岩溶碳循环及碳汇效应研究与展望

章程; 肖琼; 孙平安; 高旭波; 郭永丽; 苗迎; 汪进良

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0193

岩溶碳循环及碳汇效应研究与展望

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0193

章程^{1, 2,},
肖琼^{1, 2},
孙平安^{1, 2},
高旭波³,
郭永丽^{1, 2},
苗迎^{1, 2},
汪进良^{1, 2}

1.
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004
2.
联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心, 广西桂林 541004
3.
中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 武汉 430078

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2020YFE0204700

科技部援外项目 KY201802009

广西重点基金项目 2018JJD150024

中国地质调查局基本业务费 2021001

详细信息

作者简介:
章程(1965—), 男, 研究员, 博士生导师, 主要从事岩溶水文地质、碳循环与全球变化研究工作。E-mail: zhangcheng@mail.cgs.gov.cn

中图分类号: P641.134
计量
- 文章访问数: 1257
- PDF下载量: 172
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-10

Progress on karst carbon cycle and carbon sink effect study and perspective

Zhang Cheng^{1, 2
,},
Xiao Qiong^{1, 2},
Sun Ping′an^{1, 2},
Gao Xubo³,
Guo Yongli^{1, 2},
Miao Ying^{1, 2},
Wang Jinliang^{1, 2}

1.
Karst Dynamics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin Guangxi 541004, China
2.
International Research Center on Karst Under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin Guangxi 541004, China
3.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430078, China

摘要

摘要:
碳酸盐岩风化是全球碳循环的重要组成部分, 具有大气与土壤CO₂汇效应, 受生态系统因子驱动与全球变化影响, 岩溶地区碳汇具有地表和地下双碳汇特征。简要介绍岩溶碳循环与全球变化关系, 论述岩溶碳汇的相关科学问题和主要进展, 分析岩溶增汇潜力与土地利用变化, 进一步提出基于岩溶关键带理念的碳酸盐岩风化过程概念模型。碳酸盐岩风化产生的碳汇可能是全球碳循环"遗漏碳汇"的贡献者, 同时具有缓解土壤CO₂向大气释放的作用, 进而成为全球碳循环模型中"土地利用变化项"(E_LUC)的重要调节者(减源效应)。碳酸盐岩风化过程能快速响应短时间尺度变化环境因子, 是岩溶关键带中连接生物、水文与地球化学过程的核心驱动机制。岩溶碳循环可理解为是土壤-生态系统碳循环的延伸或横向组成部分, 共同组成岩溶地区完整的陆地浅表层碳循环系统。碳酸盐岩风化对大气CO₂浓度上升的负反馈效应, 石漠化治理与生态修复工程的持续推进, 蕴藏着巨大的岩溶固碳增汇潜力。应加强土壤CO₂季节及其区域变化监测与研究, 构建基于土壤CO₂与流域水化学指标相关性的反向模型, 为估算区域碳汇本底、评估年际碳汇增量与潜力提供更加清晰且有效的岩溶增汇方案与途径。
- 岩溶碳循环 /
- 碳汇效应 /
- 减源 /
- 反向模型 /
- 增汇潜力 /
- 碳酸盐岩风化 /
- 岩溶关键带
Abstract:
Carbonate weathering is an important part of the global carbon cycle, acts as an atmospheric and soil CO₂ sink. Driven by ecosystem factors and affected by global change, carbon sinks in karst areas have the characteristics of surface and underground carbon sinks.This work briefly introduces the relationship between the karst carbon cycle and global change, discusses the related scientific issues and main progress of karst carbon sinks, analyzes the potential of karst sink increases and land use changes, and further proposes a conceptual model of carbonate weathering processes based on the concept of karst critical zones.Carbon sink generated by weathering of carbonate rocks may contribute to the "missing sink" of the global carbon cycle and play a role in mitigating the release of soil CO₂ to the atmosphere, thus becoming an important regulator of the item of "land use change" (E_LUC) in the global carbon cycle model.The carbonate weathering process responds quickly to short-time scale environmental factors, which is the core driving mechanism that connects biological, hydrological, as well as geochemical processes in karst critical zones.The karst carbon cycle can be regarded as an extension or lateral component of the soil-ecosystem carbon cycle, which together constitute a complete terrestrial shallow surface carbon cycle system in karst areas.The negative feedback effect of carbonate weathering on the increase of atmospheric CO₂ concentration and the continuous promotion of rock desertification control and ecological restoration contain huge potential for karst carbon sequestration and sink increase.The monitoring and research on seasonal and regional variations in soil CO₂ should be strengthened, and an inverse model based on the correlation between soil CO₂ and the watershed hydrochemistry index should be constructed to estimate the background of the regional carbon sink and evaluate the annual carbon sink increment and potential, thus providing a clearer and effective scheme and approach for karst sink increase.
- karst carbon cycle /
- carbon sink effect /
- source reduction /
- reverse model /
- sink increase potential /
- carbonate weathering /
- karst critizal zone

HTML全文

图 1 岩溶系统碳循环与碳收支模式

蓝线箭头代表大气CO₂随雨水进入岩溶系统的3种主要途径：落水洞或裸露岩面裂隙(1)、土壤入渗(2)、外源水(3)；蓝色虚线+绿色粗箭头代表含CO₂水体溶蚀碳酸盐岩形成HCO₃^-过程，最终汇入含水层下部管道流(4)；Rs、RCO₃、E_LUC、S_CRD分别代表土壤呼吸、碳酸盐岩、土地利用变化CO₂排放和碳酸盐岩溶蚀吸收CO₂；碳酸盐岩溶蚀吸收CO₂比例占土壤呼吸CO₂的5%~29%^{[3, 36]}，CO₂脱气主要发生在地下水或泉转化为地表水的出口河段^[37-38]；S_KIC为岩溶水体无机碳汇，AOC代表水生光合转化DIC生成的内源有机碳，RDOC代表相对稳定的惰性有机碳^[39-40]，即岩溶有机碳汇

Figure 1. Carbon cycle and carbon budget in karst systems

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 生态系统控制的碳酸盐岩风化过程

Figure 2. Carbonate weathering processes controlled by the ecosystem

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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