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面向绿色基础设施体系优化的矿业废弃地再生研究: 以大冶为例

廖启鹏 许红梅 刘欣冉

廖启鹏, 许红梅, 刘欣冉. 面向绿色基础设施体系优化的矿业废弃地再生研究: 以大冶为例[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(4): 214-223. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0415
引用本文: 廖启鹏, 许红梅, 刘欣冉. 面向绿色基础设施体系优化的矿业废弃地再生研究: 以大冶为例[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(4): 214-223. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0415
Liao Qipeng, Xu Hongmei, Liu Xinran. Regeneration of mining wasteland in view of optimization of urban green infrastructure system: A case study of Daye[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(4): 214-223. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0415
Citation: Liao Qipeng, Xu Hongmei, Liu Xinran. Regeneration of mining wasteland in view of optimization of urban green infrastructure system: A case study of Daye[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(4): 214-223. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0415

面向绿色基础设施体系优化的矿业废弃地再生研究: 以大冶为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0415
基金项目: 

国家社会科学基金艺术学项目"设计驱动下的废弃矿区协同再生研究" 19BG133

详细信息
    作者简介:

    廖启鹏(1979-), 男, 副教授, 主要从事景观规划设计的研究工作。E-mail: qpliao@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: X32

Regeneration of mining wasteland in view of optimization of urban green infrastructure system: A case study of Daye

  • 摘要: 完善的绿色基础设施体系在重构矿业城市生态系统,提升矿业城市人居环境品质上作用关键。一方面,经过生态修复后的矿业废弃地是矿业城市绿色基础设施的重要增量,另一方面,以绿色基础设施体系优化为导向的治理是破解当前矿业废弃地治理低效的有效途径。湖北省大冶市是一座典型的资源枯竭型城市,在运用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)方法评价大冶市绿色基础设施的基础上,结合矿业废弃地空间分布,评价其生态潜力,进而提出生态型、生活型和生产型3种矿业废弃地再生的改造方式。研究结果表明:①大冶市生态基底良好,但是景观破碎化严重,连通性弱;②大部分矿业废弃地生态潜力较高,60%的矿业废弃地可以转化为绿色基础设施;③30%的矿业废弃地适合生态型改造、52%的适合生活型改造、18%的适合生产型改造。

     

  • 图 1  大冶市绿色基础设施MSPA分析

    Figure 1.  Analysis on MSPA of green infrastructure in Daye City

    图 2  面积等级划分

    Figure 2.  Area classification

    图 3  原有重要生态源地

    Figure 3.  Original important ecological source areas

    图 4  面向景观连接度优化的矿业废弃地评估

    Figure 4.  Evaluation of mining wasteland oriented to the optimization of landscape connectivity

    图 5  矿业废弃地生态潜力等级分布

    Figure 5.  Distribution of ecological potential of mining wasteland

    图 6  矿业废弃地生态潜力统计

    Figure 6.  Ecological potential statistics of mining wasteland

    图 7  矿业废弃地与建设用地距离

    Figure 7.  Distance between mining wasteland and construction land

    图 8  矿业废弃地与生态源地距离

    Figure 8.  Distance between mining wasteland and ecological source land

    图 9  矿业废弃地改造方式

    Figure 9.  Transformation method of mining wasteland

    图 10  生态型改造

    Figure 10.  Ecotype transformation

    图 11  设计方案

    Figure 11.  Design scheme

    图 12  生活型改造

    Figure 12.  Lifestyle modification

    图 13  设计方案

    Figure 13.  Design scheme

    图 14  生产型改造

    Figure 14.  Productive transformation

    图 15  设计方案

    Figure 15.  Design scheme

    表  1  MSPA的景观类型及生态学含义

    Table  1.   Landscape types and ecological implications of MSPA

    景观类型 生态学含义
    核心区 前景中像元较大的生境斑块,能够提供栖息地和维护生物多样性
    边缘区 核心与外围非绿色景观斑块的过渡地带,具有边缘效应
    孔隙 核心与内部非绿色景观斑块的过渡地带,具有边缘效应
    连接桥 连接不同核心区的狭长区域,代表生态网络中斑块连接的廊道
    环岛 连接同一核心区的内部廊道
    支线 只有一端与边缘、连接桥、环或孔隙相连的区域
    孤岛 彼此不相连的孤立、破碎的小斑块
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  矿业废弃地生态潜力等级划分标准

    Table  2.   Classification criteria for ecological potential of mining wasteland

    评价因子
    景观连接度等级 斑块面积等级 生态潜力等级
    1 1
    2
    3
    4
    2 1
    2
    3
    4
    3 1
    2
    3
    4
    4 1
    2
    3
    4
    注:1~4分别代表景观连接度和斑块面积的等级,值越大景观连接度越高、斑块面积越大; Ⅰ~Ⅳ代表生态潜力的等级,值越大生态潜力越大)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  土地利用的类别及定义

    Table  3.   Category and definition of land use in Daye

    类型 定义
    采矿用地 采矿、采石、砂(砂)田、盐田、砖窑等地面生产用地和尾矿堆
    耕地 水田、旱地、水浇地等
    建设用地 住宅、工业、商业、交通等用地
    林地 乔木林地、竹林地、灌木林地等
    水域 河流、湖泊、水库、坑塘等水面
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  斑块面积统计与等级划分

    Table  4.   Statistics and classification of patoh areas

    面积范围/
    hm2
    斑块数/个 所占比例/% 斑块总面积/hm2 所占比例/% 等级
    0.08~17.39 76 65.52 530.98 18.58 1
    17.40~40.70 23 19.83 622.66 21.79 2
    40.71~70.25 10 8.62 566.21 19.82 3
    70.26~212.53 7 6.03 1137.30 39.81 4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  斑块重要性等级划分及面积统计

    Table  5.   The importance of phaque classification and area statistics

    斑块重要性 斑块数/个 所占比例/% 斑块总面积/hm2 所占比例/% 等级
    0.000 015~0.008 017 38 32.76 307.54 10.76 1
    0.008 018~0.071 435 52 44.83 779.66 27.29 2
    0.071 436~0.697 482 22 18.97 1 140.34 39.91 3
    0.697 483~3.032 285 4 3.45 629.59 22.04 4
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-09-10

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