深孔绳索取心钻进用无固相防塌钻井液试验

朱旭明; 乌效鸣; 郑文龙; 蒋子为; 迪娜·木拉提

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0211

深孔绳索取心钻进用无固相防塌钻井液试验

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0211

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查专项 12120113017600

中国地质调查局项目“松辽盆地资源与环境深部钻探工程” DD20160209

详细信息

作者简介:
朱旭明(1990—)，男，现正攻读地质工程专业博士学位，主要从事钻探工程研究工作。E-mail：zxm@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
乌效鸣(1956—)，男，教授，主要从事钻探工程与钻井液技术的教学与科研工作。E-mail：xmwu0718@163.com

中图分类号: P634.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-20

Experimental study on solid-free anti-sloughing drilling fluid suitable for deep core drilling projects

摘要

摘要: 为应对金刚石绳索取心钻进普遍发生的垮塌、造浆、钻杆内壁结泥皮等问题，完成了基于聚乙烯醇(PVA)为抑制剂的无固相防塌钻井液室内研究。通过泥页岩滚动回收试验、膨润土临界加量试验、泥球浸泡试验以及电动电位测试等对比了常用抑制剂的抑制效果；通过配伍性试验确定了增黏剂及降失水剂的种类和加量；对比了不同种类的污染物对所获配方钻井液综合性能的影响。结果表明，相比于NaCl、KCl等常规无机盐抑制剂，聚乙烯醇具有较强的抑制性，且抑制性与聚合度呈正相关；黄原胶(XC)、磺化褐煤树脂(SPNH)、磺化沥青(FT-1)可用作配制该钻井液的增黏提切剂和降失水剂；该配方钻井液可抗35% NaCl、4% CaCl₂以及12%钙土的污染，能满足110℃温度范围内的使用要求，可在3 000 m深度范围内的强造浆地层、破碎地层、盐膏层等复杂地层中使用。
- 绳索取心 /
- 无固相钻井液 /
- 防塌 /
- 聚乙烯醇 /
- 假塑性
Abstract: To deal with the problems of wellbore collapse, mud making and mud lining in drilling strings, a solid-free anti-collapse drilling fluid with polyvinyl alcohol as inhibitor was developed. The inhibition effect of commonly used inhibitors was studied by shale hot rolling recovery test, critical addition of bentonite test, and mud boulder soaking test. The types and dosage of viscosifiers and water loss reducers were determined by compatibility test, and the influence of different pollutants on the comprehensive properties of the formulated drilling fluid were compared. Experimental results showed that compared with the conventional inorganic salt such as NaCl and KCl, polyvinyl alcohol had a stronger inhibition effect which was positively correlated with polymerization degree. XC, SPNH and FT-1 could be used as viscosifier and water loss reducers to prepare the drilling fluid, respectively. The performance of formula drilling fluid under the pollution of 35%NaCl, 4% CaCl₂ and 12% calcium bentonite can be stable in the temperature of 110 ℃, indicating that the prepared drilling fluid can be used in the strong mud making strata, fractured strata, salt bed and other complex strata in the depth of 3 000 m.
- core drilling /
- solid-free drilling fluid /
- anti-sloughing /
- polyvinyl alcohol /
- pseudoplastic

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图 1 PVA加量对黏度(a)和流型(b)的影响

Figure 1. Influence of PVA addition on viscosity (a) and flow pattern (b)

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图 2 不同抑制剂(a)和#2488牌号PVA加量(b)对回收率的影响

Figure 2. Influence of different inhibitors (a) and #2488 PVA addition (b) on shale recovery rate

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图 3 钙基膨润土加量对表观黏度的影响

Figure 3. Influence of bentonite addition on apparent viscosity

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图 4 膨润土在聚乙烯醇溶液中的分散外观

Figure 4. Pictures of bentonite dispersion in polyvinyl alcohol

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图 5 不同溶液中泥球的外观

Figure 5. Pictures of mud boulder in different solutions

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图 6 抑制剂对膨润土电动电位的影响

Figure 6. Influence of inhibitor addition on the electrokinetic potential of bentonite

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图 7 提黏剂对黏度的影响

Figure 7. Influence of viscosifiers on viscosity

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图 8 XC加量对剪切稀释性的影响

Figure 8. Influence of XC addition on shear-shining behavior

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图 9 不同降失水剂对失水量(a)和黏度(b)的影响

Figure 9. Influence of different water-loss reducers on water loss volume (a) and viscosity (b)

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表 1 污染物对钻井液性能的影响

Table 1. Influence of pollutants on drilling fluid performance

钻井液	加量w_B/%	稠度系数K/(Pa·s n)	流型指数n	切力τ/Pa	失水量/mL
基浆	-	0.21	0.64	0	7.2
基浆+NaCl	5	0.04	0.84	0	5.6
	15	0.11	0.69	0.61	6.8
	25	0.11	0.69	0.61	7.6
	35	0.13	0.68	0.77	7.6
基浆+CaCl₂	0.5	0.13	0.68	0	5.6
	1.0	0.13	0.67	0	6.0
	2.0	0.07	0.77	0.19	6.0
	4.0	0.07	0.77	0.19	6.4
基浆+钙基膨润土	4	0.21	0.67	0.29	8.0
	8	0.31	0.63	0.36	8.8
	12	0.34	0.64	0.53	9.6

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表 2 老化温度对钻井液性能的影响

Table 2. Influence of aging temperature on drilling fluid performance

钻井液	温度/℃	K/(Pa·s n)	n	切力τ/Pa	失水量/mL
基浆	50	0.14	0.68	0.66	7.4
	80	0.12	0.69	0.42	8.4
	110	0.02	0.81	0	8.6
基浆+35% NaCl	50	0.16	0.64	0.68	9.6
	80	0.10	0.69	0.81	11.2
	110	0.13	0.67	0.76	28.0
基浆+4% CaCl₂	50	0.16	0.67	0	5.6
	80	0.15	0.68	0	6.2
	110	0.11	0.71	0	7.2
基浆+12%钙基膨润土	50	0.58	0.53	1.13	7.6
	80	0.28	0.64	0.25	8.8
	110	0.56	0.52	0.19	11.6

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