基于便携式X射线荧光光谱(PXRF)分析的西南印度洋脊龙角区沉积物地球化学找矿研究

廖时理; 陶春辉; 赵江南; 武泽龙

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0068

基于便携式X射线荧光光谱(PXRF)分析的西南印度洋脊龙角区沉积物地球化学找矿研究

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0068

廖时理^{1, 2,},
陶春辉^2, ,,
赵江南³,
武泽龙^{2, 3}

基金项目:

自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室开放基金项目 KLMMR-2015-B-03

大洋专项“十三五”课题 DY135-R-1-0

国家自然科学基金项目 42006074

详细信息

作者简介:
廖时理(1986—)，副研究员，主要从事海底热液系统研究工作。E-mail：liaosl@sio.org.cn

通讯作者:
陶春辉(1968—)，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事海底热液系统研究工作。E-mail: taochunhuimail@163.com

中图分类号: P599
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-07

Application of PXRF in sediment analysis for geochemical prospecting in Dragon Horn area on the southwestern Indian Ridge

Liao Shili^{1, 2
,},
Tao Chunhui^{2
, ,},
Zhao Jiangnan³,
Wu Zelong^{2, 3}

摘要

摘要:
洋中脊热液活动伴生的多金属硫化物是未来重要的接替资源，但目前其勘查技术手段相对匮乏。便携式X射线荧光光谱(PXRF)是针对野外原位快速分析而发展起来的一项新技术，常被应用于岩石露头地球化学研究和土壤重金属污染评价。采用PXRF对西南印度洋脊龙角区的沉积物开展了化学组成分析，并通过元素的空间分布特征确定热液区可能产出的位置。结果表明，研究区的沉积物可能由钙质沉积物、基岩碎屑、热液组分等组成，部分沉积物具有较高的热液成矿元素含量，明显受到了热液活动的影响。通过面浓度-个数分形方法，确定Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、As等主要成矿元素的异常下限。根据上述元素的空间分布特征，在研究区识别出了6处异常区，其中3处异常区与已知热液区相吻合，另外3处异常区可能代表了未发现的热液活动。上述工作为洋中脊多金属硫化物的勘查提供了新的思路。
- 便携式X射线荧光光谱 /
- 热液活动 /
- 地球化学 /
- 沉积物 /
- 印度洋中脊
Abstract:
Polymetallic sulfides associated with hydrothermal activity near the mid-ocean ridges are importantpotential replacement resources in the future, while their exploration techniques and methods are relatively scarce at present. The Portable X rayFluorescence Spectroscopy(PXRF) is a new technology developed for in situ rapid analysis in field, and it has been applied in outcrops rock geochemical analyzing, and evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution.In this study, we applied PXRF in geochemical composition analyzing of sediments collected from the Dragon Horn area on the Southwest Indian Ridge, to determine possible location of potential hydrothermal actives by the spatial distribution of elements. The results show that sediments in the study area are consist of calcareous sediments, bedrock debris, hydrothermal ore-forming elements, etc.Some samples show relatively high concentrations of hydrothermal ore-forming elements, which are obviously affected by hydrothermal activities. Based on the C-N fractural method, the threshold anomaly of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and As were determined.According to their spatial distribution characteristics of the above elements, six anomalousareas were identifiedin the study area, three of which were consistent with known identified hydrothermal areas, and the other three anomalous areas may represent undiscovered hydrothermal activities.This study provides new strategies for hydrothermal sulfide exploration on mid ocean ridges.
- portable X ray fluorescence spectroscopy /
- hydrothermal activity /
- geochemistry /
- sediment /
- mid ocean ridge of Indian

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图 1 西南印度洋中脊龙角区大地构造背景(a)、采样位置图和热液区及异常的位置(b)(据文献[18]修改)

CIR.中印度洋脊; SWIR.西南印度洋脊; SEIR.东南印度洋脊

Figure 1. Tectonic setting (a) and topography map showing locations of sediment samples collected in Dragon Horn area on the southwest Indian Ridge (b)

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图 2 研究区不同粒度沉积物样品照片

a.电视抓斗沉积物样品; b.0.45~0.9 mm; c.0.28~0.45 mm; e.0.18~0.28 mm; f.0.18~0.145 mm; g.0.071~0.090 mm

Figure 2. Photos of the sediments with various diameters in the study area

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图 3 标样180~646连续测试分析结果(其中Al, Si, P, Ca, Fe, S的单位为%，其余为10^-6)

Figure 3. Continuous analyzing results of the standard sample 180-646

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图 4 龙角区沉积物主要成矿元素的分位数-分位数图

Figure 4. Q-Q diagram of main ore forming elements of sediments from the Dragon Horn area

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图 5 龙角区沉积物地球化学组成聚类分析结果

Figure 5. Cluster analyzing results of the geochemical components of sediments from the Dragon Horn area

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图 6 龙角区沉积物主要成矿元素的分形模式

Figure 6. Fractal patterns of the main ore forming elements of the sediments in Dragon Horn area

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图 7 龙角区沉积物主要成矿元素的空间分布特征

a.Cu; b.Zn; c.Fe; d.Mn; e.As

Figure 7. Spatial distribution features of main ore forming elements of sediments from Dragon Horn area

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表 1 标样180~646连续测试分析统计结果

Table 1. Statistic of continuous analyzing results of the standard sample 180-646

	Cu	Zn	Mn	Mo	As	Zr	Sr	Ti	Al	P	Si	Ca	S	Fe
	×10^-6							%
次数N	68	68	68	68	68	68	68	68	68	68	68	68	68	68
最小值	210	60	391	18	97	370	108	0.421	4.19	1.48	32.36	0.75	0.16	4.06
最大值	238	75	475	23	107	397	115	0.526	4.89	1.98	34.71	1.30	0.18	4.23
平均值	225	67	439	20	102	385	112	0.479	4.60	1.71	33.70	0.97	0.17	4.16
方差	6	3	18	1	2	5	1	0.035	0.19	0.10	0.67	0.14	0.01	0.04
标样值	237	70	490	16	111	385	109	0.484						3.97
误差/%	-5.12	-4.73	-10.51	27.20	-7.81	-0.10	2.83	-1.00						4.82
注：Al、Si、P、Ca、Fe、S的单位为%，其余元素含量单位均为10^-6

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 龙角区沉积物PXRF分析结果统计表

Table 2. Statistics of PXRF analyzing results of the sediment samples from Dragon Horn Area

	Cu	Zn	Pb	As	Ni	Mo	Ti	Fe	Mn	K	Al	Si	Ca
	/×10^-6							/%
最小值	15	14	3	2	24	2	94	0.15	0.013	0.02	0.14	0.64	1.75
最大值	1 202	133	10	14	1032	22	2 005	6.52	2.253	0.58	1.2	19.15	47.15
平均值	84	36	5	4	92	6	453	1.06	0.071	0.16	0.55	3.49	41.18
中位数	46	30	5	4	45	5	365	0.59	0.036	0.16	0.52	3.07	42.95
标准差	155.0	21.0	1.0	2.0	186.0	3.0	344	1.15	0.260	0.08	0.19	2.34	7.41
变异系数	1.8	0.6	0.2	0.5	2.0	0.5	0.8	0.15	0.013	0.5	0.3	0.7	1.75
背景值	18	14	4.7	2.0	14.3	0.4	-	0.38	0.033	-	-	-	-
注：沉积物金属元素背景值据文献[31]

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表 3 龙角区沉积物主要成矿元素的分维值

Table 3. Fractal dimension value of the main ore forming elements of the sediments in the Dragon Horn area

指标	Cu	Zn	Fe	As	Mn
D1	0.25	0.35	0.20	0.19	0.230
D2	1.49	2.62	0.97	2.97	2.450
异常下限	39.80	27.50	0.38	3.00	0.032

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