地质油藏特征，设计了改进的底水平板水驱物理模拟实验，考虑储层韵律、隔夹层发育规模以及提液时机，综合研究单井的波及规律和稠油采出程度。实验结果表明：①均质韵律和正韵律储层发育隔夹层，将原来的底水驱动变为次生边水驱动，发育隔夹层井距越长，对底水锥进抑制作用越强，同时，受重力分异作用，多次控幅提液后，可将下部过渡带、中上部中、小孔喉内以及隔夹层附近的剩余油受效驱替出来，能提高单井波及系数。其中，特高含水期采取4级变速控幅提液后波及系数总体可提高34.1%~54.9%；Z1680均质韵律储层和Z1610正韵律储层通过多次控幅提液，实际日产油提高至提液前2~3倍，生产效果良好。②对于极差为5~10的反韵律储层，顶底部渗透性差异大，易在顶部形成高渗通道，层内隔夹层发育长度和提液方式变化，对波及范围影响不大，Z1640反韵律储层通过多次控幅提液，生产效果变化不明显。研究成果可为不同地质模式稠油油藏产液结构优化以及提液方式制定提供解决方案。
- 南海东部地区 /
- 不同地质模式 /
- 稠油油藏 /
- 隔夹层 /
- 变速驱 /
- 提液方式 /
- 波及规律
Abstract:
The heavy oil reservoirs in marine sandstone in the east of South China Sea are generally characterized by loose cementation, strong bottom water, complex interlayer distribution and low recovery degree.Therefore, the existing conventional water flooding experiments can not accurately describe the sweep law of heavy oil in single wells. Based on the geological characteristics of heavy oil reservoir in the PY oilfield, an improved physical simulation experiment of bottom horizontal plate water flooding is designed.It is applied to comprehensively study the sweep law of single well and the recovery degree of heavy oil, considering reservoir rhythm, interlayer development scale and liquid extraction time. The experimentresults are showed as following.①Interbeds developed in homogeneous rhythm and positive rhythm reservoirs transform the original bottom water drive into secondary edge water drive. The longer the well spacing of interbeds is, the stronger the inhibition of bottom water coning is. In addition, the remaining oil located in the lower transition zone, middle to small pore throat in the middle and upper zones and near the interbeds can be effectively displaced by multiple amplitude controll and fluid extraction due to gravity differentiation.In this case, the single well sweep coefficient can be enhanced. The sweep efficiency can be increased by 34.1%-54.9% after adopting 4-stage variable speed to control amplitude and extract liquid during ultra-high water cut stage. Through multiple amplitude control and liquid extraction in z1680 homogeneous rhythm reservoir and z1610 positive rhythm reservoir, the daily oil production can be increased to 2-3 times of that before liquid extraction, and the production effect is good. ②For the reverse rhythm reservoir with a range of 5-10, the permeability difference between the top and bottom is significant. Thus, it is easy to form a high permeability channel at the top. The development length of interlayer and the change of liquid extraction method have little effect on the sweep range. Through multiple amplitude control and liquid extraction, the production effect of z1640 reverse rhythm reservoir is not obvious. The research results can provide solutions for the optimization of liquid production structure and the formulation of liquid extraction methods in heavy oil reservoirs with different geological models.
- eastern South China Sea /
- different geological models /
- heavy oil reservoir /
- interlayer /
- variable speed drive /
- fluid extraction method /
- sweep pattern

HTML全文

图 1 珠江口盆地PY油田构造位置

Figure 1. Structural location of PY Oilfield in Pearl River Mouth Basin

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图 2 平板实验实物图和示意图

a.填砂后改进平板模型实物图(配方: 0.180 mm(80目)玻璃珠, 10%环氧树脂胶); b.改进平板模型底水流动示意图

Figure 2. Bottom water flow diagram of improved plate model

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图 3 不同隔夹层长度下随注入时间波及系数

Figure 3. Sweep efficiency with injection time for different interlayer lengths

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图 4 驱替结束后不同隔夹层长度提液组合波及系数柱状图

Figure 4. Sweep efficiency histogram of different interbed lengths after displacement

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图 5 驱替结束后不同隔夹层长度提液组合饱和度场图

Figure 5. Saturation field of different interbed lengths after displacement

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图 6 均质韵律储层不发育夹层下原油驱替示意图

Figure 6. Oil displacement under undeveloped interlayer in homogeneous rhythm reservoir

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图 7 不同隔夹层长度下随注入时间波及系数

Figure 7. Sweep efficiency with injection time for different interlayer lengths

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图 8 驱替结束后不同隔夹层长度提液组合波及系数柱状图

Figure 8. Sweep efficiency histogram of different interbed lengths after displacement

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图 9 驱替结束后不同隔夹层长度饱和度场图

Figure 9. Saturation field of different interbed length after displacement

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图 10 反韵律模型相同产液量下采出程度关系图

Figure 10. Relation diagram of recovery degree of reverse rhythm model under the same liquid production

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图 11 1/3井距隔夹层与无隔夹层采出程度差值图

Figure 11. Difference of recovery degree between 1/3 well spacing interlayer and noninterlayer

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表 1 改进的均质韵律底水模型12组物理模拟实验参数

Table 1. 12 groups of physical simulation experimental parameters of improved homogeneous rhythm of bottom water model

样品号	隔夹层发育范围	含水期	提液方式	渗透率/10^-3 μm²	干重/g	湿重/g	孔隙度/%	饱和油/mL
1	无隔夹层	高	一次大幅	5 549	2 985.37	3 172.58	36.71	210
2		高	多次控幅	5 282	2 934.27	3 108.42	34.15	200
3		特高	一次大幅	5 288	3 012.97	3 188.24	34.37	202
4		特高	多次控幅	5 333	2 988.79	3 164.03	34.36	200
5	1/3井距隔夹层	高	一次大幅	5 355	2 861.27	3 041.56	35.35	207
6		高	多次控幅	5 219	2 888.97	3 065.46	34.61	203
7		特高	一次大幅	5 329	2 923.47	3 105.88	35.77	210
8		特高	多次控幅	5 237	3 147.89	3 323.64	34.46	204
9	2/3井距隔夹层	高	一次大幅	5 283	2 943.85	3 127.57	36.02	210
10		高	多次控幅	5 129	2 943.85	3 127.66	36.04	210
11		特高	一次大幅	5 444	3 012.96	3 195.88	35.87	209
12		特高	多次控幅	5 189	3 032.44	3 213.76	35.55	206

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表 2 改进的正韵律底水模型4组物理模拟实验参数

Table 2. Four groups of physical simulation experiment parameters of improved positive rhythm bottom water model

样品号	隔夹层发育范围	含水期	提液措施	渗透率/10^-3 μm²	干重/g	湿重/g	孔隙度/%	饱和油/mL
1	无隔夹层	高	多次控幅	962, 5 327, 10 005	3 015.86	3 222.46	40.51	236
2	无隔夹层	特高	多次控幅	1 066, 5 129, 9 984	3 058.94	3 267.17	40.83	233
3	1/3井距隔夹层	高	多次控幅	986, 5 169, 10 353	3 104.29	3 310.68	40.47	235
4	1/3井距隔夹层	特高	多次控幅	1 025, 5 224, 10 068	3 128.27	3 335.47	40.63	236

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表 3 反韵律储层数值模型网格参数和示意图

Table 3. Grid parameters and schematic diagram of anti rhythm reservoir numerical model

反韵律模型参数				模型示意图
渗透率极差为5		渗透率极差为10
水平渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	5 000, 3 000, 1 000	水平渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	10 000, 5 000, 1 000
垂向渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	2 000, 1 200, 400	垂向渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	4 000, 2 000, 400
孔隙度/%	28, 27, 25	孔隙度/%	31, 28, 25

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表 4 数值模型地质油藏参数

Table 4. Geological reservoir parameters of numerical model

模型	油藏参数	隔夹层范围	提液方式
反韵律极差为5和10	原油黏度：100 mPa·s 水黏度：0.379 6 mPa·s 水相对密度：1.015 k_v/k_h：0.4 孔隙度/%：25~31 原油API重度：28	①无隔夹层 ②1/3井距隔夹层	高含水期一次大幅提液特高含水期多次控幅提液高含水期多次控幅提液

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