东非裂谷Turkana坳陷新生代构造演化及动力学

王亮; 赵红岩; 邱春光; 邹耀遥; 郑晨宇; 杨超群; 沈传波

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0512

东非裂谷Turkana坳陷新生代构造演化及动力学

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0512

王亮^{1a, 1b, 2,},
赵红岩³,
邱春光³,
邹耀遥^{1a, 1b},
郑晨宇^{1a, 1b},
杨超群^{1a, 1b},
沈传波^{1a, 1b, ,}

基金项目:

十三五国家科技重大专项子课题 2017ZX05032-002-004

详细信息

作者简介:
王亮(1983-), 男, 现正攻读矿产普查与勘探专业博士学位, 主要从事油气勘探地质相关方面研究工作。E-mai: 183026979@qq.com

通讯作者:
沈传波(1979-), 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事构造-成藏年代学方面的研究工作。E-mail: cugshen@126.com

中图分类号: P618.4
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- 文章访问数: 719
- PDF下载量: 337
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-13

Cenozoic tectonic evolution and dynamics of Turkana Depression, East African Rift

Wang Liang^{1a, 1b, 2
,},
Zhao Hongyan³,
Qiu Chunguang³,
Zou Yaoyao^{1a, 1b},
Zheng Chenyu^{1a, 1b},
Yang Chaoqun^{1a, 1b},
Shen Chuanbo^{1a, 1b
, ,}

摘要

摘要: 作为威尔逊旋回萌芽阶段的典型陆内裂谷，东非裂谷是研究板块构造运动学和动力学的天然场所。新生代东非裂谷东支Turkana坳陷受前寒武系基底先存构造及中生代裂谷活动的影响，分析其演化及动力学机制，对进一步深入认识大陆裂谷演化过程具有重要的意义。基于低温热年代学、钻井及野外露头资料，结合地震资料解释和断层活动性分析，重新厘定了Turkana坳陷新生代裂谷演化时序，将新生代裂谷演化过程分为4个阶段，裂谷演化具有"南早北晚，先宽后窄，向东迁移"的特点。通过探讨裂谷发育的成因模式，认为新生代裂谷演化整体上受控于先存构造和地幔柱的联合作用，地幔活动迁移影响着火山及裂谷活动的迁移，并导致了裂谷发育模式和动力学机制的变化。
- 东非裂谷 /
- Turkana坳陷 /
- 断层活动 /
- 裂谷演化 /
- 板块构造
Abstract: As a typical continental rift at the embryonic stage of the Wilson cycle, the East African Rift System (EARS) is a natural place for studying plate tectonic kinematics and dynamics. The Turkana area of the EARS is of special interest science, which has been influenced by pre-existing fabrics and Mesozoic rift activities. The evolution of EARS has important significance for understanding and perfecting the evolution process of continental rifts. Based on the collected low-temperature thermochronometer study results, drilling and field outcrop data, combined with seismic data, through comprehensive analysis of rift activity time and fault activity rate analysis, this study redefined the rift evolution sequence in Turkana area, and the Cenozoic rift activity in the study area can be divided into four stages of evolution. The characteristics of the evolution of the study area are summarized as follows: early stage rift began in the south and later stage in the north, first wide rift and later narrow rift, moving to the eastward. The rift evolution is generally controlled by the combined action of pre-existing fabrics and mantle plume activity. The migration of mantle activities not only affects the migration of volcanoes and rift activities, but also may change the development pattern.
- East African Rift System (EARS) /
- Turkana Depression /
- fault activity rate /
- rift evolution /
- plate tectonic

HTML全文

图 1 Turkana坳陷区域位置及凹陷分布图(据文献[3-6]修改)

a.东非裂谷地貌及裂谷分布图; b.Turkana坳陷地壳厚度图; c.Turkana坳陷新生代裂谷各凹陷分布图; d. 新生代裂谷形成时间简图

Figure 1. Regional location and sag distribution of Turkana Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 Turkana坳陷平面结构及典型凹陷骨干剖面结构类型示意图

Figure 2. Plane structure and structural type of typical section in Turkana Depression

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图 3 Turkana坳陷断层分布图(a)、主要裂谷段边界断层活动时间厘定的热年代学分析图(b)和主要断层活动速率统计图(c)

图中红色圆点表示断层活动速率计算点, 其中S1代表South Lokichar凹陷断点1；K1代表Kerio凹陷断点1; Tu1代表Turkana凹陷断点1；NL1代表North Lokichar凹陷断点1;CB1代表Chew Bahir凹陷断点1

Figure 3. Distribution of faults in Turkana Depression(a), thermochronological analysis diagram for determining the time of fault activity at the boundary of main rift segments(b) and statistical diagram of main fault activity rate(c)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 Turkana坳陷裂谷演化示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of rift evolution in Turkana Depression

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图 5 Turkana坳陷裂谷演化模式图

Figure 5. Evolution model of rifting in Turkana Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 Turkana坳陷地幔活动对火山及裂谷活动影响示意图^[39]

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of influence of mantle activity on volcanic and rift activities in Turkana Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 Turkana坳陷主要凹陷地层充填层序

Table 1. Stratigraphic filling sequence of main sags in Turkana Depression

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