隔档式构造区岩溶地下水流系统多级次嵌套结构的水化学识别

李雅依; 夏强; 许模; 曹聪

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0162

隔档式构造区岩溶地下水流系统多级次嵌套结构的水化学识别

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0162

李雅依^1,,
夏强^1, ,,
许模¹,
曹聪^{2, 3}

1.
成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室, 成都 610059
2.
重庆市地下水资源利用与环境保护实验室, 重庆 401147
3.
重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局南江水文地质工程地质队, 重庆 401147

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42072283

国家自然科学基金项目 41502237

详细信息

作者简介:
李雅依(1997—)，女，现正攻读地质工程专业硕士学位，主要从事区域地下水流系统方面研究工作。E-mail: yayi.l@qq.com

通讯作者:
夏强(1982—)，男，副教授，主要从事地下水科学与工程与数值模拟等研究工作。E-mail: xiaqiang2012@cdut.edu.cn

中图分类号: P641.134
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- 文章访问数: 454
- PDF下载量: 28
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-03
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-10

Hydrogeochemical indicators of hierarchically nested structure of karst groundwater flow systems in the ejective folds area

Li Yayi^1
,,
Xia Qiang^{1
, ,},
Xu Mo¹,
Cao Cong^{2, 3}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Geological Hazard Prevention and Geological Environmental Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2.
Chongqing Laboratory of Groundwater Resources Utilization and Environmental Protection, Chongqing 401147, China
3.
Nanjiang Hydrogeology Engineering Geology Team of Chongqing Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, Chongqing 401147, China

摘要

摘要:
川东隔档式构造区岩溶地下水流系统表现出多级次嵌套结构的特征, 之前主要是定性的水文地质条件分析, 缺乏来自水化学方面的量化依据。利用41个浅层和19个深层岩溶水样的水化学资料开展分析, 发现浅层岩溶水为HCO₃-Ca·Mg型,ρ(Mg²⁺)较低, 深层岩溶水为SO₄-Ca·Mg型且ρ(Mg²⁺)明显偏高, 说明地下水在岩溶含水层中的滞留时间与ρ(Mg²⁺)具有正变关系。对典型剖面地下水流系统的分析表明, 优先采用ρ(Mg²⁺)来评价地下水滞留时间, 将地下水排泄点ρ(Mg²⁺)小于20, 50 mg/L分别作为划分局部-中间、中间-区域水流系统的依据。浅层岩溶水受地貌作用控制明显, 其中浅切沟谷泉点为局部地下水流系统的排泄点, 深切沟谷泉点一般属于中间或区域流动系统的排泄点。ρ(Mg²⁺)反映了泉水循环的滞留时间, 也能够反映钻孔所揭露的深循环特征。这种水化学识别方法可为相似岩溶区识别地下水流系统的多级次嵌套结构提供参考。
- 隔档式构造 /
- 地下水年龄 /
- 水化学识别 /
- 地下水流系统 /
- 多级次嵌套结构
Abstract:
The karst groundwater flow system in the ejective folds area in the eastern Sichuan Basin shows the characteristics of a hierarchically nested structure. However, previous studies were mainly focused on hydrogeological conditions analysis, lacking qualitative evidence directly from hydrochemistry. In this study, the authors collected and sorted the chemistry data of representative karst springs and boreholes in the study area, namely, 41 shallow karst waters and 19 deep ones. The Pipper chart shows that the shallow karst water is HCO₃-Ca·Mg and low Mg²⁺ concentration, while the deep karst water is SO₄-Ca·Mg and high Mg²⁺ concentration. For both shallow and deep karst groundwater, the analysis of the groundwater flow system of a typical profile shows that the Mg²⁺ concentration value can be used to evaluate the groundwater residence time. The shallow karst groundwater system is highly controlled by geomorphology, among which the shallow incised valley springs are the discharge points of the local groundwater flow system. However, springs in deep gullies correspond to intermediate or even regional flow systems. This pattern is verified by the groundwater residence time evaluation from the Mg²⁺ concentration, which also reflects the movement characteristics of deep-circulation groundwater flow revealed by hot springs and boreholes.The hydrochemical characteristics can effectively indicate the pattern of groundwater flow systems. This paper provides a reference for identifying the hierarchically nested structure of groundwater flow systems in similar karst areas.
- ejective folds /
- groundwater age /
- hydrochemical identification /
- groundwater flow system /
- hierarchically nested structure

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图 1 研究区水文地质简图

T₁j-T₂l.嘉陵江组-雷口坡组；T₃xj.须家河组

Figure 1. Hydrogeological map of the study area

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图 2 研究区水化学Piper三线图

Figure 2. Piper trilinear chart of the chemical composition of groundwater

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图 3 地下水样主要离子成分柱状图

Figure 3. Histogram of the main ion composition

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图 4 康龙洞-三鱼石地下水流动系统划分

1.浅循环系统；2.深循环系统；3.浅层岩溶冷泉；4.局部水流方向；5.中间和区域水流方向；6大气降雨；7.流动系统划分界线；8.天然温泉；9.ρ(Mg²⁺)(mg/L)值；10.深循环地下水水温

Figure 4. Cross-section of the groundwater flow system from Kanglong Cave to Sanyushi hot spring

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图 5 铜锣山北段地下水流系统划分

1.浅循环系统；2.中间循环系统; 3.深循环系统；4.浅层岩溶冷泉；5.局部水流方向；6.中间和区域水流方向；7大气降雨；8.流动系统划分界线；9.天然温泉；10.ρ(Mg²⁺)(mg/L)值；11.深循环地下水水温

Figure 5. Cross-section of the northern section of Tongluo Mountain

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图 6 中梁山中段浅循环地下水流动系统划分

1.浅循环系统；2.中间循环系统；3.浅层岩溶冷泉；4.局部水流方向；5.中间和区域水流方向；6.大气降雨；7.流动系统划分界线；8.ρ(Mg²⁺)(mg/L)值

Figure 6. Cross-section of shallow groundwater of the middle section of Zhongliang Mountain

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图 7 中梁山南段深层地下水流方向示意图

1.浅循环系统；2.深循环系统；3.中间和区域水流方向；4.大气降雨；5.流动系统划分界线；6.ρ(Mg²⁺)(mg/L)值; 7.钻孔; 8.砂岩; 9.灰岩; 10.深循环地下水水温

Figure 7. Schematic of the deep groundwater flow system under the southern Zhongliang Mountain

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图 8 长江-花溪河河间地块地下水流系统划分

1.浅循环系统；2.深循环系统；3.局部水流方向; 4.中间、区域水流方向；5.大气降雨；6.流动系统划分界线；7.天然温泉; 8.ρ(Mg²⁺)(mg/L)值; 9.深循环地下水水温

Figure 8. Cross-section of the terrain between the Yangtze River and Huaxi River

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图 9 浅循环地下水与深循环地下水Mg/Ca值对比图

Figure 9. Comparison of Mg/Ca values of shallow and deep circulating groundwater

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