江汉平原地下水中有机质季节变化对氮反应迁移的影响

许洁; 梁莹; 张振超; 姜雪; 马瑞

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0158

江汉平原地下水中有机质季节变化对氮反应迁移的影响

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0158

中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院长江流域环境水科学湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430078

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金项目 41722208

详细信息

作者简介:
许洁(1997—), 女, 现正攻读水文地质学硕士学位, 主要从事水文地球化学方向的研究工作。E-mail: 3296462565@qq.com

通讯作者:
马瑞(1979—), 女, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事水文地质学及水文地球化学的教学和科研工作。E-mail: rma@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P641.3
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- PDF下载量: 71
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-22
- 录用日期: 2022-05-20
- 修回日期: 2022-05-19

Effects of seasonal variation in organic matter in groundwater on reactive nitrogen transport in the Jianghan Plain

Hubei Key Laboratory of the Yangtze River Basin Environmental Water Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430078, China

摘要

摘要:
溶解性有机质(DOM)是地下水中生物地球化学过程的重要碳源。为阐明江汉平原地下水中DOM季节性变化对N迁移转化的影响, 选取江汉平原沙湖监测场作为研究区, 根据地下水、地表水长期水位和水化学监测数据, 进行水文地球化学分析, 联合三维荧光光谱和紫外可见光谱, 分析DOM季节性变化特征, 探究了水文条件影响下地下水中DOM季节变化在N迁移转化中的作用。研究结果表明: 研究区地下水和地表水中DOM包括3种组分: 陆源类腐殖酸(C1)、微生物源类色氨酸(C2)和微生物源类腐殖酸(C3)。枯水期微生物源类色氨酸组分输入增加, 丰水期陆源类腐殖酸组分输入增加。研究区地下水的强还原性和高溶解性有机碳(DOC)含量为硝酸盐的还原提供了条件, 低腐殖化、低分子量的C2组分在N迁移转化中优先被利用。枯水期, 地下水水位下降, 含水层偏氧化性, 不稳定的类蛋白组分快速降解释放NH₄-N, 硝化反应、有机氮矿化速率较高, 反硝化、硝酸盐异化还原为氨(DNRA)反应速率较低; 丰水期, 地下水水位上升, 含水层偏还原性, 硝化作用受到抑制, 大量不易被降解的DOM存在使含水层中有机氮矿化速率降低, 反硝化和DNRA过程被促进。综上所述, 研究区DOM季节性变化是控制地下水中N反应迁移的重要因素。
- 江汉平原 /
- 地下水 /
- 溶解性有机质 /
- 季节变化 /
- 氮
Abstract: Objective
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important carbon source in the biogeochemical process of groundwater.
Methods
To reveal the impact of the seasonal variation in DOM on the migration and transformation in groundwater on N in the Jianghan Plain, long-term water level and hydrochemical data of groundwater and surface water at the Shahu monitoring site were obtained, and the hydrogeochemistry analysis was carried out. The seasonal variation characteristics of DOM were analysed by combing with three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and UV-V is spectroscopy, to explore the role of DOM in groundwater in N migration and transformation under the influence of hydrological conditions.
Results
The results show that DOM in groundwater and surface water includes three components: terrestrial humic-like component (C1), microbial tryptophan-like component (C2) and microbial humic-like component (C3). The input of microbial tryptophan-like components increases in dry season and terrestrial humic-like components increase in wet season. The strong reducibility and high dissolved organic carbon(DOC) content of groundwater provide conditions for the nitrate reduction, and low humification and low molecular weight C2 components are preferentially utilized in N migration and transformation. In dry season, the groundwater level decreases, the aquifer is partial to oxidation, the unstable protein-like components quickly degrade and release NH₄-N, the nitrification and organic nitrogen mineralization rates are higher, and the denitrification and dissimilatory nitrite reduction to ammonium(DNRA) reaction rates are lower. In the wet season, the groundwater level rises, the aquifer tends to be reductive, and nitrification is inhibited. The presence of a large amount of DOM that is not easy to be degraded reduces the mineralization reaction rate of organic nitrogen in the aquifer, and the denitrification and DNRA processes are promoted.
Conclusion
In summary, the seasonal variation in DOM in the study area is an important factor in controlling the migration and transformation of N in groundwater.
- Jianghan Plain /
- groundwater /
- dissolved organic matter /
- seasonal variation /
- nitrogen
注释:

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图 1 研究区概况和采样点位置(a)和水文地质剖面图(b) (根据文献[26]修改)

Figure 1. Overview of the study area and location of the sampling sites (a), and hydrogeological profile (b)

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图 2 研究区地下水与地表水水位季节变化及降雨量分布(降水量数据来源于湖北省水文水资源中心网站)

Figure 2. Seasonal variation in groundwater and surface water levels, and rainfall distribution in the study area

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图 3 研究区地下水与地表水δ²H和δ¹⁸O分布图

Figure 3. Distribution of δ²H and δ¹⁸O of groundwater and surface water in the study area

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图 4 研究区地下水和地表水δ²H和δ¹⁸O季节变化图

Figure 4. Seasonal variation in δ²H and δ¹⁸O of groundwater and surface water in the study area

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图 5 研究区地下水和地表水中ρ(DOC)与ρ(DIN)的季节性变化

Figure 5. Seasonal variation in DOC and DIN in groundwater and surface water in the study area

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图 6 研究区枯、丰水期地下水中ρ(DOC)与ρ(NH₄-N)关系

Figure 6. Relationship between DOC and NH₄-N in groundwater during dry and wet seasons in the study area

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图 7 EEM-PARAFAC得到的DOM组分及其荧光特征(载荷值无单位)

Figure 7. Spectral characteristics of DOM components determined by EEM-PARAFAC

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图 8 研究区枯、丰水期地下水和地表水中DOM各组分相对含量

Figure 8. Relative content of the DOM components in groundwater and surface water during dry and wet seasons in the study area

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图 9 研究区地表水和地下水δ¹³C_DIC(a)与δ¹³C_DOC(b)变化图

Figure 9. Variation in δ¹³C_DIC (a) and δ¹³C_DOC (b) in surface water and groundwater in the study area

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图 10 研究区地下水中δ¹³C_DIC-δ¹³C_DOC与δ¹³C_DIC关系图

Figure 10. Relationship between δ¹³C_DIC-δ¹³C_DOC and δ¹³C_DIC in groundwater in the study area

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图 11 研究区地下水中NH₄-N浓度与光谱参数的关系(光谱参数无单位)

Figure 11. Relationship between NH₄-N concentration and spectral parameters in groundwater in the study area

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图 12 研究区地下水中不同形态N与DO和DOC关系

Figure 12. Relationship between different forms of N and DO and DOC in groundwater in the study area

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表 1 研究区地下水主要水化学指标统计

Table 1. Statistics of groundwater chemistry in the study area

指标	井深/m	枯水期	丰水期
指标	井深/m	最小值~最大值(平均值)	最小值~最大值(平均值)
pH	10	7.06~7.82(7.42)	6.41~7.63(7.01)
	25	7.22~8.07(7.60)	6.52~7.90(7.17)
	50	6.98~7.88(7.53)	6.37~7.76(7.16)
EC/(μS·cm^-1)	10	215.40~1 178.00(863.44)	204.70~1 568.00(1 041.57)
	25	141.10~1 002.00(694.91)	150.90~1 366.00(835.55)
	50	175.50~883.00(616.97)	194.70~1 157.00(750.39)
ORP/mV	10	-81.30~188.00(-18.50)	-169.70~131.80(-60.49)
	25	-127.90~188.80(-5.94)	-163.80~104.30(-53.74)
	50	-170.70~185.00(-15.18)	-166.20~104.50(-60.21)
DO	10	0.72~3.43(1.79)	0.05~2.93(0.84)
	25	0.69~5.48(2.24)	0.08~2.24(0.98)
	50	0.39~5.96(1.86)	0.22~1.97(0.83)
DOC	10	2.42~11.09(5.48)	2.11~9.81(5.42)
	25	1.87~18.64(4.43)	2.37~23.73(4.56)
	50	1.85~7.33(3.50)	1.52~6.15(3.47)
DIC ρ_B/(mg·L^-1)	10	26.58~145.88(68.03)	30.22~258.53(132.33)
	25	18.17~106.62(60.87)	43.03~173.68(104.66)
	50	15.86~92.37(52.85)	23.18~183.03(90.22)
Cl^-	10	6.75~63.26(21.96)	6.08~72.66(23.28)
	25	4.49~30.43(8.65)	2.85~29.50(8.11)
	50	4.23~93.11(15.76)	2.95~57.86(15.94)
SO₄^2-	10	0.00~41.05(7.40)	0.00~41.96(7.02)
	25	0.11~56.29(9.34)	0.00~49.70(10.56)
	50	0.00~38.58(7.44)	0.00~36.85(8.90)
S^2- ρ_B/(μg·L^-1)	10	1.00~54.00(16.59)	0.00~841.00(62.81)
	25	0.00~637.00(58.48)	0.00~67.00(14.63)
	50	0.00~772.00(75.44)	0.00~268.00(30.70)
K⁺	10	1.41~22.68(4.84)	0.85~18.14(3.23)
	25	1.36~63.37(8.24)	0.53~62.74(8.34)
	50	0.90~35.75(6.75)	0.82~35.28(5.95)
Na⁺	10	2.33~37.03(20.33)	2.24~39.07(21.59)
	25	1.42~35.47(18.96)	1.40~35.10(19.22)
	50	2.25~48.44(18.94)	2.27~54.33(19.52)
Ca²⁺	10	45.02~213.74(144.50)	38.91~251.47(158.37)
	25	31.39~187.15(124.58)	30.08~205.37(125.26)
	50	37.16~229.49(108.62)	37.12~208.88(109.97)
Mg²⁺	10	4.79~77.93(34.01)	4.01~79.32(35.83)
	25	2.31~33.01(23.11)	2.23~34.87(23.10)
	50	3.99~36.46(21.28)	4.00~34.67(21.27)
HCO₃^- ρ_B/(mg·L^-1)	10	167~1037(639)	119~1051(691)
	25	88~770(529)	98~742(539)
	50	123~782(463)	119~819(472)
Fe	10	0.83~26.20(6.38)	0.00~15.40(5.89)
	25	0.07~12.20(4.09)	0.05~9.66(3.96)
	50	0.35~7.65(4.12)	0.41~8.30(3.48)
Fe²⁺	10	0.04~14.90(4.30)	0.00~9.55(4.09)
	25	0.00~8.95(3.02)	0.00~7.45(1.90)
	50	0.01~6.60(2.96)	0.00~5.05(1.82)
NO₃-N	10	0.00~1.83(0.36)	0.00~2.15(0.17)
	25	0.00~1.24(0.26)	0.00~3.46(0.68)
	50	0.00~0.82(0.12)	0.00~3.03(0.84)
NO₂-N	10	0.00~0.10(0.02)	0.00~0.09(0.01)
	25	0.00~0.06(0.01)	0.00~0.05(0.02)
	50	0.00~0.10(0.02)	0.00~0.04(0.02)
NH₄-N ρ_B/(mg·L^-1)	10	0.19~9.35(3.39)	0.18~7.85(3.52)
	25	0.05~4.96(2.27)	0.04~4.78(2.14)
	50	0.04~5.45(2.49)	0.27~5.40(1.86)
δ¹⁸O/‰	10	-8.87~-5.65(-7.31)	-12.35~-5.77(-7.49)
	25	-11.22~-5.20(-7.78)	-9.53~-5.13(-7.26)
	50	-11.92~-4.46(-7.90)	-11.56~-4.76(-7.52)
δ²H/‰	10	-53.11~-37.44(-44.61)	-86.22~-32.98(-47.42)
	25	-74.07~-23.33(-46.81)	-64.88~-25.46(-44.58)
	50	-79.77~-33.12(-49.06)	-80.24~-24.29(-47.21)

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