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基于无人机成像点云的禄丰恐龙谷南缘环状地貌空间特征探测实验分析

高莎 袁希平 甘淑 杨明龙 胡琳 罗为东

高莎, 袁希平, 甘淑, 杨明龙, 胡琳, 罗为东. 基于无人机成像点云的禄丰恐龙谷南缘环状地貌空间特征探测实验分析[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(6): 283-292. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0628
引用本文: 高莎, 袁希平, 甘淑, 杨明龙, 胡琳, 罗为东. 基于无人机成像点云的禄丰恐龙谷南缘环状地貌空间特征探测实验分析[J]. 地质科技通报, 2021, 40(6): 283-292. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0628
Gao Sha, Yuan Xiping, Gan Shu, Yang Minglong, Hu Lin, Luo Weidong. Experimental analysis of spatial feature detection of the ring geomorphology at the south edge of Lufeng Dinosaur Valley based on UAV imaging point cloud[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(6): 283-292. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0628
Citation: Gao Sha, Yuan Xiping, Gan Shu, Yang Minglong, Hu Lin, Luo Weidong. Experimental analysis of spatial feature detection of the ring geomorphology at the south edge of Lufeng Dinosaur Valley based on UAV imaging point cloud[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2021, 40(6): 283-292. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0628

基于无人机成像点云的禄丰恐龙谷南缘环状地貌空间特征探测实验分析

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2021.0628
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 41861054

详细信息
    作者简介:

    高莎(1993-), 女, 现正攻读测绘科学与技术专业博士学位, 主要从事遥感技术应用的研究工作。E-mail: 2441689096@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    甘淑(1964-), 女, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事资源环境管理及3S技术应用领域研究工作。E-mail: gs@kust.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: X83

Experimental analysis of spatial feature detection of the ring geomorphology at the south edge of Lufeng Dinosaur Valley based on UAV imaging point cloud

  • 摘要: 为了定量获取复杂地貌构造的特征参数,需要获取高精度、高分辨率的地形地貌数据。在复杂地貌特征探测中,基于无人机航测结合成像点云,可以快速、高效、安全、准确地完成复杂地貌空间探测任务。针对禄丰恐龙谷南缘环状地貌的典型局地场景,采用无人机测量技术获取测区高分辨率的地貌影像数据,构建实景三维场景模型并对其地貌特征进行探测分析研究。试验结果表明:①基于无人机成像点云构建0.2 m分辨率DEM数据能够精准表达研究区真实地貌特征。②通过构建环状场景"内-中-外"7条典型高程剖面线,对比分析证实了研究区地形呈现环形"盆缘"形态特征,内外两侧高程逐渐递减,并且"盆缘"外部剖面高程起伏变化剧烈,地形相较于内部地貌更加复杂。③为进一步探测提取微形地貌特征信息,利用无人机成像原理构建的精准DEM数据结合测区实景三维模型,定量提取了该区坡度、坡向、相对高差、等值线、山脊线、山谷线等相关参数进行精准定量测量及分析探讨。④利用立体三维模型的多视角目视解译与典型场景分析,可清楚辨别出测区冲沟发育以及地质体的节理层理面等微地貌特征。通过以上对地貌三维场景探测试验研究表明,利用实景三维模型能够快速准确呈现测区地貌形态特征,并且成像点云数据综合分析,能够量化、半量化揭示区域构造地质信息。总体而言,无人机测量技术与成像点云3D产品在地质调查中的应用具有实用意义,并具备独特的技术优势。

     

  • 图 1  研究区域位置图

    Figure 1.  Location map of the study area

    图 2  航线规划图

    Figure 2.  Route planning diagram

    图 3  特征匹配步骤

    Figure 3.  Feature matching steps

    图 4  代入控制点的绝对定向

    Figure 4.  Absolute orientation of control points

    图 5  基于影像数据的多维数字产品构建

    Figure 5.  Construction of multi-dimensional digital products based on image data

    图 6  DSM地面点与DEM模型

    Figure 6.  DSM ground points and DEM model

    图 7  随机点高程差值折线图

    Figure 7.  Line chart of elevation difference of random points

    图 8  三维立体模型构建

    Figure 8.  3D model construction

    图 9  基于多视角的测区三维模型

    a.测区三维模型俯视图; b.测区三维模型仰视图; c.测区三维模型左侧图; d.测区三维模型右侧图

    Figure 9.  3d model of survey area based on multiple perspectives

    图 10  测区相对高差分布图

    Figure 10.  Distribution of relative height difference in the survey area

    图 11  测区剖面位置示意图

    Figure 11.  Schematic diagram of the profile position of the survey area

    图 12  环形山地边缘外圈高程剖面图

    Figure 12.  Elevation profile of outer ring of ring mountain edge

    图 13  环形山地边缘外圈高程剖面图与对应三维模型图

    Figure 13.  Elevation profile of outer ring of ring mountain edge and corresponding 3D model diagram

    图 14  测区坡度变化示意图

    Figure 14.  Schematic diagram of slope change in the survey area

    图 15  测区环形山地坡向变化(a)及山谷山脊提取(b)示意图

    Figure 15.  Schematic diagrams of slope aspect change (a) and extraction of ridge and valley (b) in the survey area

    表  1  比例尺精度

    Table  1.   Scale accuracy

    比例尺 1∶500 1∶1 000 1∶2 000 1∶5 000 1∶10 000
    比例尺精度 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.50 1.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  坡度面积占比统计

    Table  2.   Statistics of proportion of slope area

    坡度等级 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 合计
    坡度/(°) [0, 9) [9, 15) [15, 21) [21, 27) [27, 33) [33, 40) [40, 49) [49, 61) [61, 89]
    面积/m2 22 996.76 3 475.49 1 571.04 872.84 568.52 437.76 330.08 219.64 134.84 30 606.97
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  坡向面积占比统计

    Table  3.   Statistics of slope area proportion

    坡向分类 阴坡 半阴坡 阳坡 半阳坡 阴坡
    坡向/(°) [0, 45) [45, 135) [135, 225) [225, 315) [315, 360)
    面积占比/% 16.5 32 27.5 14 10
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-01-05

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