Quantitative well logging evaluation of diagenetic facies of deep and ultra deep tight sandstone reservoirs: A case study of Bozi-Dabei area in Kuqa Depression
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摘要:
博孜-大北地区巴什基奇克组为深层、超深层致密砂岩储层, 岩性致密, 亟需揭示储层品质主控因素, 建立相配套的有利储层测井评价方法。为单井定量评价其成岩相, 充分利用岩心、常规薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜等资料, 对博孜-大北地区巴什基奇克组致密储层的岩石学、物性、成岩作用类型和强度、成岩矿物等特征进行了研究, 并在视压实率、视胶结率、溶蚀孔隙含量和成岩综合系数等参数定量计算的基础上, 根据成岩作用强度及其组合特征对储层成岩相分类命名, 划分出中等压实弱溶蚀相、碳酸盐胶结相及压实致密相等不同的成岩相类型。通过薄片等资料与测井资料拟合分析, 建立了成岩综合系数
C g的测井计算模型, 以及定量识别储层成岩相的方法。对X1、Y1等井的测井资料进行了处理, 并通过识别结果与物性分析、铸体薄片等的匹配关系, 验证了方法模型的可靠性。成岩相测井定量表征方法的建立可为有利储层预测提供指导。Abstract:Bashijiqike Formation in Bozi-Dabei area develops deep and ultra deep tight sandstone reservoirs. It is urgent to reveal the main controlling factors of reservoir quality and establish a matching well logging evaluation method for high quality reservoirs. In order to quantitatively evaluate the diagenetic facies, based on the data of core, thin section, cast thin section and scanning electron microscope and etc., the petrology, physical properties, diagenesis types and intensity, diagenetic minerals and other characteristics of the tight reservoir of Bashijiqike Formation in Bozi-Dabei area were studied. Based on quantitative calculation of ompaction rate, cementation rate, dissolution pore content and comprehensive diagenetic coefficient, the diagenetic facies were classified according to characteristics of diagenesis intensity and its combination. The reservoirs can be divided into three types of diagenetic facies, i.e., medium compaction weak dissolution facies, carbonate cemented facies and compaction dense facies. Through the fitting analysis of thin section data and well logging data, the well logging calculation model of diagenetic comprehensive coefficient
C g was established, and the method of quantitative identification of reservoir diagenetic facies were established. The well logging data of Well X1, Well Y1 and etc were processed.The reliability of the model was verified by matching the identification results with physical property analysis and casting thin section. The establishment of well logging quantitative characterization method of diagenetic facies can provide guidance for "sweet spot" prediction. -
图 1 库车坳陷博孜-大北地区构造区划及研究区构造图(据文献[9]修改)
Figure 1. Top structural map of Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Bozi-Dabei area, Kuqa Depression
图 3 巴什基奇克组储层镜下成岩特征
a.中粒长石岩屑砂岩,箭头指向岩屑、石英及长石颗粒,长石、岩屑具溶蚀特征,方解石胶结染色,Y1井,4 846.76 m;b.中细粒岩屑长石砂岩,箭头指向粒间充填的方解石胶结物、岩屑及石英颗粒,X3井,6 795.66 m;c.原生粒间孔发育,颗粒以点-线接触为主,箭头指向原生粒间孔及粒间溶孔,X4井,8 083.12 m;d.原生粒间孔发育,以点-线接触为主,具有少量溶蚀,箭头指向粒间溶孔及粒内溶孔,X1井,7 689.91 m;e.原生粒间孔,粒间溶孔,另有1条微裂缝贯穿整个视域,部分被铁方解石充填,箭头指向粒间溶孔及微裂缝,Y2井,6 349.34 m;f.石英次生加大显著,胶结致密,见粒内溶孔,箭头指向石英次生加大及粒内溶孔,Y3井, 5 174.42 m
Figure 3. Photomicrographs showing the microscopic diagenetic features of Bashijiqike Formation reservoirs
图 5 博孜9井巴什基奇克组孔隙演化与热埋藏史配置图(据文献[12]修改)
Figure 5. Pore evolution and thermal burial history of Bashijiqike Formation in Well 9 of Bozi
图 7 巴什基奇克组储层成岩相铸体薄片特征
a.极细砂与细砂混杂、线-点接触,可见孔隙极少,视压实率=82.5%,视胶结率=91.8%,溶蚀孔体积分数=0.4%,Cg=0.47%,压实致密相,X1井,7 686.68 m;b.方解石胶结致密,视压实率=71.25%,视胶结率=95.65%,溶蚀孔体积分数=1.6%,Cg=0.89%,碳酸盐胶结相,X5井,6 253.2 m;c.颗粒点-线接触,压实作用中等,胶结作用弱,另有少量粒间溶孔,视压实率=74.5%,视胶结率=35.3%,溶蚀孔体积分数=1.3%,Cg=4.3%,中等压实弱胶结相,X4井,8 079.14 m;d.颗粒点-线接触,压实作用中等,胶结作用弱,另有少量粒间及粒内溶孔,视压实率=72.9%,视胶结率=28.5%,溶蚀孔体积分数=2.4%,Cg=4.6%,中等压实弱胶结相,X4井,8 083.12 m
Figure 7. Cast thin section characteristics of diagenetic facies in Bashijiqike Formation
表 1 博孜-大北地区成岩相划分
Table 1. Division of diagenetic facies of Bozi-Dabei area
成岩相 镜下特征 视压实率/% 视胶结率/% 溶蚀孔体积分数/% 成岩综合系数Cg/% 压实致密相 颗粒粒度细或泥沙混杂,可见孔隙极少 > 75 > 60 < 0.5 < 0.5 碳酸盐胶结相 方解石和白云石胶结粒间孔 < 75 > 75 < 0.5 [0.5, 1] 中等压实弱胶结相 原生粒间孔发育,胶结作用弱 < 75 < 75 > 0.5 > 1 -
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