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约束条件对滑坡涌浪特征影响的室内试验研究

张玉洁,  许国庆,  汪洋,  杨超越,  彭铿,  王伟

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文章导航 > 地质科技通报  > 2022 >  41(2): 309-314
张玉洁, 许国庆, 汪洋, 杨超越, 彭铿, 王伟. 约束条件对滑坡涌浪特征影响的室内试验研究[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(2): 309-314. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0052
引用本文: 张玉洁, 许国庆, 汪洋, 杨超越, 彭铿, 王伟. 约束条件对滑坡涌浪特征影响的室内试验研究[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(2): 309-314. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0052
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Zhang Yujie, Xu Guoqing, Wang Yang, Yang Chaoyue, Peng Keng, Wang Wei. Laboratory experiment on the influence of constraint conditions on landslide-generated waves[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2022, 41(2): 309-314. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0052
Citation: Zhang Yujie, Xu Guoqing, Wang Yang, Yang Chaoyue, Peng Keng, Wang Wei. Laboratory experiment on the influence of constraint conditions on landslide-generated waves[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2022, 41(2): 309-314. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0052
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约束条件对滑坡涌浪特征影响的室内试验研究

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0052
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 42077277

国家自然科学基金项目 42177159

详细信息
    作者简介:

    张玉洁(1997-), 女, 现正攻读地质工程专业硕士学位, 主要从事水库滑坡涌浪灾害预测预报研究。E-mail: 1668987276@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    汪洋(1979-), 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事滑坡灾害预测与防治、水库滑坡涌浪灾害预测方面的研究。E-mail: wangyangcug@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P642.22

Laboratory experiment on the influence of constraint conditions on landslide-generated waves

    摘要
  • 摘要: 水库滑坡约束条件影响其运动过程的几何形态, 是滑坡涌浪预测的重要参数之一。为了探究约束条件对滑坡涌浪特征(波高、波幅与周期)的影响, 采用正交试验设计法开展了54组滑坡涌浪室内模型试验, 并基于统计学理论对约束散体和半约束散体的涌浪特征进行了分析。结果表明: 涌浪波周期基本不受滑体约束条件的影响; 而半约束散体模型的波高和波幅小于约束散体的波高和波幅, 半约束散体的初始涌浪波高约为约束散体的0.95倍, 半约束散体模型的最大波峰波幅约为约束散体模型的0.9倍。因此, 在开展滑坡涌浪快速预测时, 虽然滑体入水形态与破坏前形态差异巨大, 但基于滑坡初始几何形态参数对其初始涌浪波高和最大涌浪波幅的预测结果是偏安全的。研究结论可以为更准确地预测水库滑坡涌浪提供理论依据。

     

    Abstract: The constraint conditions have a great influence on the geometry of reservoir landslides during mass movement and are one of the most important parameters for predicting landslide-generated waves. To explore the effects of constraint conditions on the characteristics of landslide-generated waves (such as wave height, amplitude and period), 54 sets of landslide-generated wave physical model experiments based on the orthogonal experimental design method were conducted in this paper. Furthermore, the wave characteristics under constrained and semiconstrained conditions were analysed using statistical methods. The results indicate that the wave period is basically unaffected by the constraint conditions, while the wave height and amplitude of the semiconstrained model are smaller than those of the constrained model, the initial wave height of the semiconstrained model is approximately 0.95 times higher than that of the constrained model, and the maximum amplitude of the semiconstrained model is approximately 0.9 times that of the constrained model. Therefore, it is safer to predict the initial wave height and maximum amplitude by using the geometric parameters before failure, although the geometry of the landslide has been greatly changed from its original state.This study can provide a theoretical basis for landslide-tsunamis prediction.

     

    • HTML全文

  • 图 1  试验设置现场图[23]

    Figure 1.  Site diagram of the experimental device

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2  波高仪平面布置图

    Figure 2.  Layout plan of the capacitance wave gages(CWGs)

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 3  半约束模型(a)和约束模型(b)

    Figure 3.  Semiconstrained model (a) and constrained model (b)

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 4  相对周期Tr随粒径变化曲线

    Figure 4.  Variation curve of the relative period with different grain diameters

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 5  约束与半约束模型相对周期的比值

    Figure 5.  Ratio of the relative period between the constrained and semiconstrained models

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 6  H半约束/H约束在不同粒径条件下的箱型图和标准差

    Figure 6.  Box-plot and standard deviation of Hsemiconstrained/Hconstrained in different grain diameters

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 7  半约束模型波高H计算值与试验值对比图

    Figure 7.  Comparison of H between the calculated and experimental values for the semiconstrained model

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 8  01#波高仪波幅

    x.波高仪至入水口的距离；h.水深; acm.最大波峰波幅

    Figure 8.  Wave amplitude of CGW01

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 9  ac1半约束/ac1约束在不同粒径条件下的箱型图和标准差

    ac1为粒径第一列波峰波幅

    Figure 9.  Box-plot and standard deviation of ac1semiconstrained/ac1constrained in different grain diameters

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 10  半约束模型最大波峰波幅acm试验值与计算值对比图

    Figure 10.  Comparison between the calculated and experimental values of the semiconstrained model′s wave amplitude of the maximum peak

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    表  1  散体材料相关参数

    Table  1.   Related parameters of granular material

    粒径
    d/mm    		 表观密度
    ρ/(g·cm-3)    		 堆积密度
    ρs/(g·cm-3)    		 孔隙率
    n/%    		 渗透系数
    k/(m·s-1)
    3~5 2.92 1.51 48.67 0.20
    8~12 2.79 1.49 46.68 1.26
    15~25 2.44 1.45 39.40 12.57
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  正交试验因素水平表

    Table  2.   Factor level table of the orthogonal test

    因素水平 l/cm w/cm s/cm v/(m·s-1)
    1 20 20 5 1.0
    2 30 30 10 1.5
    3 40 40 / 2.0
    注：l.滑坡长度；w.滑坡宽度；s.滑坡厚度；v.滑坡速度；下同
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  涌浪试验方案设计表

    Table  3.   Details of the wave test scheme design

    约束条件 粒径d=3~5 mm 粒径d=8~12 mm 粒径d=15~25 mm
    l/cm w/cm s/cm v/(m·s-1) l/cm w/cm s/cm v/(m·s-1) l/cm w/cm s/cm v/(m·s-1)
    约束 20 20 5 1.0 20 20 5 1.0 20 20 5 1.0
    20 30 10 1.5 20 30 10 1.5 20 30 10 1.5
    20 40 5 2.0 20 40 5 2.0 20 40 5 2.0
    30 20 5 1.5 30 20 5 1.5 30 20 5 1.5
    30 30 5 2.0 30 30 5 2.0 30 30 5 2.0
    30 40 10 1.0 30 40 10 1.0 30 40 10 1.0
    40 20 10 2.0 40 20 10 2.0 40 20 10 2.0
    40 30 5 1.0 40 30 5 1.0 40 30 5 1.0
    40 40 5 1.5 40 40 5 1.5 40 40 5 1.5
    半约束 20 20 5 1.0 20 20 5 1.0 20 20 5 1.0
    20 30 10 1.5 20 30 10 1.5 20 30 10 1.5
    20 40 5 2.0 20 40 5 2.0 20 40 5 2.0
    30 20 5 1.5 30 20 5 1.5 30 20 5 1.5
    30 30 5 2.0 30 30 5 2.0 30 30 5 2.0
    30 40 10 1.0 30 40 10 1.0 30 40 10 1.0
    40 20 10 2.0 40 20 10 2.0 40 20 10 2.0
    40 30 5 1.0 40 30 5 1.0 40 30 5 1.0
    40 40 5 1.5 40 40 5 1.5 40 40 5 1.5
    下载: 导出CSV
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