Sealing model of tight gas reservoirs in the edge of Claraton Basin: A case study from the first Member of Lower Shihezi Formation in Hangjinqi area of the northern margin of the Ordos Basin
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摘要:
克拉通盆地大面积致密砂岩气藏边界带上的气水分布往往远比盆地内部复杂, 圈闭类型多样, 气藏上倾方向封堵模式尚存在争议。本研究以鄂尔多斯盆地北缘杭锦旗地区二叠系盒1段气藏为例, 对比分析不同区带典型河道砂体厚度、岩相组合、砂体叠置关系、储层物性及横向宏观非均质性等多因素差异分布特征及其对气藏分布的控制作用, 最终建立杭锦旗地区不同构造带内盒1段气藏封堵模式。研究表明, 研究区自西向东发育3种河道沉积模式, 分别是西部缓坡区浅水辫状河模式、中部陡坡区冲积扇-辫状河模式、东部深水道模式, 3种沉积模式控制了河道上倾方向储层宏观非均质性差异, 这种宏观非均质性变化是研究区致密砂岩气藏上倾方向封堵的主控因素。根据研究区上倾方向储层变化与圈闭类型关系, 划分了3种天然气封堵模式: 西部缓坡区岩性封堵模式、中部陡坡区地层-岩性封堵模式、东部岩性-构造过渡封堵模式。3种天然气封堵模式构成了鄂北盆缘盒1段大面积天然气连续成藏区的边界, 同时控制了不同类型圈闭分布与天然气富集。
Abstract:Gas and water distribution of large-scaled tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the margin of typical craton basin is generally much more complicated than that in the center of the basin, and there are various types of traps, therefore, the updip sealing models of gas reservoirs is controversial.This study takes the Permian gas reservoirsof the first Member of Lower Shihezi Formation (He-1 member)in Hangjinqi area of the northern margin of the Ordos Basin as an example, and aims to investigate the differential distribution characteristics, including sandbody thickness, lithofacies association, sandbody superimposition, reservoir physical properties and transverse connectivity of typical channels in the He-1 memberat different locations. The results suggest three types of river depositional models, including shallow-water braided river model in the western gentle slope zone, alluvial fan-braided river model in the central steep slope zone, and deep-water braided river model in the eastern slope break zone. The three depositional models control the difference of channel updipsealing conditions. Based on the relationship between updip reservoir variation and trap types, three models of natural gas migration and accumulation are proposed aslithologic sealing model in the western gentle slope zone, strata coupled with lithologic sealing model in the central steep slope zone, and transitional model of lithologic sealing-trap accumulation in the eastern zone.It is concluded that the upward sealing conditions under these three migration and accumulation models constitute the boundary of the large-scaled continuous reservoir-forming area of He-1 memberin the northern margin of the Ordos Basin, and also control the distribution of different traps and gas enrichment in the Hangjinqi area.
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图 1 杭锦旗地区构造位置(a)与盒1段砂体平面分布(b)
Figure 1. Structural location (a) and horizontal distribution of sand bodies in He1 member inHangjinqi area(b)
图 2 杭锦旗地区不同地区沉积相柱状图
a.西部辫状河沉积; b.中部冲积扇沉积; c.东部辫状河沉积; 3口钻井位置在图 1中红圈标出
Figure 2. Lithological column of depositionalfaices in different district, Hongjinqi area
图 3 研究区西部过J62井-J64井气藏剖面(剖面位置见图 1-b)
Figure 3. Gas reservoir profile from well J62 to well J64 in the west of the study area
图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地北部山西-太原组煤层生烃强度图
Figure 4. Hydrocarbon generation intensity map of Shanxi and Taiyuan Formation coal seam in northern Ordos Basin
图 5 研究区西部储层厚度与气层厚度交会
Figure 5. Cross-plot of reservoir thickness and gas reservoir thickness in the west of the study area
图 6 研究区中部过J113井-J3井气藏剖面(剖面位置见图 1-b)
Figure 6. Gas reservoir profile from well Jin113 to well Jin3 in the central part of the study area
图 7 研究区中部储层厚度与气层厚度交会
Figure 7. Cross-plot of effective reservoir thickness and gas reservoir thickness in the middle of the study area
图 8 研究区东部过J32井-J11井气藏剖面(剖面位置见图 1-b)
Figure 8. Gas reservoir profile from well J32 to well J11 in the east of the study area
图 9 研究区东部有效储层厚度与气层厚度交会
Figure 9. Reservoir thickness and gas reservoir thickness in the east of the study area
图 10 不同沉积模式下河道砂岩储层连通性与气水分布
Figure 10. Connectivity and gas water distribution of channel sandstone reservoirs under different sedimentary models
图 11 不同有效储层/地层厚度模式下天然气充满度(气层厚度/储层厚度)
Figure 11. Natural gas fullness(gas reservoir thickness/reservoir thickness) under different reservoir/formation thickness modes
表 1 研究区不同地区山西-太原组烃源岩与盒1段储层配置参数
Table 1. Configuration parameters of source rock of Shanxi-Taiyuan Formation and He 1 member reservoir in different district of the study area
参数类别 参数 西部地区 中部地区 东部地区 南部源内缓坡区 北部源外隆起区 冲积扇(扇中)区 南部辫状河区 源内缓坡区 中部源内过渡区 北部源侧隆起区 源岩参数 生气强度/(108m3·km-2) 15~20 0 15~20 20~30 15~20 10~15 0~8 沉积特征 粒度 粗砂岩、中砂岩 粗砂岩、中砂岩 (含砾)粗砂岩 粗砂岩、中砂岩 粗砂岩、中砂岩 粗砂岩 含砾粗砂岩 测井相 齿化箱形、钟形 齿化箱形、钟形 箱形、钟形 齿化箱形、钟形 齿化箱形、钟形 箱形、钟形 箱形、钟形 储层参数 孔隙度/% 渗透率/×10-3μm2 7.8 0.5 5.2 0.12 12 1.2 8.5 0.8 8.8 0.56 8.1 1.2 12.3 1.6 砂层厚度/m 22 23.5 35 31 28.3 30.7 29.7 有效储层厚度/m 14.7 10.2 19 12 18.6 21.8 28.6 有效储层/地层厚度比 0.25 0.16 0.31 0.19 0.27 0.33 0.51 
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表 2 不同区带盒1段气藏特征对比表
Table 2. Comparison of gas reservoirs in He1 formation in different district
封堵模式 西部缓坡区岩性封堵模式 中部陡坡带地层- 岩性封堵模式 东部岩性-构造过渡模式 渗透率/×10-3μm2 0.12~0.5 0.8~1.2 0.5~1.6 地层厚度比 0.16~0.25 0.19~0.31 0.27~0.51 大面积气藏边界位置 源-储配置边界 地层尖灭带 储/地比变化带 气藏富集主控因素 有效储层 有效储层+地层封堵带 储层+构造 水层类型 束缚水、孤立水层 束缚水 南部束缚水中部气水同层北部边底水 有无浮力作用 无 局部 局部
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