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晚始新世-渐新世东南印度洋沉积物源-汇过程及其古气候指示意义

范庆超 徐兆凯 孙天琪 李铁刚 常凤鸣

范庆超, 徐兆凯, 孙天琪, 李铁刚, 常凤鸣. 晚始新世-渐新世东南印度洋沉积物源-汇过程及其古气候指示意义[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(3): 9-19. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0066
引用本文: 范庆超, 徐兆凯, 孙天琪, 李铁刚, 常凤鸣. 晚始新世-渐新世东南印度洋沉积物源-汇过程及其古气候指示意义[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(3): 9-19. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0066
Fan Qingchao, Xu Zhaokai, Sun Tianqi, Li Tiegang, Chang Fengming. Sediment source-to-sink processes of the southeastern Indian Ocean during the Late Eocene-Oligocene and their potential significance for paleoclimate[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2022, 41(3): 9-19. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0066
Citation: Fan Qingchao, Xu Zhaokai, Sun Tianqi, Li Tiegang, Chang Fengming. Sediment source-to-sink processes of the southeastern Indian Ocean during the Late Eocene-Oligocene and their potential significance for paleoclimate[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2022, 41(3): 9-19. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0066

晚始新世-渐新世东南印度洋沉积物源-汇过程及其古气候指示意义

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0066
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 41876034

国家自然科学基金项目 41676038

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项 XDB42000000

详细信息
    作者简介:

    范庆超(1995—),男,现正攻读海洋地质专业硕士学位,主要从事海洋沉积地球化学研究。E-mail: fanqingchao@qdio.ac.cn

    通讯作者:

    徐兆凯(1978—),男,研究员,主要从事海洋地质学研究与教学工作。E-mail: zhaokaixu@qdio.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: P512.2

Sediment source-to-sink processes of the southeastern Indian Ocean during the Late Eocene-Oligocene and their potential significance for paleoclimate

  • 摘要:

    晚始新世-渐新世期间南大洋及其周边地区的古气候响应研究有助于我们更好地认识地质历史上的重大气候转型机制和预测未来地球系统对于气候突变的响应, 然而迄今为止, 仍缺乏对该区域周边陆地的古气候响应研究。基于国际大洋发现计划(IODP)369航次U1516站位深海沉积物的年龄框架以及常量、微量和稀土元素组成, 确定了该沉积物主要来源于澳大利亚西南部大陆, 进而重建了构造时间尺度上物源区的化学风化历史。在此基础上, 探讨了晚始新世-渐新世气候转折期南大洋周边大陆的古气候演化过程及其对于全球气候变化和区域古地理改变的响应。在始新世-渐新世转折期[34.1, 33.6) Ma和[31.3, 29.8) Ma期间, 物源区的古气候主要受控于邻近区域古地理格局重大变化的影响, 具体表现为气候条件趋于干冷和陆表化学风化强度降低的特征。在[33.6, 31.3) Ma和[29.8, 25.2] Ma期间, 物源区的古气候则主要响应全球气候的变化, 在前一阶段由干冷向湿热转变, 而陆表化学风化强度相应增高;在后一阶段,气候保持在相对稳定的干冷状态,陆表化学风化强度也较弱。

     

  • 图 1  曼达岬盆地国际大洋发现计划369航次U1516站位位置、周边潜在物源区和洋流示意图(a)和早渐新世(约30 Ma)U1516站位及相关典型站位古地理位置示意图(b)[22]

    Figure 1.  Bathymetric map showing the location of International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1516, the nearby geologic structures and ocean currents (a), and paleogeographic map of the Early Oligocene (30 Ma) showing the locations of Site U1516 andsome typical sites (b)

    图 2  U1516站位C孔典型常量、微量和稀土元素质量分数垂向变化

    Figure 2.  Vertical changes of major, trace and rare earth element contents in Hole C, Site U1516

    图 3  U1516站位C孔典型元素比值(K/Al、Rb/Sr、Th/K)、K质量分数、化学蚀变指数(CIA)和稀土元素比值(La/Yb)UCC剖面变化

    绿线代表西南澳大利亚陆源碎屑源区平均(La/Yb)UCC[29-32];紫线代表博物学家海底高原火山碎屑源区平均(La/Yb)UCC[33]

    Figure 3.  Downcore variations in typical element ratios (K/Al, Rb/Sr, Th/K), K content, and chemical index of alteration(CIA) and (La/Yb)UCC in Hole C, Site U1516

    图 4  U1516站位沉积物碎屑态及周边潜在物源区Al-Zr-Ti三角图解(a)和(Gd/Yb)UCC-(La/Sm)UCC图解(b)

    Figure 4.  Al-Zr-Ti ternary diagram (a), and (Gd/Yb)UCC vs.(La/Sm)UCC plot (b) of siliciclastic sediments from Site U1516 and surrounding potential source areas

    图 5  U1516站位沉积物碎屑态Al2O3-(CaO*+Na2O)-K2O(A-CN-K)图解

    Figure 5.  Al2O3-(CaO*+Na2O)-K2O(A-CN-K) plot of siliciclastic sediments from Site U1516

    图 6  U1516站位沉积物碎屑态化学风化强度指标(K/Al(c)、Rb/Sr(e)、CIA(d))和气候干旱湿润性替代指标(Th/K(h)、w(K)(i))与全球深海氧同位素[10](a)、大洋钻探计划738和744站位浮游有孔虫(Subbotina.angiporoides)Mg/Ca比值[64](b)、大气CO2浓度[9](f)、全球平均海平面[65](g)、大洋钻探计划1168站位鱼牙化石εNd[14](j)、北大西洋ASP-5站位底栖有孔虫(Cibicidoides spp.) δ13C[2](k)对比

    Figure 6.  Comparison among chemical weathering intensity proxies(K/Al(c), Rb/Sr(e), CIA(d)) and paleoclimate change proxies(Th/K(h), K content(i)) of siliciclastic sediments at Site U1516, global deep sea δ18O[10](a), Ocean Drilling Program 738 and 744 planktonic foraminifera(Subbotina.angiporoides)Mg/Ca[63](b), atmospheric CO2 concentration[9](f), global mean sea level[65](g), Ocean Drilling Program 1168 fish tooth εNd[13](j), North Atlantic ASP-5 benthic foraminifera(Cibicidoides spp.) δ13C[2](k)

    表  1  U1516站位C孔的年龄模式[4]

    Table  1.   Chronological pattern of Hole C, Site U1516

    类型 古生物事件 年龄/Ma 深度/m
    浮游有孔虫 Globoquadrina dehiscens底界 22.44 262.37
    浮游有孔虫 Paragloborotalia opima顶界 26.93 272.70
    浮游有孔虫 Tuborotalia ampliapertura顶界 30.28 280.70
    浮游有孔虫 Paragloborotalia opima底界 30.72 290.19
    钙质超微化石 Reticulofenestra umbilica顶界 33.43 320.20
    钙质超微化石 Discoaster saipanensis顶界 34.44 341.29
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