基于滑面分区段力学模型的高速滑坡运动过程能量转化研究

刘艺梁; 陈健翔; 高晨曦; 宋琨; 唐玄

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0061

基于滑面分区段力学模型的高速滑坡运动过程能量转化研究

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0061

刘艺梁^{1, 2, 3,},
陈健翔^{1, 2, 3, ,},
高晨曦^{1, 2, 3},
宋琨^{1, 2, 3},
唐玄^{1, 2, 3}

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41807294

湖北省自然科学基金项目 2018CFB400

防灾减灾湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目 2017KJZ04

详细信息

作者简介:
刘艺梁(1985—)，男，讲师，主要从事滑坡灾害致灾机理与防治研究。E-mail：lyl@ctgu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
陈健翔(1997—)，男，现正攻读地质资源与地质工程专业硕士学位，主要从事滑坡运动致灾机理研究。E-mail：2419457681@qq.com

中图分类号: P642.22
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- 文章访问数: 554
- PDF下载量: 39
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-06

Energy conversion of the high-speed landslide movement process based on a sliding surface partition mechanical model

Liu Yiliang^{1, 2, 3
,},
Chen Jianxiang^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
Gao Chenxi^{1, 2, 3},
Song Kun^{1, 2, 3},
Tang Xuan^{1, 2, 3}

摘要

摘要: 高速滑坡具有运动速度快、波及范围广的灾害特征, 因此对滑坡启动、加速和静止整个运动过程进行研究很有必要。基于滑面力学特性将滑面分为弹性介质区和应变弱化区, 构建了高速滑坡二维力学模型, 提出了滑坡启动动能计算公式和滑坡运动过程的能量计算公式; 以千将坪滑坡为例, 采用启动动能计算公式得出滑坡的启动速度为2.35 m/s; 依据滑面形态将其运动轨迹划分为快速加速、平稳加速、平稳减速、急剧减速4个阶段, 进行运动过程分析, 得出滑坡最大速度为16.8 m/s, 以滑坡前缘高程所在平面为势能基准面, 分析不同能量与总能量占比的变化情况, 在滑坡的4个运动阶段中, 动能占比分别为9.1%, 25.6%, 15.1%, 0%;摩擦损耗能量占比分别为: 5.5%, 58.8%, 81.7%, 95.5%;势能占比分别为: 85.2%, 14.2%, 0%, 0%;其他阻力能耗占比分别为: 0.2%, 1.4%, 3.2%, 4.5%。研究结论对高速滑坡致灾机制和风险分析具有重要意义。
- 力学模型 /
- 滑坡运动过程 /
- 千将坪滑坡 /
- 能量损耗 /
- 滑坡速度
Abstract: High-speed landslides have the characteristics of fast movement speed and rapid spread. Therefore, it is necessary to study the whole movement process of landslides starting, accelerating and resting.Based on the mechanical properties of the sliding surface, the sliding surface is divided into an elastic medium region and a strain weakening region, and a two-dimensional mechanical model of a high-speed landslide is constructed. The energy calculation formulas of landslide initiation and landslide movement processes are proposed. Taking the Qianjiangping landslide as an example, the initiation speed of the landslide is 2.35 m/s by using the energy calculation formula of landslide initiation. According to the sliding surface morphology, the landslide movement trajectory can be divided into a fast acceleration stage, a steady acceleration stage, a steady deceleration stage, and a sharp deceleration stage. The maximum speed is 16.8 m/s during analysing the motion process. The elevation plane of the landslide front is taken as the potential energy datum plane to analyze the variation in different energy and total energy ratios. In the four movement stages of the landslide, the proportions of kinetic energy were 9.1%, 25.6%, 15.1%, and 0%; the proportions of friction loss energy were 5.5%, 58.8%, 81.7%, and 95.5%; the proportions of potential energy were 85.2%, 14.2%, 0%, and 0%;and the proportions of other resistance energy consumption were 0.2%, 1.4%, 3.2%, and 4.5%. The research conclusions are of great significance to the hazard mechanism and risk analysis of high-speed landslides.
- mechanical model /
- landslide movement process /
- Qianjiangping landslide /
- energy loss /
- landslide speed

HTML全文

图 1 二维滑坡力学模型图

Figure 1. 2D mechanical model of reservoir landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 千将坪滑坡全貌

Figure 2. Overview of Qianjiangping landslide

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 千将坪滑坡滑动后2-2′工程地质剖面图

Q^col.崩塌堆积层；Q^del.滑坡堆积层; J_1-2n.中-下侏罗统聂家山组碎屑岩

Figure 3. Engineering geological profile of 2-2′ section Qianjiangping landslide after sliding

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 滑坡运动路径图

l₁~l₄.滑坡滑面第1~4段的滑动距离；H₁~H₃.第1~3段高程差；β₁~β₄.第1~4段滑面倾角

Figure 4. Landslidemovement path diagram

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 滑带土抗剪强度^[29]

Table 1. Shear strength of sliding zone soil

位置	参数	直接剪切	反复剪
弹性介质区	c/kPa	28.3	13.8
弹性介质区	φ/(°)	18.2	17.6
应变软化区	c/kPa	20.5	5.0
应变软化区	φ/(°)	19.0	18.4

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 滑坡启动速度参数表^[27]

Table 2. Parameters of landslide′s starting speed

参数	量值	参数	量值
应力软化区段长度L₁/m	750	应力软化区段面积S₁/m²	27 500
弹性介质区段长度L₂/m	450	弹性介质区段面积S₂/m²	24 500
滑坡岩土体天然或饱和重度γ/(MN·m^-3)	0.025，0.029	后缘拉裂槽宽度l_f/m	1.4
后缘滑面倾角β/(°)	30	滑面平均倾角α₀/(°)	12

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 千将坪滑坡运动各阶段计算结果

Table 3. Calculation results of Qianjiangping landslide′s different movement stages

滑坡运动阶段	水平位移/m	瞬时速度/ (m·s^-1)	瞬时势能/ 总能量/%	瞬时动能/ 总能量/%	瞬时摩擦能耗/ 总能量/%	其他阻力能耗/ 总能量/%
阶段一	15.0	10.0	85.2	9.1	5.5	0.2
阶段二	127.5	16.8	14.2	25.6	58.8	1.4
阶段三	52.5	12.9	0	15.1	81.7	3.2
阶段四	30.0	0	0	0	95.5	4.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 不同分界点高程各阶段速度对比

Table 4. Velocity comparison in different stages of different boundary point elevations

分界点滑面高程/m	启动速度/ (m·s^-1)	第一阶段速度/(m·s^-1)	第二阶段速度/(m·s^-1)	第三阶段速度/(m·s^-1)
205	0.84	8.6	14.1	11.35
210	1.92	9.3	15.5	12.1
215	2.35	10.0	16.8	12.9
220	3.99	10.8	17.8	13.5
225	4.74	11.1	18.5	14.6

下载: 导出CSV

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