New discovery and prospecting prospect of sandstone type uranium deposits in Duolun Intermountain Basin, Inner Mongolia
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摘要: 核工业二〇八大队在内蒙古东南部中生代火山岩区多伦山间盆地首次发现了砂岩型工业铀矿化。为了揭示其铀矿化类型、铀成矿条件、成矿作用及找矿前景，在盆地内开展了野外地质、微观特征、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学及矿化规律等方面的研究，并讨论了新发现的砂岩型铀矿化特征及成矿条件。认为多伦盆地中生代强烈的火山活动与基底塌陷为含铀建造的形成提供了良好的构造环境，广泛分布的酸性火山岩提供了充足的铀源，目的层砂体疏松透水、厚度适中（约40 m），利于含氧含铀水的持续渗入，且具有完整的氧化还原分带性，利于铀成矿。根据已有勘查成果，结合盆地演化及区域山间盆地的广泛分布，认为多伦山间盆地具有较好的铀找矿前景，深部可能存在富厚矿体，下一步铀矿勘查应重视多伦古河道两侧的边滩沉积。Abstract: This paper reports the first discovery of sandstone type industrial uranium mineralization in the Duolun Intermountain Basin in the Mesozoic volcanic rock area of Southeast Inner Mongolia by No.208 Geological Party, CNNC.In order to understand the type of uranium mineralization, uranium metallogenic conditions, mineralization and prospecting prospects, the field geological phenomena, microscopic characteristics, petrology, mineralogy, geochemistry and mineralization patterns were studied in the basin.This paper discusses the characteristics and metallogenic conditions of the newly discovered sandstone type uranium mineralization.The strong Mesozoic volcanic activity and basement subsidence in Duolun Basin provided a good tectonic environment for the formation of uranium bearing formations.The widely distributed acidic volcanic rocks provide abundant uranium sources.The sand body of the target layer is loose and permeable, with moderate thickness (about 40 m), which is conducive to the continuous infiltration of oxygen-containing and uranium-containing water, and has complete oxidation-reduction zoning.All these are favorable for uranium mineralization.According to the existing exploration results, combined with the basin evolution and the wide distribution of regional Intermountain Basins, it is considered that the Duolun Intermountain Basin has a good prospecting prospect for uranium, and there may be rich and thick ore bodies in the deep.In the next step of uranium exploration, attention should be paid to the lacustrine deposits and beach deposits on both sides of the Duolun ancient river.
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图 3 沙坑地段含砾粗砂岩钙质胶结(a)和长石被溶蚀交代(b)镜下特征(红线为长石碎屑颗粒轮廓)
Figure 3. Microscopic characteristics of calcareous cementation (a) and feldspar dissolution metasomatism (b) of gravel bearing coarse sandstone in Shakeng area
图 5 沙坑地段ZKSK1钻孔地质剖面图
1.白音高老组；2.细砂岩；3.粗砂岩；4.含砾粗砂岩；5.砾岩；6.灰岩；7.古风化壳；8.流纹质晶屑熔结凝灰岩；9.氧化带；10.还原带；11.隔水层；12.铀矿体；13.氧化前锋线；14.定量γ测井曲线；15.砂岩型铀异常点及编号；16.钻孔位置及编号
Figure 5. Geological profile of ZKSK1 borehole in Shakeng area
图 7 研究区砂岩型铀成矿作用示意图
Figure 7. Schematic diagram of sandstone type uranium mineralization in the study area
图 8 多伦山间盆地沉积区分布图
Figure 8. Distribution of sedimentary area in Duolun Intermountain Basin
Table 1. Uranium and thorium contents of surface rocks in Duolun volcanic basin
盆地 结构 地层 主要岩性 样品/件 w(U)/10-6 w(Th)/10-6 Th/U 多伦火山盆地 基底 P1s2 凝灰岩、安山岩、砂岩 6 2.2 12.0 6.4 P1s1 岩屑晶屑凝灰岩 3 1.1 18.7 17.0 Ar3 片麻岩、变粒岩、片岩 4 1.2 15.0 12.5 盖层 K1m 粗安岩、安山岩 22 2.0 10.5 5.3 K1y 凝灰岩、凝灰质砂岩 11 4.8 20.6 4.3 K1b 岩屑凝灰岩、熔结凝灰岩 40 4.3 26.0 6.0 K1mk 钾质流纹岩、粗面岩 77 3.7 21.5 5.8 注: P1s2/P1s1.下二叠统三面井组二段/一段；Ar3.新太古界；K1m.下白垩统梅勒图组；K1y.下白垩统义县组；K1b.下白垩统白音高老组；K1mk.下白垩统满克头鄂博组 
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表 2 沙坑地段钻孔中目的层含砾粗砂岩铀镭钍钾分析结果
Table 2. Analysis results of U, Ra, Th and K in target layer sandstone of borehole in Shakeng area
序号 样品编号 w(U)/10-6 w(Ra)/10-11 w(Th)/10-6 w(K)/% Th/U 样品编号 w(U)/10-6 w(Ra)/10-11 w(Th)/10-6 w(K)/% Th/U 1 ZK-1 109 2.808 19.7 1.54 0.18 ZK-19 90 3.870 23.9 2.47 0.27 2 ZK-2 146 4.412 21.6 1.74 0.15 ZK-20 229 6.194 23.8 2.44 0.10 3 ZK-3 246 6.378 16.9 0.99 0.07 ZK-21 376 6.444 21.6 2.29 0.06 4 ZK-4 224 5.924 12.7 0.63 0.06 ZK-22 92 3.094 20.3 2.34 0.22 5 ZK-5 270 7.059 14.3 0.87 0.05 ZK-23 51 1.789 20.4 2.69 0.40 6 ZK-6 163 5.908 18.1 1.27 0.11 ZK-24 288 9.744 14.6 2.23 0.05 7 ZK-7 246 7.836 16.0 1.09 0.07 ZK-25 138 5.899 29.2 2.53 0.21 8 ZK-8 179 5.853 13.6 0.63 0.08 ZK-26 82 2.571 12.5 0.85 0.15 9 ZK-9 178 5.321 13.1 0.82 0.07 ZK-27 101 3.100 18.0 1.66 0.18 10 ZK-10 140 3.746 19.4 1.62 0.14 ZK-28 116 3.744 16.1 1.10 0.14 11 ZK-11 125 5.301 20.3 1.99 0.16 ZK-29 63 1.819 26.3 2.00 0.42 12 ZK-12 197 5.308 12.1 0.99 0.06 ZK-30 103 3.659 13.0 0.97 0.13 13 ZK-13 101 4.431 14.0 1.22 0.14 ZK-31 70 2.381 17.0 1.25 0.24 14 ZK-14 126 3.550 21.9 1.97 0.17 ZK-32 90 3.205 19.9 1.25 0.22 15 ZK-15 88 2.988 23.2 2.00 0.26 ZK-33 98 3.039 14.2 1.18 0.14 16 ZK-16 53 1.346 20.4 2.43 0.38 ZK-34 67 1.743 22.0 1.98 0.33 17 ZK-17 137 3.644 22.8 2.60 0.17 ZK-35 98 3.264 12.7 0.56 0.13 18 ZK-18 247 6.568 20.8 2.56 0.08 注: 数据由包头市分析测试中心使用高纯锗多道γ能谱仪(GMX50P4-83)运用高纯锗多道γ能谱法测定
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表 3 沙坑地段钻孔中目的层砂岩主量元素分析结果
Table 3. Analysis results of major elements in target layer sandstone of borehole in Shakeng area
wB/% 样品编号 ZK-1 ZK-2 ZK-8 ZK-21 ZK-24 ZK-26 ZK-33 SiO2 43.51 50.13 32.76 71.46 71.88 36.16 41.11 FeO 0.69 0.67 0.66 1.09 0.77 0.27 0.99 TFe2O3 1.70 1.52 1.28 1.38 1.00 1.03 1.17 Al2O3 10.59 12.86 7.85 13.99 12.89 7.62 8.77 TiO2 0.20 0.20 0.11 0.19 0.22 0.13 0.15 MnO 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.05 CaO 19.69 13.20 28.23 2.10 2.71 26.92 22.21 MgO 0.88 0.95 0.69 0.51 0.46 0.67 0.68 P2O5 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.07 K2O 1.88 2.12 0.88 2.62 2.46 1.05 1.26 Na2O 0.64 0.69 0.25 0.92 0.99 0.41 0.43 烧失量 20.63 17.39 27.59 6.64 6.52 25.12 23.29 总计 99.85 99.18 99.78 99.88 99.23 99.16 99.17 注: 数据由包头市分析测试中心使用X荧光光谱分析仪(AxiosPW4400)运用X荧光光谱分析法测定
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