珠江口盆地恩平凹陷新近系储层菱铁矿胶结物成因及对物性的影响

杨娇; 戴建文; 吴雪晴; 涂乙; 董硕; 李琦

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20210574

珠江口盆地恩平凹陷新近系储层菱铁矿胶结物成因及对物性的影响

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20210574

中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司, 广东深圳 518000

基金项目:

中海石油（中国）有限公司深圳分公司项目 CCL2022SZPS0130

详细信息

作者简介:
杨娇(1983-), 女, 高级工程师, 主要从事开发石油地质研究工作。E-mail: yangjiao@cnooc.com.cn

通讯作者:
董硕(1995-), 女, 工程师, 主要从事开发石油地质研究工作。E-mail: dongshuo2@cnooc.com.cn

中图分类号: P618.13
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-28

Quantitative evaluation of the influence of siderite cements on middle-shallow reservoirs: A case study of the southern oil area in the Enping Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

Shenzhen Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Shenzhen Guangdong 518000, China

摘要

摘要:
为了厘清菱铁矿胶结物的成因，研究菱铁矿胶结物对储层的影响及其储层地质模式，探讨含菱铁矿的储层对于油田开发生产的影响，开展菱铁矿胶结物成因及对物性的影响研究。基于常规岩心、薄片鉴定、X衍射等资料，对珠江口盆地恩平油区中浅储层胶结物类型及特征统计发现，该区菱铁矿胶结物富集。通过古海洋氧化还原状态和沉积环境研究了其成因机制，并定量研究了菱铁矿对储集层质量的影响。结果表明：研究区储层中菱铁矿是成岩作用过程中由有机质降解产生的CO₂与孔隙水中富集的Fe²⁺结合的产物，形成于砂岩原生孔隙发育的早成岩期，对储层整体孔隙的保存具有积极意义；但菱铁矿胶结的局部（多发育于薄层泥质条带中），由于其占据了较大比例的原生孔隙空间，对储层具有较大破坏性。菱铁矿胶结物的"控渗"作用使泥质条带处纵向渗透率远远低于其他方向渗透率，从而大大增加了泥质薄层对底水的遮挡效果。研究成果在B油田进行应用时发现，富菱铁矿胶结物含水平条带状夹层导致高部位出现能量供给不足，通过"自源闭式助流注热水"用以增能，促使油田产量翻番，大幅提高油藏采出程度。
- 珠江口盆地 /
- 恩平油区 /
- 中浅层油藏 /
- 菱铁矿 /
- 胶结物 /
- 渗透率 /
- 泥质薄层
Abstract:
In order to clarify the cause of formation of siderite cement, and study the influence of siderite cement on reservoir and its geological model, and explore the influence of siderite-bearing reservoir on oilfield development and production, the study of the cause of formation of siderite cement and its influence on physical properties was carried out. Based on conventional core analysis, thin section analysis and X-ray analysis, statistics on the types and characteristics of cements in middle-shallow reservoirs in the Enping oil area, Pearl River Mouth Basin, reveal that siderite cement is abundant. The redox state and sedimentary environment of the paleo-ocean were used to study the genetic mechanism of siderite and quantitatively study the influence of siderite on middle-shallow reservoir quality. The results show that siderite in the reservoir is the product of the combination of CO₂ produced by the degradation of organic matter and Fe²⁺ enriched in pore water during diagenesis. It formed in the early diagenetic stage when the primary pores of sandstone developed, which has a positive significance for the preservation of the overall pores of the reservoir. However, the local cementation of siderite (mostly developed in thin argillaceous belts) is destructive to the reservoir because it occupies a large proportion of the primary pore space. The "permeability control" effect of siderite cement makes the vertical permeability of the muddy strip much lower than that in other directions, thus greatly increasing the shielding effect of the muddy thin layer on the bottom water, which is conducive to reservoir development. Due to the blocking of argillaceous belts, the reservoir geological pattern will change from bottom water reservoir to edge water reservoir and edge water reservoir to multilayer edge water reservoir, which can be exploited by corresponding development measures. The development of siderite leads to differences in the energy supply in the top, middle and edge of the reservoir, which can guide water injection and improve the well pattern strategy. The research results were applied in Oilfield B, where the horizontal strip interlayer of fulling siderite cements resulted in insufficient energy supply in the high position. By injecting hot water to increase energy, oil field production is doubled, and reservoir recovery is greatly improved.
- Pearl River Mouth Basin /
- Enping oil area /
- middle-shallow reservoir /
- siderite /
- cement /
- permeability /
- argillaceous thin layer

HTML全文

图 1 恩平凹陷南部油区位置图

Figure 1. Location map of the oil area in the southern Enping Sag

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图 2 研究区胶结物体积分数统计图

Figure 2. Statistical chart of cement percentage content in the study area

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图 3 研究区A-1井中菱铁矿胶结物

a, b, c.微粉晶状菱铁矿分布不均匀，局部富集，偶见生屑(腹足)；d.微粉晶状菱铁矿呈条带状富集于粒间；e.微粉晶状菱铁矿呈条带状富集，间杂炭质；f.菱铁矿、方解石、铁白云石多呈微粉晶状充填于粒间

Figure 3. Siderite cement in the Well A-1 of the study area

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图 4 研究区碳、氧同位素值变化特征

Figure 4. Variation characteristics of carbon and oxygen isotope values in the study area

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图 5 研究区菱铁矿在储层中的分布特征

Figure 5. Distribution characteristics of siderite in the reservoir

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图 6 B-2井Z1-12层岩心照片及孔渗样品点

Figure 6. Core photos and porosity and permeability sample points of layer Z1-12 in Well B-2

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图 7 B-2井岩心水平渗透率与垂直渗透率对比图

Figure 7. Comparison of the horizontal and vertical permeability of the core in Well B-2

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图 8 富含菱铁矿的泥质条带分布模式

Figure 8. Distribution pattern of argillaceous bands rich in siderite

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图 9 B油田历年产油量统计图

Figure 9. Statistical chart of oil production of B Oilfield in past years

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图 10 B油田H2-21油藏边部引水增能

Figure 10. Edge diversion in the H2-21 reservoir of B Oilfield to increase energy

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