基于无监督学习的多参数储层评价：以蒲包山地区下三叠统飞仙关组礁滩储层为例

李阳; 代宗仰; 张洁伟; 肖朵艳; 李丹; 赵晓阳; 李甜; 黄澜; 黄囿霖

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0154

基于无监督学习的多参数储层评价：以蒲包山地区下三叠统飞仙关组礁滩储层为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0154

李阳^{1, 2,},
代宗仰^2, ,,
张洁伟³,
肖朵艳⁴,
李丹³,
赵晓阳²,
李甜²,
黄澜²,
黄囿霖⁵

1.
中国石油辽河油田分公司, 辽宁盘锦 124010
2.
西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 成都 610500
3.
中国石油西南油气田分公司川东北气矿, 四川达州 635000
4.
中国石油塔里木油田分公司, 新疆塔里木 841000
5.
中国石油青海油田公司勘探开发研究院, 甘肃敦煌 736200

详细信息

作者简介:
李阳(1988-), 男, 主要从事石油地质及数据挖掘等相关研究工作。E-mail: 7891235@qq.com

通讯作者:
代宗仰(1965-), 男, 副教授, 主要从事沉积储层和石油地质的教学和科研工作。E-mail: 754316254@qq.com

中图分类号: P628
计量
- 文章访问数: 551
- PDF下载量: 101
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-26
- 录用日期: 2022-04-15
- 修回日期: 2022-02-25

Multiparameter reservoir evaluation method based on unsupervised learning: A case study of the reef beach reservoir of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Pubaoshan area

1.
PetroChina Liaohe Qilfield Company, Panjin Liaoning 124010, China
2.
School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
3.
Northeast Sichuan Gas Field, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Dazhou Sichuan 635000, China
4.
Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Tarim Xinjiang 841000, China
5.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang Gansu 736200, China

摘要

摘要:
四川盆地东北部蒲包山地区下三叠统飞仙关组礁滩储层的形成与发育是地质历史时期综合作用的结果, 因此储层评价时仅使用单一因素难免会产生偏差。采用k-means聚类分析和主成分分析相结合的方法对研究区储层进行了分类与评价。研究结果表明: 在已知蒲包山地区下三叠统飞仙关组礁滩储层的白云岩厚度、平均孔隙度以及储层有效厚度3种不同影响因素平面图的前提下, 对不同平面进行等大网格化, 提取不同影响因素的储层特征数据, 结合使用肘部法和轮廓法对储层特征数据进行分析并将储层划分成4种发育类型, 然后应用k-means聚类分析方法对已知的数据点进行类别属性分配; 使用主成分分析对不同储层特征数据进行降维处理形成一个新的综合参数, 参数贡献率达0.882, 按k-means的分类结果, 计算4种储层不同类型主成分分析综合参数的均值, 分别为0.404, 0.640, 0.716, 作为储层评价分区的分界点。最终使用此种量化的方法将研究区不同特征平面图合理融合在一起, 形成储层综合评价图。研究结果可有效地对研究区储层进行分类评价及有利勘探区预测。
- 蒲包山地区 /
- 飞仙关组 /
- 储层评价 /
- k-means /
- 主成分分析 /
- 礁滩储层
Abstract: Objective
The formation and development of the reef-shoal reservoirs in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Pobaoshan area are the result of the comprehensive action of the geological historical period. Therefore, only using a single factor in reservoir evaluation will inevitably lead to deviations.
Methods
The k-means cluster analysis method and principal component analysis method were used to classify and evaluate the reservoir in the study area.
Results
The results show that: On the premise that three different influencing factors of dolomite thickness, average porosity and effective reservoir thickness of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation reef-shoal reservoir in the Pubaoshan area are known, gridding different planes to extract reservoir characteristic data of different influencing factors. The combined elbow method and contour method are used to analyze reservoir characteristic data and divide the reservoir into 4 development types. Then k-means cluster analysis method is applied to assign class attributes to the known data points. Using principal component analysis to reduce the dimensionality of different reservoir characteristic data to form a new comprehensive parameter. The parameter contribution rate can reach 0.882. According to the classification results of k-means, the mean values of the comprehensive parameters of different types of principal component analysis of the four reservoirs were calculated, which were 0.404, 0.640 and 0.716, respectively, as the demarcation point of the reservoir evaluation zone. Finally, this quantitative method is used to reasonably integrate the different characteristic plans of the study area to form a comprehensive evaluation map of the reservoir.
Conclusion
The research results can effectively classify and evaluate the reservoir in the study area and predict favorable exploration areas.
- Pubaoshan area /
- Feixianguan Formation /
- reservoir evaluation /
- k-means /
- principal component analysis /
- reef beach reservoir
注释:

(所有作者声明不存在利益冲突)

HTML全文

图 1 基于聚类分析的储层分类算法流程图

Figure 1. Workflow of the reservoir classification algorithm based on cluster analysis

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 主成分分析储层评价流程图(以3个因素为例)

Figure 2. Workflow of the reservoir evaluation by principal component analysis (taking three factors as an example)

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图 3 主成分分析算法流程图

Figure 3. Workflow of the principal component analysis algorithm

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图 4 研究区储层不同影响因素等值线图

Figure 4. Contour maps of different influencing factors of reservoirs in the study area

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图 5 肘部法与轮廓法折线图

Figure 5. Line charts of the elbow method and silhouette method

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图 6 储层分类箱型图

Figure 6. Box plot of reservoir classification

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图 7 研究区储层概率发育图与评价图

Figure 7. Probability development map and evaluation map of reservoirs in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 研究区飞仙关组储层储集空间类型统计

Table 1. Statistics of reservoir space types of the Feixianguan Formation in the study area

空隙类型		特征
类	亚类	特征
孔隙	粒间溶孔	鲕粒、砾屑或砂屑之间形成的孔隙，多被溶蚀扩大，常见于颗粒云岩、鲕粒灰岩中
	粒内溶孔	颗粒内部被选择性地部分溶解而形成的孔隙，溶蚀孔隙形态不规则，部分被方解石、白云石充填，但留有部分的残余次生孔隙存在，孔隙直径小于颗粒直径，常见于颗粒云岩、鲕粒灰岩中
	晶间溶孔	白云石或方解石晶体之间被溶蚀扩大的孔隙，常见于细粉晶云岩、中细晶云岩、残余鲕粒云岩中
	晶间孔	晶粒云岩或晶粒灰岩中由晶体相互支撑形成的原生孔隙或晶间隙，呈三角形或多边形状，一般随着晶粒粒径的增大而增大，常见于晶粒云岩、晶粒灰岩中
	铸模孔	鲕粒、砂屑或生物(屑)被全部溶蚀而形成的孔隙，颗粒的外部形态、大小保存较好，一般呈圆形至次圆形，基本无充填, 常见于残余鲕粒云岩或溶孔鲕粒灰岩中
	非组构选择性溶孔	非组构选择性溶蚀岩石所形成的孔隙，可见于各类岩石
洞	溶洞	孔隙直径大于2mm的溶蚀孔，可见于各类岩石
裂缝	构造缝	由于切割力度不同而形成具多种形状的立缝、斜缝、网缝等，可见于各类岩石
	构造溶蚀缝	沿构造缝扩溶而形成，无沥青充填，以泥细粉晶灰岩、云岩为主，粒屑云岩为辅
	成岩缝	多充填泥质、沥青，见硅质充填，可见于各类岩石

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表 2 主成分分析数据指标

Table 2. Data indicators of principal component analysis

协方差矩阵参数	第一主成分	第二主成分	第三主成分
特征值	0.219 3	0.020 5	0.008 8
贡献率	0.882 0	0.082 5	0.035 5
特征向量	0.388 4	0.875 3	0.288 2
	0.666 2	-0.050 7	-0.744 0
	0.636 6	-0.481 0	0.602 8

下载: 导出CSV

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