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库车前陆盆地东部侏罗系逆冲构造变形及应力演化分析

庞菲菲 唐永 宋换新 唐文军

庞菲菲, 唐永, 宋换新, 唐文军. 库车前陆盆地东部侏罗系逆冲构造变形及应力演化分析[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(5): 123-135. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0509
引用本文: 庞菲菲, 唐永, 宋换新, 唐文军. 库车前陆盆地东部侏罗系逆冲构造变形及应力演化分析[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(5): 123-135. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0509
Pang Feifei, Tang Yong, Song Huanxin, Tang Wenjun. Analysis of deformation and stress evolution of thrust structure: A case of Jurassic in east Kuqa Subbasin[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(5): 123-135. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0509
Citation: Pang Feifei, Tang Yong, Song Huanxin, Tang Wenjun. Analysis of deformation and stress evolution of thrust structure: A case of Jurassic in east Kuqa Subbasin[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(5): 123-135. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0509

库车前陆盆地东部侏罗系逆冲构造变形及应力演化分析

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0509
基金项目: 

国家科技重大专项 2016ZX05002-006

湖北省教育厅科学研究计划项目 T201905

详细信息
    作者简介:

    庞菲菲(1994-), 女, 现正攻读地质工程专业硕士学位, 主要从事石油构造方面的研究。E-mail: 164458601@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    唐永(1981-), 男, 讲师, 主要从事石油构造与裂缝预测方面的研究。E-mail: water_0820@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P542

Analysis of deformation and stress evolution of thrust structure: A case of Jurassic in east Kuqa Subbasin

  • 摘要: 逆冲构造是较为常见的构造形式,其由弱到强的变形过程及应力定量分布状态目前还不是很清楚。以库车前陆盆地东部逆冲构造为例,基于构造剖面的解析,将逆冲构造活动分为4个阶段:初始期、发展期、成熟期和改造期,并运用有限元计算分析方法对不同阶段剖面进行了精细数值模拟计算。研究表明:逆冲构造的扩展并不是一个简单线性发展的过程,而是前翼、后翼不断往复迁移推进的历程。简单的逆冲断褶带发育于逆冲构造初始期,应力主要集中在后翼;变形向后翼扩展,转折端范围不断增加对应逆冲构造发展期,应力主要集中于转折端;变形向前翼扩展,前翼范围开始增大对应逆冲构造成熟期,应力主要集中于转折端和前翼靠近转折端区域;后翼掀斜,前翼竖直,前翼前缘大量新的逆冲断层发育对应逆冲构造改造期,应力主要集中于前翼前缘。理清逆冲构造变形过程及应力集中分布范围的差异,可为后期指导裂缝发育部位以及超压异常发育带的预测奠定较好的基础。

     

  • 图 1  库车东北部4条地震剖面的位置图(地层代号对应的地层组名称见图 4)

    Figure 1.  Location map of the four seismic sections in the northeast of Kuqa

    图 2  库车坳陷东部构造剖面图(地层代号对应的地层组名称见图 4)

    Figure 2.  Structural profile of the eastern part of Kuqa Depression

    图 3  库车东部逆冲构造活动发展阶段

    Figure 3.  Development stage of thrust tectonic activity in eastern Kuqa

    图 4  模型界面及力学层归并与处理

    Figure 4.  Merging and processing of model interface and mechanical layers

    图 5  库车坳陷东部区域(227K线)有限元分析网格化模型

    Figure 5.  Finite element analysis grid model in the eastern area of Kuqa Depression (Line 227K)

    图 6  逆冲构造应力场数值模拟

    Figure 6.  Numerical simulation of the stress field of the thrust structure

    图 7  应力高值区和变形扩展的迁移

    Figure 7.  Migration of high stress areas and deformation expansion

    表  1  逆冲构造差异变形分析

    Table  1.   Differential deformation analysis of thrust structure

    区域 期次 变形模式 复杂程度 滑脱分层 应力方位 垂直隆升量/km 水平缩短量/km
    东部 多期 继承性基底冲断 单-基底冲断,以隆升为主 北北东-南南西 3~5 8.8
    中部 一期 简单性基底冲断 盐构造影响大,浅层变形复杂化 北北西-南南东 4~7 13.5
    西部 一期 多层次、被改造和复杂化 浅层横向缩短量大,变形强烈 北北西-南南东 >10 21.7
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  库车坳陷力学物理模型材料参数值

    Table  2.   Material parameter value of mechanical and physical model in Kuqa Depression

    层位 密度/(g·cm-3) 杨氏模量/GPa 泊松比
    岩盐发育 岩盐不发育
    Q1x 施加重力
    N2k 2.10 15 15 0.26
    N1k 2.20 20 20 0.25
    N1j 2.16 5 20 0.42
    E2-3s 2.21 20 20 0.30
    E1-2km 2.01 6 21 0.35
    K 2.34 25 25 0.23
    J2k 2.36 30 30 0.25
    J1y 2.13 6 6 0.41
    J1a 2.38 34 34 0.24
    Pre-J1a 2.48 39 39 0.25
    断裂带 2.00 8 8 0.32
    注:数据主要来自西南石油大学岩石力学实验室三轴应力实验,结合岩层的厚度和岩性的组合加以类比修正;地层代号见图 4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  库车坳陷东部区域构造模型边界条件的选择

    Table  3.   Selection of boundary conditions for the structural model in the eastern part of the Kuqa Depression

    时期 方案 垂直x轴的面 垂直y轴的面 备注
    x正方向 x负方向 y正方向 y负方向
    N2k→Q 施加向x负方向的位移量,y方向约束 全约束 自由 x方向自由
    y方向约束
    经过试算,方案Ⅴ结果最佳,后面所有的计算均按方案Ⅴ进行计算。由于是二维平面模型,无z方向上的边界条件
    施加向x负方向的位移量 y方向自由
    x方向约束
    自由 x方向自由y方向约束
    施加向x负方向的位移量, y方向约束 y方向自由
    x方向约束
    施加沿y负方向的应力 x方向自由y方向约束
    施加向x负方向的位移量 全约束 施加沿y负方向的应力 x方向自由y方向约束
    施加向x负方向的梯度位移量 全约束 施加沿y负方向的梯度应力 x方向自由y方向约束
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  逆冲构造不同阶段表现形式分析

    Table  4.   Analysis of the manifestation of the thrust structure at different stages

    逆冲构造不同阶段 侏罗系阿合组(众数) 应力集中区域 变形方式
    应力/MPa 缩短量/% 隆升量/10-4
    南翼 转折端 北翼
    初始期 8~29.21 25.16~50.37 49~54 5.97 1.3~4.13 北翼 隆升
    发展期 18.88~32.16 67.63~71.7 24.48~46.96 8.24 2.223~4.837 转折端 后展
    成熟期 64.76~87.13 86.59~91.89 23.5~61.1 10.55 2.11~5.826 南翼 前展
    改造期 144.54~153.39 6.72~40.60 15.2~57.4 17.61 35.2~71.8 前缘 前展
    下载: 导出CSV
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