基于深度生成模型的河道砂建模方法

高小洋; 何文祥; 胡勇

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0208

基于深度生成模型的河道砂建模方法

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.2022.0208

高小洋^{a, b,},
何文祥^{a, b},
胡勇^{a, b, ,}

a.
长江大学资源与环境学院, 武汉 430100
b.
长江大学油气地球化学与环境湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430100

详细信息

作者简介:
高小洋(1995-), 男, 现正攻读矿产普查与勘探专业博士学位, 主要从事地球化学和人工智能地质建模研究工作。E-mail: 18734311896@163.com

通讯作者:
胡勇(1980-), 男, 副教授, 主要从事油藏沉积学和地质建模研究工作。E-mail: 64421847@qq.com

中图分类号: P628
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- 文章访问数: 913
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-01

A modeling method of channel sand based on deep generation models

Gao Xiaoyang^{a, b
,},
He Wenxiang^{a, b},
Hu Yong^{a, b
, ,}

a.
College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
b.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China

摘要

摘要:
在传统的河道砂体建模方法中，基于目标建模的方法难以条件化，多点地质统计学难以再现连续河道砂体的形态，导致建模成果难以直接应用于油田生产。深度生成模型通过深度学习，可以生成足够精确的河道砂体模型，能再现复杂的河道砂体形态，很好地满足井点条件，弥补了传统建模算法的不足。在建模过程中，首先基于目标模拟方法与计算机匹配操作建立了20 000个河道砂体模型与对应的条件集，并结合变分自编码（VAE）与生成对抗网络（GAN）的理论，建立深度生成模型，其中包括分类器、编码器、解码器与判别器。将条件数据与真实模型输入深度生成模型中得到对应的河道砂体模型，通过大量的训练建立了可以生成满足井点条件的河道砂体的生成器，最后将井点数据输入生成器中建立相应的河道砂体模型。研究结果表明，深度生成模型建模算法与传统建模算法相比不仅展现出了连续、清晰的河道砂体，并且在给定的条件下可以生成多个河道砂体模型。该建模方法克服了传统河道砂建模方法的不足，为河道砂体储层建模提供了新的解决思路，建立的河道模型可为油田开发提供参考。
- 人工智能 /
- 深度生成模型 /
- 储层建模 /
- 河道砂体
Abstract:
In traditional channel sand body modeling methods, the method based on target modeling is difficult to condition, and multipoint geostatistics have difficulty reproducing the shape of continuous channel sand bodies, which makes the modeling results difficult to directly apply to oilfield production. Through depth learning, the depth generation model can generate a sufficiently accurate channel sand body model, reproduce the complex channel sand body shape, meet the well point conditions, and compensate for the shortcomings of the traditional modeling algorithm. In the process of modeling, 20 000 channel sand body models and corresponding condition sets are established based on the target simulation method and computer matching operation. Combined with the theory of variational autoencoders (VAE) and generative adversarial networks (GAN), a depth generation model is established, including a classifier, encoder, decoder and discriminator. The condition data and the real model are input into the depth generation model to obtain the corresponding channel sand body model. Through extensive training, a generator that can generate channel sand bodies that meet the well point conditions is established. Finally, the well point data are input into the generator to establish the corresponding channel sand body model. The results show that compared with the traditional modeling algorithm, the depth generation model modeling algorithm not only shows a continuous and clear channel sand body but can also generate multiple channel sand body models under given conditions. This modeling method overcomes the shortcomings of traditional channel sand modeling methods and provides a new solution for channel sand reservoir modeling. The established channel model can provide a reference for the oilfield development stage.
- artificial intelligence /
- deep generation model /
- reservoir modeling /
- channel sand body

HTML全文

图 1 VAE结构图(实线表示生成模型，虚线表示变分近似)

z.隐变量；x.可观测量；Ф.变分近似的相关参数；θ.生成模型的相关参数；N.样本数

Figure 1. VAE structural diagram

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图 2 GAN结构图

Figure 2. GAN structural diagram

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图 3 深度生成模型训练过程

Figure 3. Training process of the deep generative model

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图 4 随机生成的河道砂体模型数据集(此处只显示了16个模型的数据)

Figure 4. Randomly generated data set of channel sand body model

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图 5 输入训练的条件集

Figure 5. Condition set of input training

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图 6 用于测试的井点图

Figure 6. Well point diagram for testing

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图 7 条件数据与河道模型通过one_hot特征进行连接

Figure 7. Conditional data and channel model are connected through one_hot features

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图 8 编码器E与解码器G的结构图

Figure 8. Structural diagram of Encoder E and Decoder G

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图 9 分类器C1、C2损失函数变化曲线

Figure 9. Variation curve of loss function of the classifier C1, C2

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图 10 深度生成模型损失函数

Figure 10. Loss function of the deep generative model

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图 11 训练精度(a)和测试精度(b)变化曲线

Figure 11. Change curve of training accuracy (a) and testing accuracy (b)

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图 12 生成的模型

Figure 12. Generated model

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图 13 训练不同的迭代次数生成的河道砂体模型

Figure 13. Training different numbers of epochs to generate the channel sand body model

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图 14 VAE生成的河道砂体模型

Figure 14. Channel sand body model generated by the VAE

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图 15 基于目标模拟生成的河道砂体模型

Figure 15. Channel model generated based on target simulation

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图 16 多点统计生成的河道砂体模型

Figure 16. Channel sand body model generated by multipoint statistics

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