晚始新世-渐新世东南印度洋沉积物源-汇过程及其古气候指示意义

范庆超; 徐兆凯; 孙天琪; 李铁刚; 常凤鸣

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0066

晚始新世-渐新世东南印度洋沉积物源-汇过程及其古气候指示意义

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0066

范庆超^{1, 2,},
徐兆凯^{1, 3, 4, 5, ,},
孙天琪^{1, 2},
李铁刚^{2, 3, 6},
常凤鸣^{1, 3, 4}

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41876034

国家自然科学基金项目 41676038

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项 XDB42000000

详细信息

作者简介:
范庆超(1995—)，男，现正攻读海洋地质专业硕士学位，主要从事海洋沉积地球化学研究。E-mail: fanqingchao@qdio.ac.cn

通讯作者:
徐兆凯(1978—)，男，研究员，主要从事海洋地质学研究与教学工作。E-mail: zhaokaixu@qdio.ac.cn

中图分类号: P512.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-12

Sediment source-to-sink processes of the southeastern Indian Ocean during the Late Eocene-Oligocene and their potential significance for paleoclimate

Fan Qingchao^{1, 2
,},
Xu Zhaokai^{1, 3, 4, 5
, ,},
Sun Tianqi^{1, 2},
Li Tiegang^{2, 3, 6},
Chang Fengming^{1, 3, 4}

摘要

摘要:
晚始新世-渐新世期间南大洋及其周边地区的古气候响应研究有助于我们更好地认识地质历史上的重大气候转型机制和预测未来地球系统对于气候突变的响应, 然而迄今为止, 仍缺乏对该区域周边陆地的古气候响应研究。基于国际大洋发现计划(IODP)369航次U1516站位深海沉积物的年龄框架以及常量、微量和稀土元素组成, 确定了该沉积物主要来源于澳大利亚西南部大陆, 进而重建了构造时间尺度上物源区的化学风化历史。在此基础上, 探讨了晚始新世-渐新世气候转折期南大洋周边大陆的古气候演化过程及其对于全球气候变化和区域古地理改变的响应。在始新世-渐新世转折期[34.1, 33.6) Ma和[31.3, 29.8) Ma期间, 物源区的古气候主要受控于邻近区域古地理格局重大变化的影响, 具体表现为气候条件趋于干冷和陆表化学风化强度降低的特征。在[33.6, 31.3) Ma和[29.8, 25.2] Ma期间, 物源区的古气候则主要响应全球气候的变化, 在前一阶段由干冷向湿热转变, 而陆表化学风化强度相应增高；在后一阶段，气候保持在相对稳定的干冷状态，陆表化学风化强度也较弱。
- 国际大洋发现计划 /
- 碎屑沉积物 /
- 古气候 /
- 始新世-渐新世 /
- 东南印度洋 /
- 化学风化 /
- 气候转型 /
- 源-汇过程
Abstract:
Understanding the paleoclimate responses in Southern Ocean and its surrounding land can help us to better explore the major climate transition mechanisms in geological history and predict the response ofthe earth system to abrupt climate changes in the future, while, there is still a lack of research on the paleoclimatere sponse of the surrounding land in Southern Ocean.Based on the age framework, major, traceand rare earth element compositions of the deep-sea sediments at Site U1516 of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) 369, we determined that the sediments were mainly from the southwest continent of Australia, and then reconstructed the chemical weathering history of the source area on the tectonic time scale.In addition, we combined with the previous research results to discuss the paleoclimate evolution of continents surrounding Southern Ocean during the Late Eocene-Oligocene climate transition period and its response toglobal climate changes and regional paleogeographic changes.During the Eocene-Oligocene transition (e.g., 34.1 to 33.6 Ma and 31.3 to 29.8 Ma), the paleoclimate in the source area was mainly controlled by the significant changes in the paleogeographic pattern of the adjacent area, which was characterized by the climate conditions tending to bedry and cold and the decrease of chemical weathering intensity on the land surface.During the period of 33.6 to 31.3 Ma and 29.8 to 25.2 Ma, the palaeoclimate of the source area mainly responded to global climate changes.In theformer stage, the paleoclimate changed from dry and cold to wet and hot, the intensity of chemical weathering on the land surface increased correspondingly; In the latter stage, the climate maintained in a relatively stable dry and cold state, the intensity of chemical weathering on the land surface is also weak.
- International Ocean Discovery Program /
- siliciclastic sediments /
- paleoclimate /
- Eocene-Oligocene /
- southeastern Indian Ocene /
- chemical weathering /
- climate transition /
- source-to-sink process

HTML全文

图 1 曼达岬盆地国际大洋发现计划369航次U1516站位位置、周边潜在物源区和洋流示意图(a)和早渐新世(约30 Ma)U1516站位及相关典型站位古地理位置示意图(b)^[22]

Figure 1. Bathymetric map showing the location of International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1516, the nearby geologic structures and ocean currents (a), and paleogeographic map of the Early Oligocene (30 Ma) showing the locations of Site U1516 andsome typical sites (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 U1516站位C孔典型常量、微量和稀土元素质量分数垂向变化

Figure 2. Vertical changes of major, trace and rare earth element contents in Hole C, Site U1516

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 U1516站位C孔典型元素比值(K/Al、Rb/Sr、Th/K)、K质量分数、化学蚀变指数(CIA)和稀土元素比值(La/Yb)_UCC剖面变化

绿线代表西南澳大利亚陆源碎屑源区平均(La/Yb)_UCC^[29-32]；紫线代表博物学家海底高原火山碎屑源区平均(La/Yb)_UCC^[33]

Figure 3. Downcore variations in typical element ratios (K/Al, Rb/Sr, Th/K), K content, and chemical index of alteration(CIA) and (La/Yb)_UCC in Hole C, Site U1516

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 U1516站位沉积物碎屑态及周边潜在物源区Al-Zr-Ti三角图解(a)和(Gd/Yb)_UCC-(La/Sm)_UCC图解(b)

Figure 4. Al-Zr-Ti ternary diagram (a), and (Gd/Yb)_UCC vs.(La/Sm)_UCC plot (b) of siliciclastic sediments from Site U1516 and surrounding potential source areas

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图 5 U1516站位沉积物碎屑态Al₂O₃-(CaO^*+Na₂O)-K₂O(A-CN-K)图解

Figure 5. Al₂O₃-(CaO^*+Na₂O)-K₂O(A-CN-K) plot of siliciclastic sediments from Site U1516

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 U1516站位沉积物碎屑态化学风化强度指标(K/Al(c)、Rb/Sr(e)、CIA(d))和气候干旱湿润性替代指标(Th/K(h)、w(K)(i))与全球深海氧同位素^[10](a)、大洋钻探计划738和744站位浮游有孔虫(Subbotina.angiporoides)Mg/Ca比值^[64](b)、大气CO₂浓度^[9](f)、全球平均海平面^[65](g)、大洋钻探计划1168站位鱼牙化石ε_Nd^[14](j)、北大西洋ASP-5站位底栖有孔虫(Cibicidoides spp.) δ¹³C^[2](k)对比

Figure 6. Comparison among chemical weathering intensity proxies(K/Al(c), Rb/Sr(e), CIA(d)) and paleoclimate change proxies(Th/K(h), K content(i)) of siliciclastic sediments at Site U1516, global deep sea δ¹⁸O^[10](a), Ocean Drilling Program 738 and 744 planktonic foraminifera(Subbotina.angiporoides)Mg/Ca^[63](b), atmospheric CO₂ concentration^[9](f), global mean sea level^[65](g), Ocean Drilling Program 1168 fish tooth ε_Nd^[13](j), North Atlantic ASP-5 benthic foraminifera(Cibicidoides spp.) δ¹³C^[2](k)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 U1516站位C孔的年龄模式^[4]

Table 1. Chronological pattern of Hole C, Site U1516

类型	古生物事件	年龄/Ma	深度/m
浮游有孔虫	Globoquadrina dehiscens底界	22.44	262.37
浮游有孔虫	Paragloborotalia opima顶界	26.93	272.70
浮游有孔虫	Tuborotalia ampliapertura顶界	30.28	280.70
浮游有孔虫	Paragloborotalia opima底界	30.72	290.19
钙质超微化石	Reticulofenestra umbilica顶界	33.43	320.20
钙质超微化石	Discoaster saipanensis顶界	34.44	341.29

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