东亚季风区石笋<i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O解译：基于夏季风与夏季风降雨的思考

殷建军

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0201

东亚季风区石笋δ¹⁸O解译：基于夏季风与夏季风降雨的思考

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0201

殷建军

中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004

基金项目:

中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费项目 2021002

中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费项目 2020006

详细信息

作者简介:
殷建军(1985—)，男，副研究员，主要从事岩溶环境与全球变化研究工作。E-mail: jianjunyin@foxmail.com

中图分类号: P642.254;P426.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-09
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-10

Interpretation of stalagmite δ¹⁸O in East Asian summer monsoon region: Based on the relationship between summer monsoon and summer monsoon rainfall

Yin Jianjun

Karst Dynamics Key Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin Guangxi 541004, China

摘要

摘要:
近些年，对于东亚季风区石笋δ¹⁸O的气候环境指示意义的争论较多，主要在东亚季风区石笋δ¹⁸O代表夏季和风强度、夏季风降水还是水汽源变化。基于中国东部华北地区降水与长江中下游地区降水反相变化和长江中下游地区降水与菲律宾海降水反相变化(遥相关)，从年际-年代际到千年-轨道尺度对石笋δ¹⁸O与夏季风降水、厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)的相互关系进行了探讨分析。通过对比石笋δ¹⁸O记录与华北和梅雨区降水，发现石笋δ¹⁸O偏负对应华北降水增加，梅雨区降水减少；石笋δ¹⁸O偏正对应华北降水减少，梅雨区降水增加。这种对应关系不仅存在年际-年代际尺度，而且在千年-轨道尺度同样存在，石笋δ¹⁸O不仅反映夏季风强弱变化，同时与中国东部区域降水关系是明确对应的。通过降水的空间相互关系，发现ENSO活动主要通过影响中国东部降水的空间分布格局而作用于石笋δ¹⁸O。La Niña态导致南海及菲律宾海对流加强，西太副高位置偏北，长江中下游地区梅雨期缩短，华北夏季降水增加，东亚季风区石笋δ¹⁸O偏负。El Niño态，南海和菲律宾海对流受到抑制，西太副高位置南移，长江中下游地区梅雨期延长，华北夏季降水减少，东亚季风区石笋δ¹⁸O偏正。另外，水汽源分析发现，菲律宾海水汽输送对东亚季风区降水及降水δ¹⁸O贡献相对较小。因此，综合分析认为，东亚季风区石笋δ¹⁸O主要反映了亚洲夏季风的强弱变化。
- 石笋δ¹⁸O /
- 东亚季风区 /
- 夏季风 /
- 厄尔尼诺-南方涛动指数(ENSO) /
- 梅雨区 /
- 菲律宾海
Abstract:
The climate significance of stalagmiteδ¹⁸O values from the East Asian monsoon region are still under much debated during the past years. The bone of contention focuses on whether the stalagmiteδ¹⁸O can reflect the summer monsoon intensity or summer monsoon rainfall, either reflecting the vapor source variation. To better understand the significance of stalagmiteδ¹⁸O in this region, This study analyses the relationship between stalagmiteδ¹⁸O, summer monsoon rainfall and El Niño-Southern oscillation (ENSO) activity from the interannual-decadal timescale to the millennial-orbital timescale. This work is based on the anti-phase relationship between North China rainfall and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the East Asia/Pacific (EAP) teleconnection. The results show that the more depleted stalagmiteδ¹⁸O corresponds to higher rainfall in North China and lower rainfall in the Meiyu area, and more enriched stalagmiteδ¹⁸O corresponds to lower rainfall in North China and higher rainfall in the Meiyu area. This relationship is found not only on interannual to decadal timescales but also on millennial to orbital timescales. Therefore, the stalagmiteδ¹⁸O could reflect the summer monsoon intensity and shows a consistent relationship with rainfall in East China. We also found that stalagmiteδ¹⁸O influenced by ENSO only occurred in the rainfall regime in East China, and the effect on stalagmiteδ¹⁸O by the convective activity in the source area induced by ENSO activity was neglected. For example, in the La Niña state, the convective activity in the South China Sea and the Philippine Sea is enhanced, the position of the West Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) is farther north, the Meiyu rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of theYangtze River is shortened, the summer rainfall in North China is prolonged, and stalagmiteδ¹⁸O is depleted. In the El Niño state, the convective activity in the South China Sea and the Philippine Sea is depressed, the position of the West Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) is farther south, the Meiyu rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is prolonged, and the summer rainfall in North China is shortened, and stalagmiteδ¹⁸O is enriched. In addition, the vapor source analysis indicates that the vapor transport from the Philippine Sea has a minor influence on the stalagmiteδ¹⁸O in the East Asian summer monsoon region. Finally, we conclude that the stalagmiteδ¹⁸O in the East Asian summer monsoon region is an East Asian summer monsoon intensity proxy.
- stalagmite δ¹⁸O /
- East Asian monsoon region /
- summer monsoon /
- ENSO /
- Meiyu area /
- Philippine Sea

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图 1 研究点和区域分布图

浅蓝色线为1971-2010年夏季整层水汽通量流线，和尚洞和石花洞为石笋研究洞穴，ECMZ为东海大陆架钻孔位置，MD06-3052和MD06-3054为海洋钻孔位置。两红色方框分别为梅雨区27.5°N~32.5°N, 105°E~120°E和菲律宾海10°N~20°N, 115°E~150°E

Figure 1. Distribution map of the studied sites and areas

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图 2 北京石花洞XMG-1^[15]和和尚洞HS-4石笋δ¹⁸O^[14]及PC1值与东亚夏季风指数(EASMI)^[12]和南方涛动指数(SOI)对比(黄色条带突出共同的变化阶段)

Figure 2. Comparison of the PC1 of δ¹⁸O of stalagmite XMG-1 from Shihua Cave, Beijing and stalagmite HS-4 from Heshang Cave, Hubei Province, EASMI and SOI

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图 3 湖北清江和尚洞HS-4石笋δ¹⁸O^[14]、ECMZ钻孔黑炭重建的长江流域野火历史^[16]、TraCE-21 ka模拟的梅雨区和菲律宾海年均降水^[20]、MD06-3052钻孔综合化学风化强度指标^[18]和东西热带太平洋海平面温度梯度变化^[21]对比

Figure 3. Comparison of stalagmite δ¹⁸O of HS-4 from Heshang Cave, black carbon from core ECMZ, the Meiyu area and Philippine Sea precipitation simulated by the model of TraCE-21 ka, reconstructed weathering intensity from core MD06-3052 and West-East Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature difference

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图 4 东亚夏季风指数与菲律宾海夏季OLR对比(a)和梅雨区(27.5°N~32.5°N, 105°E~120°E)夏季降水与菲律宾海(陆地)10°N~20°N, 115°E~150°E)夏季降水对比(b)

Figure 4. Comparison of the EASMI and summer OLR of the Philippine sea (a), and comparison of summer rainfall between the Meiyu area and the Philippine Sea (b)

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