海南岛北部种植园土壤中多环芳烃的质量分数、来源及生态风险

杨剑洲; 龚晶晶; 马生明; 赵锦华; 王振亮; 苏磊; 胡树起; 唐世新

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0626

海南岛北部种植园土壤中多环芳烃的质量分数、来源及生态风险

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0626

杨剑洲^{1, 2,},
龚晶晶^{1, 2, ,},
马生明^{1, 2},
赵锦华³,
王振亮^{1, 2},
苏磊^{1, 2},
胡树起^{1, 2},
唐世新^{1, 2}

基金项目:

自然资源部中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20190305

详细信息

作者简介:
杨剑洲(1990-), 男, 工程师, 主要从事生态地球化学方面的研究工作。E-mail: yjianzhou@mail.cgs.gov.cn

通讯作者:
龚晶晶(1989-), 男, 工程师, 主要从事生态地质研究工作。E-mail: gjingjing@mail.cgs.gov.cn

中图分类号: X53
计量
- 文章访问数: 960
- PDF下载量: 193
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-05

Contents, sources and ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soils of plantations in northern Hainan Island

Yang Jianzhou^{1, 2
,},
Gong Jingjing^{1, 2
, ,},
Ma Shengming^{1, 2},
Zhao Jinhua³,
Wang Zhenliang^{1, 2},
Su Lei^{1, 2},
Hu Shuqi^{1, 2},
Tang Shixin^{1, 2}

摘要

摘要: 海南岛是我国主要的热带农作物种植基地，对海南岛种植园土壤污染物评估具有重要意义。对海南岛北部种植园土壤中的16种多环芳烃（PAHs）质量分数、来源及生态风险进行评估。使用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对咖啡、香蕉、山药、甘蔗、橙子、百香果和石榴种植园中100件表层土壤样品进行PAHs质量分数测定。结果表明，研究区种植园土壤平均∑₁₆PAHs为37.6 ng/g，低于我国土壤背景值和荷兰无污染土壤限值（< 200 ng/g）。三环、四环和五环PAHs为主要组成成分，分别占据∑₁₆PAHs质量分数的25.8%，26.8%和23.5%。源识别显示，种植园内PAHs主要来自机动车尾气排放，部分来自石油产品的泄露及煤和生物质的低温燃烧。生态风险评价结果显示，等效毒性当量∑₁₆BaP_eq低于国家标准，表明土壤中PAHs污染物水平处于可接受范围。
- 多环芳烃 /
- 种植园 /
- 土壤 /
- 源识别 /
- 生态风险
Abstract: Hainan Island is the main planting base of tropical plants in China.Evaluating the level of soil pollution in this area has a great significance.In this study, we assessed the contamination levels, sources and ecological risk of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soils of northern Hainan Island.A total of 100 surface soil samples were collected from plantations (coffee, banana, yam, sugarcane, orange, passion fruit and guava) and analyzed for PAHs concentration using gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS).The average of ∑₁₆PAHs from plantation soil was 37.6 ng/g, which was below the background of national soil and the no pollution limit of 200 ng/g determined by Netherlands.Three-, four- and five-ring PAHs were dominant components, accounting for 25.8%, 26.8% and 23.5% of the total PAHs, respectively.Source analysis suggested that PAHs of soil in these plantations were mainly derived from the exhaust gas of locomotives and partially from oil spill as well as low temperature combustion of coal and biomass.In ecological risk assessment, the benzo(a) pyrene equivalent concentration (∑₁₆BaP_eq) presented a much lower level than the guideline values announced by Chinese Environmental Protection Agency, demonstrating that the PAHs contamination level in solis was acceptable.
- PAHs /
- plantation /
- soil /
- source analysis /
- ecological risk

HTML全文

图 1 采样点分布

Figure 1. Location of sampling points

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图 2 种植园土壤中PAHs环数分布

Figure 2. Ring distribution of PAHs in soil of plantations

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图 3 土壤PAHs多特征比值

Figure 3. Concentration ratios of PAHs in the soil samples

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图 4 种植园土壤中PAHs的因子载荷

Figure 4. Factor loading diagram of PAHs in the soil samples

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表 1 种植园表层土壤中PAHs浓度和∑₁₆BaPeq毒性浓度

Table 1. Concentrations of ∑₁₆BaPeq and PAHs in surface soil of various plantations

组分	百香果园(n=10)		福橙园(n=32)		甘蔗园(n=5)		咖啡园(n=12)		番石榴园(n=12)		山药园(n=19)		香蕉园(n=10)		种植园(n=100)		TEF
	范围	平均值	范围	平均值	范围	平均值	范围	平均值	范围	平均值	范围	平均值	范围	平均值	范围	平均值
	w_B/(ng·g^-1)
Nap	n.d.~3.1	1.6	1.1 ~5.5	2.8	1.8 ~3.4	2.7	n.d.~5.3	4.1	n.d.~6.8	4.9	0.9 ~3.0	2.1	0.9 ~3.4	1.8	n.d.~6.8	2.8	0.001
Ane	0.7 ~0.8	0.8	n.d.~1.7	0.8	0.8 ~1.0	0.9	n.d.~3.0	2.0	0.8 ~1.2	0.9	0.7 ~2.6	1.2	n.d.~1.1	0.9	n.d.~3	1.0	0.001
Any	0.3 ~0.5	0.4	n.d.~0.7	0.5	n.d.~0.5	0.4	2.5 ~3.0	2.7	n.d.~0.6	0.5	0.3 ~0.7	0.4	0.3 ~1.9	1.3	n.d.~3	0.9	0.001
Flo	1.4 ~3.4	2.0	0.7 ~2.0	1.3	1.8 ~7.7	3.3	2.8 ~3.9	3.4	1.6 ~2.3	1.9	1.0 ~4.9	2.1	1.4 ~4.2	2.5	0.7~7.7	2.1	0.001
Phe	5.1 ~10.8	8.0	2.0 ~7.5	3.9	9.3 ~14.2	12.2	n.d.~10.4	9.5	3.2 ~23.6	7.8	1.9 ~9.6	5.0	n.d.~8.3	5.8	n.d.~23.6	6.2	0.001
Ant	0.8 ~4.2	2.0	n.d.~4.9	1.1	1.3 ~4.7	2.1	n.d.~10.0	6.6	n.d.~1.1	0.5	n.d.~2.3	0.8	n.d.~7.1	2.6	n.d.~10	1.6	0.010
Fla	1.2 ~5.8	3.1	0.4 ~14.5	2.5	5.3 ~10.4	7.6	4.4 ~6.5	5.4	1.2 ~17.2	6.6	0.4 ~5.0	1.8	1.1 ~3.9	2.8	0.4~17.2	3.5	0.001
Pyr	0.5 ~2.3	1.3	0.3 ~10.7	1.6	2.0 ~5.3	3.1	4.0 ~5.7	4.6	0.7 ~3.9	2.0	0.2 ~2.1	0.8	0.6 ~2.7	2.1	0.2~10.7	2.0	0.001
BaA	0.3 ~0.7	0.5	n.d.~6.9	1.4	0.4 ~1.0	0.7	9.1 ~9.7	9.4	0.5 ~2.2	1.1	0.3 ~1.2	0.5	0.4 ~4.8	3.5	n.d.~9.7	2.2	0.100
Chry	0.9 ~3.3	2.0	n.d.~10.9	2.4	2.5 ~5.1	3.7	1.6 ~7.1	2.6	1.7 ~7.1	4.3	0.3 ~4.6	1.8	0.9 ~3.0	1.6	n.d.~10.9	2.5	0.010
BbF	1.2 ~2.8	2.0	n.d.~9.4	3.0	2.3 ~3.7	2.8	6.9 ~16.7	8.5	2.1 ~6.4	4.1	1.1 ~5.1	2.5	1.2 ~4.4	3.4	n.d.~16.7	3.6	0.100
BkF	0.6 ~1.5	1.1	n.d.~6.8	2.0	1.2 ~2.1	1.8	6.6 ~11.6	7.6	1.4 ~4.7	2.7	0.5 ~3.5	1.5	0.5 ~4.0	3.0	n.d.~11.6	2.7	0.100
BghiP	1.5 ~1.9	1.7	1.0 ~4.1	1.9	1.6 ~2.0	1.8	n.d.~8.4	5.4	1.8 ~3.5	2.2	1.5 ~2.6	1.9	1.6 ~2.6	2.3	n.d.~8.4	2.4	0.010
InP	2.3 ~2.8	2.5	2.4 ~5.3	3.1	2.4 ~2.7	2.6	8.4 ~13.2	9.3	2.6 ~4.9	3.3	2.4 ~3.5	2.8	2.4 ~4.6	3.8	2.3~13.2	3.8	0.100
DaA	n.d.	-	n.d.~3.8	-	n.d.	-	n.d.	-	n.d.	-	n.d.~3.2	-	n.d.	-	n.d.~3.8	-	1.000
BaP	n.d.~1.6	1.5	n.d.~6.5	2.2	1.4 ~1.5	1.5	n.d.~8.8	8.1	1.5 ~2.7	1.8	n.d.~2.0	1.6	1.4 ~4.2	3.3	n.d.~8.8	2.8	1.000
∑₁₆PAHs	18.7 ~39.4	29.8	7.0 ~89.4	28.3	38.3 ~54.8	47.0	52.4 ~97.5	79.1	24.5 ~80.3	44.5	12.2 ~43.1	25.7	17.4 ~46.2	37.2	7.0~97.5	37.6	-
∑₇BaPeq	0.5~2.3	1.8	0~12.0	3.0	2.1~2.5	2.3	2.3~~14.0	10.9	2.2~4.0	3.0	0.2~6.0	2.4	1.9~6.0	4.7
∑₁₆BaPeq	0.5~2.4	1.9	0.01~12.1	3.0	2.2~2.6	2.4	2.4~14.1	11.0	2.3~4.6	3.0	0.2~6.1	2.4	1.9~6.0	4.7	0.01~14.1	3.900
注：n为样本量；n.d.表示低于检出限

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