河套盆地吉兰泰构造带狼山分支断层活动特征及其控藏作用

刘滨莹; 张宏伟; 王芳; 王鹏; 郭增虎; 刘东民; 王雷; 万照飞

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0173

河套盆地吉兰泰构造带狼山分支断层活动特征及其控藏作用

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0173

中国石油东方地球物理公司研究院地质研究中心, 河北涿州 072750

详细信息

作者简介:
刘滨莹(1992—)，女，工程师，主要从事地震资料解释及综合研究工作。E-mail: 13339392630@163.com

中图分类号: P618.13
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- 文章访问数: 618
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-15

Activity characteristics of Langshan Branch Fault in Jartai Structural Belt, Hetao Basin and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation

BGP Geological Research, CNPC, Zhuozhou Hebei 072750, China

摘要

摘要:
狼山分支断层是控制河套盆地吉兰泰构造带的主要断层，多口油气高产井油气成藏均与该断层形成演化关系密切。应用三维地震资料及钻井资料对狼山分支断层几何学特征、运动特征进行剖析，根据断距、断层产状变化，将狼山分支断层分为北、中、南3段；以反转断层理论为基础，明确断层反转类型及期次；采用地层趋势法建模，钻井声波时差点控校正法计算断层上下盘地层原始厚度，恢复断层古断距，总结出正断层、逆断层及负反转3类生长断层的6种不同的计算方法，分别定量计算不同沉积时期断层各段的活动速率。对断层北、中、南3段断层活动特征开展定量评价，根据平衡剖面对比及活动速率分析，认为狼山分支断层经历4个演化阶段，发育初期为3条倾向、走向不同的"孤立"断层；早白垩世李三沟组沉积时期分段逆冲，断层北段与中段"软连接"；固阳组沉积时期各段逆断层均反转为正断层；古近纪至新近纪强烈伸展，断层北段与中段"硬连接"为1条断层；新近纪晚期至第四纪局部走滑扭动，断层3段正式连锁成为现今的连通大断层。断层在不同历史时期的活动对于上下盘沉积体系发育、圈闭形成与演化以及油气的运聚与成藏均有明显的控制作用。
- 狼山分支断层 /
- 几何学 /
- 负反转 /
- 断层活动速率 /
- 分段演化 /
- 油气成藏
Abstract:
Langshan Branch Fault is the dominant fault controlling Jartai Structural Belt in Hetao Basin and the hydrocarbon accumulation of many high-capacity oil-gas wells has close evolutional relationship with the formation of the fault. The geometric characteristics and motion characteristics of Langshan Branch Fault were analyzed based on 3D seismic data and well-drilling data. According to the changes in fault displacement, and occurrence of the fault, Langshan Branch Fault was divided into three sections: north section, middle section and south section. Based on reverse fault theory, the inversion types and stages of the fault were made clear. A model was established with the method of formation tendency. and the drilling well sound wave time-difference point-control correction method was adopted to calculate the original thickness of the stratum of the hanging wall and the footwall and recover the ancient fault displacement of the fault, 6 different calculation methods were summarized for three kinds of growth faults including the normal fault, the reverse fault and the negative inversion to quantify and calculate the activity rate of each fault section in different depositional stages. The quantitative evaluation of the activity characteristics of the faults at north section, middle section and south section was carried out. Based on the comparison of the balanced cross-sections and analysis of the activity rate, it was deemed that Langshan Branch Fault experienced four evolution stages. There were three "isolated" faults with different trends and strikes in the early stage of development. In the depositional stage of the Lisangou Formation in the Early Cretaceous, the sectionalized thrusting existed and the north section and the middle section of the fault were flexibly connected. In the depositional stage of Guyang Formation, all thrust faults in the sections were reversed into the normal faults. It was strongly extended from the Paleogene to the Neogene, and the northern section and the middle section of the fault were hard-connected as a whole fault. From Late Neogene to the Quaternary, the fault underwent the local strike-slip twist, and these three sections of the fault were formally linked into the present connected fault. The activity of this fault in different historical stages obviously controlled the development of the sedimentary system of both the hanging wall and the footwall, the formation and evolution of traps, and the migration and accumulation of oil and gas.
- Langshan Branch Fault /
- geometry /
- negative inversion /
- fault activity rate /
- sectionalized evolution /
- hydrocarbon accumulation

HTML全文

图 1 河套盆地临河坳陷构造位置图(a)、吉兰泰构造带构造纲要图(b)和地层综合柱状图(c)

1. 杂色砾岩; 2. 棕色砂砾岩; 3. 灰色砂砾岩; 4. 砂砾岩; 5. 棕黄色砂砾岩; 6. 灰色砂岩; 7. 灰色粉砂岩; 8. 棕红色泥质砂岩; 9. 灰色泥岩; 10. 棕红色泥岩; 11. 紫红色泥岩; 12. 灰色片麻岩; 13. 油气显示

Figure 1. Structural location map of Linhe Depression, Hetao Basin (a), structure outline map of Jartai Structral Belt (b), and comprehensive bar graph of the stratum (c)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 吉兰泰三维区测线T5310(a)、T5097(b)、T4856(c)、T4676(d)地震解释剖面图(剖面位置见图 1b)及断面埋深三维立体图(e)

Ar. 乌拉山群；K₁l. 李沟组；K₁g. 固阳组；E₂l. 临河组；N₁w. 五原组；N₂wl. 乌兰图克组

Figure 2. Survey line of Jartai 3D area Trace 5310 (a), Trace 5097 (b), Trace 4856 (c), Trace 4676 (d) seismic interpretatin profile(see Fig. 1-b for the location of the profile) and three dimensional diagram of bunied depth of the section (e)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 声波时差法恢复JH5井、JH40井剥蚀量

Figure 3. Denudation in Well JH5 and JH40 recovered with the sound wave time difference method

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 吉兰泰构造带构造抬升期剥蚀厚度图(a)及挤压逆冲期剥蚀厚度图(b)

Figure 4. Denudation thickness map of Jartai Structureal Belt in the structural uplift stage (a) and denudation thickness map of Jartai Structural Belt in the extrusion and thrusting stage (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同类型断层示意图(a~f)及各沉积时期活动速率计算结果及其剖面在古近系底面构造图对应位置(g)

Figure 5. Sketch maps of the faults of different types (a-f) and computing results of activity rate in different depositional stages and their corresponding positions of the profiles in the sole structure map in the Paleogene(g)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 狼山分支断层各沉积期断层演化模式图及北、中、南段构造演化剖面(平面位置见图 1中A-A′、B-B′、D-D′)

Figure 6. Evolutionary pattern chart of Langshan Branch Fault in different depositional stages and structural evolution profiles of north section, middle section and south section (see Fig. 1 A-A′, B-B′ and D-D′ for the general location

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 狼山分支断层活动与圈闭形成、沉积演化及油气成藏关系模式

Figure 7. Relation scheme of activities of Langshan Branch Fault and formation of the trap, depositional evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 沿狼山分支断层走向剖面与其对应位置固阳组沉积时期断层活动速率图(剖面位置见图 1中E-E′)

Figure 8. Profile of the strike along Langshan Branch Fault activity rate diagram along the strike of Langshan Branch Fault and its corresponding position in Guyang Formation during the depositional stage

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 新近纪(a)及第四纪(b)油藏剖面图

Figure 9. Profile of oil reservoir in Neogene (a) and Quaternary (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 油气分布及其与成藏期狼山分支断层活动速率对照图

Figure 10. Oil distribution and its comparison diagram with the activity rate of Langshan Branch Fault during the hydrocarbon accumulation stage

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 吉兰泰地区已钻井剥蚀厚度恢复结果

Table 1. Recovered results of the denudation thickness of the drilled well in Jartai area

井名	JH5	JHZK5	JH1-2	JH2x	JH3x	JH40	JH36x
剥蚀厚度/m	580	1 060	920	610	180	750	220

下载: 导出CSV

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