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砷在金属矿山中的赋存形态及迁移机制

张晓平 吴志华 陈佳木 张晓军 刘文浩 王琳玲 周淼 齐宇彤 吴云辉

张晓平, 吴志华, 陈佳木, 张晓军, 刘文浩, 王琳玲, 周淼, 齐宇彤, 吴云辉. 砷在金属矿山中的赋存形态及迁移机制[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(4): 138-148. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0121
引用本文: 张晓平, 吴志华, 陈佳木, 张晓军, 刘文浩, 王琳玲, 周淼, 齐宇彤, 吴云辉. 砷在金属矿山中的赋存形态及迁移机制[J]. 地质科技通报, 2022, 41(4): 138-148. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0121
Zhang Xiaoping, Wu Zhihua, Chen Jiamu, Zhang Xiaojun, Liu Wenhao, Wang Linling, Zhou Miao, Qi Yutong, Wu Yunhui. Occurrence state and migration mechanism of arsenic in metal mines[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2022, 41(4): 138-148. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0121
Citation: Zhang Xiaoping, Wu Zhihua, Chen Jiamu, Zhang Xiaojun, Liu Wenhao, Wang Linling, Zhou Miao, Qi Yutong, Wu Yunhui. Occurrence state and migration mechanism of arsenic in metal mines[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2022, 41(4): 138-148. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0121

砷在金属矿山中的赋存形态及迁移机制

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0121
基金项目: 

湖南省自然资源厅科技计划项目 2019-06

详细信息
    作者简介:

    张晓平(1983-), 女, 高级工程师, 主要从事地质调查与矿产勘查、矿山生态修复、地质灾害调查与治理等方面的研究工作。E-mail: 377342001@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    吴志华(1966-), 男, 研究员级高级工程师, 主要从事地质调查与矿产勘查、矿山生态修复、地质灾害治理等方面的研究工作。E-mail: 2418679566@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: X141

Occurrence state and migration mechanism of arsenic in metal mines

  • 摘要:

    金属矿山在采矿、选矿、冶炼的过程中经常会产生环境污染的问题, 其中矿山酸性废水(acid mine drainage, 简称AMD)所带来的砷污染是最为严重的重金属污染问题之一。总结了砷在金属矿山中的赋存形态及其在不同矿物中活化、迁移的化学过程和形态转化规律, 认为: ①黄铁矿和毒砂是金属矿山中最普遍的含砷矿物; ②砷随着原生矿物的氧化溶解活化出来, 在AMD中主要以砷酸盐和亚砷酸盐的形态存在, 其中亚砷酸盐的迁移性更强; ③AMD中次生矿物(如黄钾铁钒、针铁矿、臭葱石等)吸附沉淀可以减缓砷的迁移速率、减少砷的迁移量但不能阻止砷的迁移。含砷矿物的次生氧化过程和次生矿物中砷的稳定能力研究可以对砷在矿山环境中迁移机制的深入理解和砷污染治理方案的制定提供新的思路和研究方向。

     

  • 图 1  砷在矿山环境中活化、迁移过程示意图

    Figure 1.  Arsenic activation and migration in mine environment

    表  1  常见的含砷矿物及化学式

    Table  1.   Common arsenic-bearing minerals and chemical formula

    中文名称 英文名称 分子式 中文名称 英文名称 分子式
    自然砷 arsenic As 雄黄 realgar As2S2
    黄铁矿(含砷黄铁矿) pyrite(arsenian pyrite) FeS2-As 雌黄 orpiment As2S3
    磁铁矿 pyrrhotite Fe1-xS 毒砂 arsenopyrite FeAsS
    硫砷铜矿 enargite Cu3AsS4 砷黝铜矿 tennantite (Cu.Fe)12As4S13
    砷铜矿 domeykite Cu3As 红砷镍矿 nickeline NiAs
    砷锑矿 stibarsen SbAs 铂砷矿 sperrylite PtAs2
    方钴矿 skutterudite Co4(As4)3 复砷镍矿 chloanthite (Ni.Co)As2-3
    斜方砷铁矿 loellinglite FeAs2 砷镍矿 maucherite NiAs3
    硫砷矿 dimorphite As4S3 淡红银矿 proustite Ag3AsS3
    砷华 asenolite As2O3 辉砷钴矿 cobaltite CoAsS
    白砷石 claudetite As2O3 臭葱石 scorodite FeAsO4·2H2O
    下载: 导出CSV
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