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利用高压压汞实验研究致密砂岩孔喉结构分形特征

王伟 宋渊娟 黄静 李亚辉 陈朝兵 朱玉双

王伟, 宋渊娟, 黄静, 李亚辉, 陈朝兵, 朱玉双. 利用高压压汞实验研究致密砂岩孔喉结构分形特征[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(4): 22-30, 48. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0402
引用本文: 王伟, 宋渊娟, 黄静, 李亚辉, 陈朝兵, 朱玉双. 利用高压压汞实验研究致密砂岩孔喉结构分形特征[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(4): 22-30, 48. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0402
Wang Wei, Song Yuanjuan, Huang Jing, Li Yahui, Chen Zhaobing, Zhu Yushuang. Fractal characteristics of pore-throat structure in tight sandstones using high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(4): 22-30, 48. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0402
Citation: Wang Wei, Song Yuanjuan, Huang Jing, Li Yahui, Chen Zhaobing, Zhu Yushuang. Fractal characteristics of pore-throat structure in tight sandstones using high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(4): 22-30, 48. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0402

利用高压压汞实验研究致密砂岩孔喉结构分形特征

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0402
基金项目: 

榆林学院高层次人才科研启动基金 18GK22

国家自然科学基金项目 1802140

国家自然科学基金项目 41904128

国家自然科学基金项目 42062011

详细信息
    作者简介:

    王伟(1988-), 男, 讲师, 主要从事油气田开发地质研究工作。E-mail: 283465227@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    朱玉双(1968-), 女, 教授, 主要从事油气田开发地质与油层物理研究工作。E-mail: yshzhu@nwu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P618.13

Fractal characteristics of pore-throat structure in tight sandstones using high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry

  • 摘要: 微观孔喉结构是影响砂岩油藏特征的重要因素,但致密砂岩孔喉复杂,非均质性强,常规测试难以对其进行有效表征,需要利用分形理论对致密砂岩孔喉结构进行深入研究。以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长7段致密砂岩为研究对象,通过高压压汞和分形理论研究了致密砂岩孔喉结构和分形维数特征。讨论了分形曲线转折点与孔喉结构关系,并结合铸体薄片和扫描电镜,分析了孔喉分形特征形成原因。结果表明:致密砂岩分形曲线具有明显转折点。转折点为孔喉分布峰值,代表连通性好的大尺度孔喉向连通性差的小尺度孔喉的转换。致密砂岩小尺度孔喉分形维数平均值为2.24,大尺度孔喉半径分形维数平均值为4.65。大尺度孔喉非均质性明显强于小尺度孔喉。小尺度孔喉分形维数与孔喉结构相关性较好。致密砂岩小尺度孔喉主要为喉道和晶间孔,这部分孔喉连通性差,半径较小,受成岩作用影响微弱,因此分形维数小。致密砂岩大孔喉主要为剩余粒间孔和溶蚀孔隙,该类型孔喉半径较大,受成岩作用改造明显,因此分形维数大。

     

  • 图 1  研究区地质构造及地层特征(研究区构造位置据文献[18]修改;地层柱状图据文献[19]修改)

    Figure 1.  Features of geological structure and lithology in the study area

    图 2  致密砂岩孔隙度和渗透率相关性

    Figure 2.  Relationship between the permeability and porosity of tight sandstones

    图 3  高压压汞进汞曲线(H2井,2 306 m,长7段)

    Figure 3.  Mercury curves of high-pressure porosimetry (Well H2, 2 306 m, Chang 7)

    图 4  致密砂岩孔喉半径分布

    A.单峰型;B.双峰型

    Figure 4.  Pore size distribution of tight sandstones by high-pressure porosimetry

    图 5  致密砂岩分形特征

    Figure 5.  Fractal characteristics of tight sandstone

    图 6  小尺度孔喉分形维数与孔喉结构相关性

    A.小孔喉进汞饱和度;B.中值压力

    Figure 6.  Relationship between fractal dimensions of small pore-throat and pore-throat structure in tight sandstones

    图 7  致密砂岩进汞曲线特征(H2井,2 306 m,长7段)

    Figure 7.  Mercury curve characteristics of tight sandstone samples by high-pressure porosimetry (Well H2, 2 306 m, Chang 7)

    图 8  孔喉结构和渗透率相关性

    Figure 8.  Relationship between pore-throat structure of infection and permeability in tight sandstones

    图 9  转折点压力和门槛压力相关性

    Figure 9.  Relationship between pressure of infection and threshold pressure in tight sandstones

    图 10  致密砂岩孔喉分布曲线与转折点关系

    A.单峰型;B.双峰型

    Figure 10.  Relationship between pore size distribution and infection of tight sandstones

    图 11  长7段致密砂岩微观孔喉结构特征

    A.绿泥石晶间孔,H1井, 2 554 m;B.粒内溶孔,H3井,2 270 m;C.孔隙缩小形成缩颈状喉道,H2井,2 306 m;D.长石溶孔进一步扩大,形成铸模孔,H5井,2 501 m;E.剩余粒间孔和弯片状喉道,H6井,2 404 m;F.半径较大的弯片状喉道和剩余粒间孔,H8井,2 395 m

    Figure 11.  Microscopic characteristics of pore-throat structure in the Chang 7 tight sandstones

    表  1  致密砂岩孔喉结构和分形特征参数

    Table  1.   Pore-throat structure and fractal characteristic parameters of tight sandstone samples

    井号 深度/m 孔隙度/% 渗透率/10-3 μm2 门槛压力/MPa 中值压力/MPa 中值半径/μm 分形维数 转折点 进汞饱和度 孔喉类型
    小孔隙 大孔隙 转折点压力/MPa 转折孔喉/μm 大孔喉/% 小孔喉/% 总进汞/%
    H1 2 554 8.1 0.10 2.91 10.90 0.07 2.25 5.31 7.39 0.10 35.37 54.77 90.14 单峰
    H2 2 306 9.2 0.12 1.81 11.15 0.07 2.21 4.62 7.38 0.10 41.02 43.49 84.51 单峰
    H3 2 270 9.9 0.14 1.81 10.55 0.07 2.21 4.87 7.39 0.10 39.49 46.68 86.17 单峰
    H4 2 170 8.3 0.24 1.14 16.57 0.04 2.29 4.67 4.55 0.16 28.01 59.29 87.30 双峰
    H5 2 501 10.3 0.10 0.46 6.86 0.11 2.20 3.78 4.50 0.16 35.92 49.39 85.31 双峰
    H6 2 404 10.4 0.32 0.72 4.19 0.18 2.22 5.09 1.81 0.41 28.68 61.85 90.53 双峰
    H7 2 620 10.5 0.19 1.17 10.30 0.07 2.26 4.13 4.50 0.16 34.46 57.45 91.91 双峰
    H8 2 395 11.5 0.28 1.16 12.63 0.06 2.27 4.71 4.50 0.16 33.95 56.96 90.91 双峰
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