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滑坡堰塞坝堆积形态影响因素离散元分析

刘士奇 王环玲 高闯 屈晓

刘士奇, 王环玲, 高闯, 屈晓. 滑坡堰塞坝堆积形态影响因素离散元分析[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(2): 165-175. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0042
引用本文: 刘士奇, 王环玲, 高闯, 屈晓. 滑坡堰塞坝堆积形态影响因素离散元分析[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(2): 165-175. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0042
Liu Shiqi, Wang Huanling, Gao Chuang, Qu Xiao. Discrete element analysis on influencing factors of deposit morphology of landslide dam[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2022, 41(2): 165-175. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0042
Citation: Liu Shiqi, Wang Huanling, Gao Chuang, Qu Xiao. Discrete element analysis on influencing factors of deposit morphology of landslide dam[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2022, 41(2): 165-175. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0042

滑坡堰塞坝堆积形态影响因素离散元分析

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0042
基金项目: 

国家重点研发计划项目 2018YFC1508501

江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目 KYCX20_0434

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目 B200203079

详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘士奇(1992—), 男, 现正攻读岩土工程专业博士学位, 主要从事岩石力学与工程地质方面的研究工作。E-mail: sddxlsq@126.com

    通讯作者:

    王环玲(1976—), 女, 教授, 主要从事岩石力学与工程防灾减灾的研究工作。E-mail: wanghuanling@hhu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P642.22

Discrete element analysis on influencing factors of deposit morphology of landslide dam

  • 摘要: 滑坡是形成堰塞坝的最主要原因,在地震、降雨、冰雪融水等作用下均可形成滑坡堰塞坝,而滑坡堰塞坝的堆积形态、范围等对评价堰塞坝的稳定性有着重要的影响。通过离散元方法(DEM),系统分析了三维条件下滑动距离、滑面出口宽度、滑面倾角、河床倾角、河谷形状对堰塞坝堆积形态的影响。研究结果表明:滑动距离和出口宽度对坝体高度影响最大;随出口宽度和坡面倾角的增加,坝长和坝宽分别呈线性增大和减小趋势;滑动距离可以有效控制滑体速度,进而影响堆积角大小;河床倾角主要影响坝长;对坝高、坝长、上下游绝对倾角正切值和堆积角正切值进行回归分析表明,数学模型契合程度高,说明其形态可以预测;引入2个参数λχ,对堰塞坝堆积特征进行了描述;河谷形状的影响主要体现在随着河谷底部宽度的增大,滑体爬高爬坡能力增强。研究成果对根据实际地形预测滑坡堰塞坝堆积形态进而评估坝体的安全性具有重要意义,可以为进一步开展堰塞湖溃决研究提供一定的参考。

     

  • 图 1  红石岩堰塞坝现场图

    Figure 1.  Map of landslide dam

    图 2  红石岩堰塞坝散落块石

    Figure 2.  Blockstone of the Hongshiyanlandslide dam

    图 3  室内试验取样点

    Figure 3.  Sampling location for the indoor test

    图 4  PFC3D中数值模拟试验模型构建

    Figure 4.  Numerical model construction in PFC3D

    图 5  坝体形态结构示意图(a, b, c中代号说明见正文)

    Figure 5.  Morphological structure sketch of the landslide dam

    图 6  转动阻抗线性接触模型

    Figure 6.  Rolling resistance linear contact model

    图 7  颗粒级配

    Figure 7.  Grading curve of the sample

    图 8  堆积角标定过程

    Figure 8.  Calibration process of the deposit angle

    图 9  不同滑动距离堰塞坝堆积形态

    Figure 9.  Landslide dam deposit shape under different sliding distances

    图 10  不同出口宽度下坝体堆积形态

    Figure 10.  Deposit shape under different outlet widths

    图 11  不同滑面倾角下坝体堆积形态

    Figure 11.  Deposit shape under different sliding surface angles

    图 12  不同河床倾角下坝体堆积形态

    Figure 12.  Deposit shape under different river bed angles

    图 13  堰塞坝上下游绝对倾角统计

    Figure 13.  Statistics of absolution inclination angles of upstream and downstream

    图 14  不同指标影响因素分析统计图

    Figure 14.  Statistics of different indexes influencing factors

    图 15  滑面倾角对χψλ的影响

    Figure 15.  Influence of the sliding surface angle on χψ and λ

    图 16  河床倾角对χψλ的影响

    Figure 16.  Influence of river bed angle on χψ and λ

    图 17  不同河谷形状时堆积形态

    Figure 17.  Deposit shape under different valley shapes

    图 18  “U”形河谷顺河向断面堆积形态

    Figure 18.  Deposit shape of a "U"-shaped valley along the river

    表  1  试验方案

    Table  1.   Experimental schemes

    组别 编号 滑动距离L/m 出口宽度a/m 坡面倾角η/(°) 河床倾角θ/(°) 河谷形状
    A 1 2 1.0 30 0 “V”形
    2 3 1.0 30 0 “V”形
    3 4 1.0 30 0 “V”形
    B 4 2 0.8 30 0 “V”形
    2 1.0 30 0 “V”形
    5 2 1.2 30 0 “V”形
    C 2 1.0 30 0 “V”形
    6 2 1.0 45 0 “V”形
    7 2 1.0 60 0 “V”形
    D 8 2 1.0 30 4 “V”形
    9 2 1.0 30 8 “V”形
    10 2 1.0 30 12 “V”形
    E 2 1.0 30 0 “V”形
    2 1.0 30 0 “U”形
    2 1.0 30 0 “T”形
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  细观参数统计

    Table  2.   Statistics list of microscopic parameters

    最小颗粒半径/cm 1.0 摩擦系数 0.4
    颗粒粒径比 1.66 阻抗摩擦系数 0.6
    颗粒密度/(kg·m-3) 2 650 法向阻尼 0.2
    孔隙率 0.5 切向阻尼 0.2
    接触法向刚度/MPa 50 接触切向刚度/MPa 50
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  参数指标统计表

    Table  3.   Statistics list of parameter indexes

    编号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    Ld/m 0.91 0.92 0.97 0.82 1.02 0.98 1.13 1.01 1.20 1.29
    Ld/m 0.65 0.65 0.70 0.57 0.76 0.78 0.98 0.75 0.97 1.13
    Lb/m 1.86 1.82 1.89 1.66 1.97 1.94 2.25 1.95 2.01 2.04
    α′/(°) 19.43 17.78 18.12 21.36 16.65 16.30 12.54 21.33 23.58 24.02
    β′/(°) 19.29 16.91 17.69 21.29 14.98 16.58 13.86 15.42 11.91 10.47
    λ 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.34 0.39 0.40 0.44 0.38 0.48 0.55
    ψ 0.65 0.58 0.60 0.71 0.53 0.55 0.44 0.61 0.59 0.57
    下载: 导出CSV
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