矿渣类颗粒介质结构对力链发展规律的影响

陆敏凤; 唐朝晖; 柴波; 宁可; 祝洁雯; 方熠

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0094

矿渣类颗粒介质结构对力链发展规律的影响

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0094

陆敏凤^1a,,
唐朝晖^1a, ,,
柴波^1b,
宁可²,
祝洁雯^1a,
方熠^1a

1a.
中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院, 武汉 430074
1b.
中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 武汉 430074
2.
中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司, 武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41877253

详细信息

作者简介:
陆敏凤(1996-), 女, 现正攻读土木工程专业硕士学位, 主要从事地质环境评价方面的研究工作。E-mail: 1984487477@qq.com

通讯作者:
唐朝晖(1964-), 女, 教授, 主要从事工程地质与环境岩土工程方面的教学科研工作。E-mail: zhtang@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P642.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 363
- PDF下载量: 17
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-28
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-07

Granule structure influences on force chain development in the slag medium

Lu Minfeng^{1a
,},
Tang Zhaohui^{1a
, ,},
Chai Bo^1b,
Ning Ke²,
Zhu Jiewen^1a,
Fang Yi^1a

1a.
School of Engineering, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
1b.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Zhongjiao Second Highway Survey and Design Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要:
矿业活动产生的渣体是不规则颗粒介质, 具有级配复杂、结构不稳定的特征, 颗粒间通过力链传递应力。以典型铜矿渣为研究对象, 借助CT扫描技术获得矿渣的颗粒结构形态, 通过开展不同粗颗粒含量的平面压缩试验和数值模拟试验, 得到宏观力学变形曲线及力链发展过程和颗粒结构变化, 讨论颗粒结构和力链发展协同作用对宏观力学性质的影响机制, 以及颗粒介质材料压缩发展规律。结果表明: 矿渣类颗粒介质材料的力链发展方向与压力方向一致; 矿渣宏观抗压性能随>5 mm粗颗粒含量的增加先增后减, 在最优粗细颗粒配比50%处达到最大抗压强度; 颗粒结构和力链间软硬结构存在显著的协同演化; 压缩过程中内部存在快速压密、颗粒破碎和稳定压缩3个阶段。在矿渣堆填过程中, 除控制其粗颗粒在最优级配外, 保持均匀填筑和合理的压实使其进入稳定压缩阶段也非常重要。
- 矿渣 /
- 颗粒介质 /
- 颗粒结构 /
- 力链 /
- 平板压缩试验
Abstract:
The slag dumps formed by mining activities are irregular granular media. Their particle size gradations are complex and granule structures are unstable.The stress between particles is transferred through the dependently unstable force chain. Taking the typical copper slag as the study object, its granule structure was investigated using CT scanning technology. According to plane compression and corresponding numerical simulation tests on coarse particles of different mass fraction contents, stress-straincurves, force chain evolutions and granule structure changes were obtained.Further, the synergistic effect between granule structure and force chain evolutionon macro-mechanics was discussed. Meanwhile, the compression law of granular material was revealed. The results show that the direction of force chain evolution direction inslag granular materialis consistent with the direction of pressure. The macro-compressive strength of slag increases first and then decreases with increasing coarse particle (>5 mm) mass fraction content and reaches the maximum compressive strength at the optimal coarse particle ratio of 50%. The granule structure and the soft-hard structure inforce chains have a significant synergistic effect. The granule structure change in slag granular material will experience three stages during compression process: the rapid compaction stage, particle crushing stage and stable compression stage. In the process of slag landfill, it is important to keep uniform filling and reasonable compaction to make it enter the stable compression stage, as well as controlling the optimal grading of coarse particles.
- slag /
- granular material /
- granule structure /
- force chain /
- plane compression test

HTML全文

图 1 铜矿渣样品颗粒级配曲线

Figure 1. Particle size distribution curve of copper slag sample

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图 2 CT扫描仪及放入CT扫描仪的铜矿渣样品

Figure 2. CT scanner and the scanning copper slag sample

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图 3 压缩试验设计图

Figure 3. Compression test design chart

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图 4 压缩试验安装图

Figure 4. Installation of compression test

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图 5 封注红色染料的脆性玻璃珠

Figure 5. Brittle glass beads sealed with red dye

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图 6 铜矿渣压缩参数标定初始模型图

Figure 6. Initial model diagram of parameter calibration for numerical compression test of copper slag

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图 7 获取铜矿渣颗粒结构形态

球形度S=d_n/d_w(d_n为颗粒最大内切圆直径; d_w为颗粒最小外接圆直径)；长宽比：F=d_max/d_min (d_max为颗粒最长直径；d_min为以d_max长轴且与颗粒面积相等的椭圆短轴)；圆形度R=L/2(πA)^1/2(L为颗粒投影周长；A为颗粒投影面积)

Figure 7. Approach to measuring structural morphology of copper slag particle

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图 8 压缩试验下不同w₅铜矿渣应力-应变曲线图

Figure 8. Stress-strain curves of copper slags with different w₅ contents under the compression test

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图 9 不同w₅铜矿渣应变-时间曲线及各阶段每组玻璃珠破碎数量

Figure 9. Strain-time curves of copper slags with different mass fractions w₅ and the broken number of glass beads in each group at each stage

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图 10 不同w₅铜矿渣玻璃珠破碎顺序及位置图

图中数字为破碎玻璃珠编号

Figure 10. Broken sequences and position diagrams of glass beads incopper slags with different w₅ contents

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图 11 铜矿渣压缩室内试验和模拟试验应力-应变曲线图

Figure 11. Stress-strain curves of indoor compression and corresponding simulation testsof copper slag

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图 12 w₅=50%时模拟试验的应力链发展趋势图

Figure 12. Evolution trend diagram of the stress chain in the simulation test when w₅=50%

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图 13 不同粗颗粒质量分数含量控制下矿渣颗粒结构变化

Figure 13. Changes of the slag granule structure under the control of the coarse particle content

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图 14 不同w₅铜矿渣玻璃珠第一颗破碎时间及总破碎率复合图

Figure 14. Composite diagram of the first crushing timings and total crushing rates of glass beads in copper slags with different w₅ contents

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图 15 模拟过程颗粒变形破碎情况

Figure 15. Simulation of particle deformation and crushing under compression process

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表 1 铜矿渣的级配参数表

Table 1. Gradation parameter of copper slag

名称	d₁₀/mm	d₃₀/mm	d₆₀/mm	C_u=d₆₀/d₁₀	C_c=d₃₀²/(d₁₀d₆₀)	平均粒径d₅₀/mm	粗颗粒w₅/%
铜矿渣颗粒级配	0.47	1.27	3.84	8.17	0.89	2.98	30.15
注：定义粒径>5 mm的颗粒为粗颗粒，粗颗粒质量分数用w₅表示；d₁₀为小于该粒径的土颗粒的质量占土颗粒总质量的10%，也称有效粒径；d₃₀为小于该粒径的土颗粒的质量占土颗粒总质量的30%，也称连续粒径；d₆₀为小于该粒径的土颗粒的质量占土颗粒总质量的60%，也称控制粒径

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表 2 铜矿渣6组优势外形轮廓几何参数统计表

Table 2. Statistical table of geometric parameters of six groups of dominant profiles of copper slags

分类	1	2	3	4	5	6
优势外轮廓
球形度S	0.29	0.60	0.65	0.52	0.69	0.33
长宽比F	5.96	3.31	3.16	3.85	3.63	5.62
圆形度R	1.22	1.10	1.02	1.07	1.08	1.05

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表 3 铜矿渣大型压缩试验参数反演标定

Table 3. Parameter inversion calibration table for the large-scale compression test of copper slag

参数类型	标定值
颗粒密度ρ/(kg·m^-3)	2 608
接触颗粒间弹性模量E_c/Pa	2×10⁷
法向切向刚度比k	1.05
接触摩擦系数μ	0.3
平行黏结弹性模量E_p/Pa	6.5×10⁷
平行黏结刚度比k_p	1.05
平行黏结抗拉强度σ_c/Pa	0.9×10⁷
平行黏结内聚力c/Pa	4.5×10⁷

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