青海天峻新关角隧道涌排水水源识别与量化分析

青海天峻新关角隧道涌排水水源识别与量化分析

Identification and quantitative analysis of groundwater discharged from New Guanjiao Tunnel in Tianjun, Qinghai

留言板

青海天峻新关角隧道涌排水水源识别与量化分析

Identification and quantitative analysis of groundwater discharged from New Guanjiao Tunnel in Tianjun, Qinghai

留言板

青海天峻新关角隧道涌排水水源识别与量化分析

Identification and quantitative analysis of groundwater discharged from New Guanjiao Tunnel in Tianjun, Qinghai

目录

目录

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0026

计量

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0026

计量

计量

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0026

计量

出版历程

计量

出版历程

作者简介:
彭红明(1985-), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要从事水文地质工程地质环境地质调查研究相关工作。E-mail: hmpeng1985@163.com

作者简介:
彭红明(1985-), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要从事水文地质工程地质环境地质调查研究相关工作。E-mail: hmpeng1985@163.com

作者简介: 彭红明(1985-), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要从事水文地质工程地质环境地质调查研究相关工作。E-mail: hmpeng1985@163.com

作者简介:
彭红明(1985-), 男, 正高级工程师, 主要从事水文地质工程地质环境地质调查研究相关工作。E-mail: hmpeng1985@163.com

彭红明; 袁有靖; 李铜邦; 董高峰; 刘毅; 巴瑞寿

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0026

彭红明^{1, 2,},
袁有靖^{1, 2},
李铜邦^{1, 2},
董高峰^{1, 2},
刘毅^{1, 2},
巴瑞寿^{1, 2}

基金项目:

青海省地质勘查基金项目青国土资矿[2014]26

青海省环境地质重点实验室科技项目 2021-KJ-005

详细信息

中图分类号: P641
计量
- 文章访问数: 562
- PDF下载量: 35
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-18
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-02

Peng Hongming^{1, 2
,},
Yuan Youjin^{1, 2},
Li Tongbang^{1, 2},
Dong Gaofeng^{1, 2},
Liu Yi^{1, 2},
Ba Ruishou^{1, 2}

摘要

摘要: 涌排水严重影响隧道施工与运行安全，查明隧道涌排水的来源，是隧道防水止水重要科学依据。青海天峻新关角隧道南北洞口处的地下水排水量分别为10 021，60 877 m³/d，两者存在近50 000 m³/d的差异，涌排水量大，且来源不明。基于水文地质条件分析，分别采集了新关角隧道隧址区内大气降水、不同类型地下水和隧道出口涌排水水化学和氢氧稳定同位素样品。样品测试结果显示：新关角隧道北出口涌排水ρ（TDS）为0.44 g/L，²H和¹⁸O均值为-52.7‰，-8.3‰；南出口涌排水ρ（TDS）为0.85 g/L，²H和¹⁸O均值为-54.8‰，-8.5‰，隧址区基岩裂隙水ρ（TDS）为0.32~1.22 g/L，²H和¹⁸O均值为-55.77‰，-8.61‰；岩溶水ρ（TDS）为0.28~0.43 g/L，²H和¹⁸O均值为-50.92‰，-8.13‰，冻结层上水ρ（TDS）为0.26~0.48 g/L，²H和¹⁸O均值为-45.5‰，-7.6‰。对比分析认为：新关角隧道北出口涌排水主要来源于岩溶水，岩溶水占比为63%~80%，基岩裂隙水占20%~37%；新关角隧道南出口涌排水主要源于基岩裂隙水，基岩裂隙水占72%~88%，岩溶水占比12%~28%。涌水来源识别与水量，可为后期监测站点优化设置及隧道运行期止水工程实施提供科学依据。
- 水化学 /
- 氢氧同位素 /
- 混合比 /
- 涌排水来源 /
- 新关角隧道
Abstract: Water inflow and drainage is one of the main factors affecting tunnel construction and safe operation.Finding out the source of groundwater inflow and drainage in tunnel is an important scientific basis for tunnel waterproof and water stop.The problem of water inflow and drainage of New Guanjiao Tunnel in Tianjun is serious.The groundwater discharge at the north outlet reaches 10 021 m³/d and the South outlet reaches 60 877 m³/d.There is a difference of nearly 50 000 m³/d in groundwater drainage.In order to find out the source of water inflow and drainage of Guanjiao tunnel and the reason for the great difference between the north and south water volume, we collecte the hydrogeochemical samples of the main groundwater and tunnel drainage in the tunnel based on the hydrogeological conditions.The results show that: the TDS of the drainage water at the north side of the tunnel is 0.44 g/L and the average hydrogen and oxygen isotopes are -52.7‰ and -8.3‰; TDS of the southern tunnel drainage is 0.85 g/L and the isotopes is -54.8‰ and -8.5‰; TDS of the crevice water is 0.32-1.22 g/L and the isotopes are -55.77‰ and -8.61‰; TDS of the karst water is 0.28-0.43 g/L and the isotopes are -50.92‰ and -8.13‰; TDS of the superpermafrost water is 0.26-0.48 g/L and the isotopes are -45.5‰ and -7.6‰.The main drainage of the north tunnel comes from karst water, the karst water accounts for 63%-80%, the crevice water accounts for 20%-37%;The main drainage of the south tunnel comes from crevice water, the karst water accounts for 12%-28%, the crevice water accounts for 72%-88%.The identification of water inflow source and water quantity can provide a scientific basis for the optimal setting and the implementation of water stop project during tunnel operation.
- hydrogeochemistry /
- hydrogen and oxygen isotope /
- mixing ratio /
- source of drainage /
- New Guanjiao Tunnel

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图 1 研究区影像图

Figure 1. Image map of the study area

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图 2 研究区地质构造图

Figure 2. Geological structure map of the study area

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图 3 研究区水文地质图及采样点分布图

Figure 3. Hydrogeological map and sampling point distribution map of the study area

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图 4 研究区水化学分区图

Figure 4. Hydrochemical zoning map of the study area

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图 5 研究区不同水体Piper三线图

Figure 5. Piper diagram of different water bodies in the study area

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图 6 研究区不同水体Gibbs图

Figure 6. Gibbs diagram of different water bodies in the study area

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图 7 研究区δD-δ¹⁸O线性关系拟合图

Figure 7. δD-δ¹⁸O linear relationship fitting diagram of the study area

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图 8 研究区不同类型水体δD-δ¹⁸O关系图

Figure 8. δD-δ¹⁸O relationship diagram of different types of water bodies in the study area

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图 9 新隧道地下水排泄示意图

Figure 9. Diagram of groundwater discharge of new tunnel

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图 10 老隧道地下水排泄示意图

Figure 10. Diagram of groundwater discharge of old tunnel

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图 11 隧址区北部地下水及隧道排水主要离子特征

Figure 11. Main ion characteristics of groundwater and tunnel drainage in the north

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图 12 隧址区南部地下水及隧道排水主要离子特征

Figure 12. Main ion characteristics of groundwater and tunnel drainage in the south

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表 1 研究区部分采样点水化学特征

Table 1. Hydrochemical characteristics of main sampling points in the study area

点号		Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Na⁺	HCO₃^-	SO₄^2-	Cl^-	ρ(TDS)/(g·L^-1)	水化学类型	含水层岩性与地下水类型
点号		ρ_B/(mg·L^-1)						ρ(TDS)/(g·L^-1)	水化学类型	含水层岩性与地下水类型
TJ142	分水岭北	116.2	63.2	86	402.7	228.1	134.7	0.83	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg·Na	T_1-2xh粉砂质板岩	基岩裂隙水
ZK1		80.2	35.2	44.5	355.6	110.5	46.1	0.49	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg	T_1-2xh粉砂质板岩
TJ62		74.15	12.15	42.33	268.5	28.82	35.45	0.32	HCO₃-Ca	Sb₂变质粉砂岩
TJ121		102.2	40.1	54.8	311.2	175.3	70.9	0.6	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg	T_1-2xh粉砂质板岩
TJ134		152.3	66.8	65.9	463.8	232.9	124.1	0.87	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg	T_1-2xh粉砂质板岩
TJ171		86.2	37.7	123.2	445.4	91.3	124.1	0.69	HCO₃·Cl-Na·Ca	N₂a砾岩	孔隙裂隙水
TJ23		68.1	3.6	18	158.7	67.2	21.3	0.26	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca	T_1-2j¹结晶灰岩	冻结层上水
TJ34		58.1	3.6	35	158.7	81.7	21.3	0.28	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Na
TJ85		92.2	4.9	23	207.5	91.3	24.8	0.34	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca
TJ149		88.2	9.7	14	164.8	117.7	21.3	0.34	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca
TJ5	分水岭北	76.2	10.9	10.3	201.4	57.6	21.3	0.28	HCO₃-Ca	T_1-2j¹结晶灰岩	碳酸盐裂隙岩溶水
TJ49		108.2	6.1	11.5	292.9	43.2	24.8	0.34	HCO₃-Ca
ZK2		90.18	30.38	17.5	268.5	60.04	63.81	0.4	HCO₃-Ca·Mg
ZK3		62.12	14.58	72	219.7	129.7	35.45	0.43	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Na
TJ242	分水岭南	100.1	42.1	60	320.1	172.5	68.5	0.6	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg	Cg^c石英砂岩	基岩裂隙水
二郎洞		188.6	102.5	61.5	395.4	551.4	99.6	1.22	SO₄·HCO₃-Ca·Mg	Cpt变质岩	基岩裂隙水
TJ201		82.16	23.09	21.67	207.5	132.1	24.82	0.39	HCO₃-Ca	P₁b结晶灰岩	裂隙岩溶水
TJ217		108.2	18.2	24	183.1	187.3	31.9	0.47	SO₄·HCO₃-Ca	P₁b结晶灰岩	裂隙岩溶水
TJ246		92.2	9.7	52.8	128.1	235.3	21.3	0.48	SO₄·HCO₃-Ca·Na	Cpt变砂岩	冻结层上水
TJ271		72.1	6.1	67	97.6	254.6	14.2	0.47	SO₄-Ca·Na	Cpt变砂岩
老隧道北		98.0	25.1	19	295.1	48	53.2	0.39	HCO₃-Ca·Mg	隧道排水
新隧道北		80.6	20.5	40	210.5	151	38.5	0.44	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca
老隧道南口		84.5	27.5	40	287.6	120.1	40.8	0.46	HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg
新隧道南口		131.5	57.7	75.95	335	350	70	0.85	SO₄·HCO₃-Ca·Mg

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表 2 研究区同位素组成特征

Table 2. Isotopic composition of the study area

取样位置或样品编号	分析项目			备注	取样位置或样品编号	分析项目			备注
取样位置或样品编号	δD/‰	δ¹⁸O/‰	³H/TU(ΔTU)	备注	取样位置或样品编号	δD/‰	δ¹⁸O/‰	³H/TU(ΔTU)	备注
关角绞合木	-13	-3.9		雨水	TJ142	-54.5	-8.2	9.6(1.0)	基岩裂隙水
新隧道北口	-52.7	-8.3	11.3(3.5)	隧道排水	ZK1	-55.6	-8.74	8.4(0.3)
新隧道南口	-54.8	-8.5	10(1.1)		TJ260	-57.2	-8.9	9.2(1.0)
老隧道北口	-52.4	-8.3	11.6(1.2)		TJ5	-47.4	-7.7	14.1(1.2)	裂隙岩溶水
老隧道南口	-52.1	-8.2	12(0.8)		TJ143	-51.6	-7.9	14.9(1.5)
TJ34	-43.1	-7.4	17.1(1.3)	冻结层上水	TJ79	-51.2	-8.2	11.6(1.2)
TJ64	-38.6	-6.5	16.9(1.0)		ZK2	-52.6	-8.43	9.5(1.0)
TJ217	-53.7	-8.4	12.7(0.8)		ZK3-1	-51.42	-8.25	11.5(1.1)
TJ271	-46.6	-8.1	11(0.8)		ZK3-2	-51.27	-8.31	12.6(1.3)

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表 3 隧址区地下水及隧道排水主要离子及元素测试结果

Table 3. Average content of main ions and elements in groundwater and tunnel drainage

地貌单元	地下水类型或位置	ρ(TDS)/(g·L^-1)	γCl^-/γHCO₃^-	γMg²⁺/γCa²⁺	δD/‰	δ¹⁸O/‰	³H/Tu
分水岭北	岩溶水	0.370	0.287	0.361	-50.92	-8.13	12.37
	基岩裂隙水	0.637	0.421	0.664	-55.77	-8.61	9.07
	老隧道北口	0.390	0.310	0.425	-52.4	-8.3	11.6
	新隧道北口	0.440	0.314	0.424	-52.7	-8.3	11.3
分水岭南	岩溶水	0.390	0.206	0.468	-50.92	-8.13	12.37
	基岩裂隙水	0.910	0.404	0.835	-55.77	-8.61	9.07
	老隧道南口	0.460	0.244	0.542	-52.1	-8.2	12
	新隧道南口	0.850	0.359	0.731	-54.8	-8.5	10

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表 4 不同指标计算出的隧道涌排水中岩溶水占比

Table 4. Proportion calculated by various indicators of karst water content in tunnel inflow

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