基于岩相和地球化学特征的沉积古地貌恢复新方法：以川中栖霞组为例

饶诗怡; 伏美燕; 邓虎成; 吴冬; 胥旺; 陈培; 郭恒玮

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20210730

基于岩相和地球化学特征的沉积古地貌恢复新方法：以川中栖霞组为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20210730

饶诗怡^a,,
伏美燕^{a, b, ,},
邓虎成^{a, b},
吴冬^{a, b},
胥旺^{a, b},
陈培^{a, b},
郭恒玮^{a, b}

a.
成都理工大学能源学院, 成都 610059
b.
成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 成都 610059

基金项目:

西南油气田公司项目“高石梯地区栖霞组、长兴组储层综合评价研究” 2020-56205

详细信息

作者简介:
饶诗怡(2000-), 女, 主要从事碳酸盐岩沉积学和储层地质学研究。E-mail: raoshiyi2000@126.com

通讯作者:
伏美燕(1982-), 女, 副教授, 主要从事储层地质学与地球化学研究。E-mail: fumeiyan08@cdut.cn

中图分类号: P53
计量
- 文章访问数: 775
- PDF下载量: 152
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-25
- 录用日期: 2022-01-06
- 修回日期: 2021-12-26

A new method for restoration of sedimentary paleogeomorphology based on lithofacies and geochemistry: A case study of the Qixia Formation in central Sichuan

Rao Shiyi^a
,,
Fu Meiyan^{a, b
, ,},
Deng Hucheng^{a, b},
Wu Dong^{a, b},
Xu Wang^{a, b},
Chen Pei^{a, b},
Guo Hengwei^{a, b}

a.
College of Energy, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
b.
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

摘要

摘要:
四川盆地二叠系栖霞组沉积古地貌对碳酸盐岩储层的展布和演化具有一定的控制作用。恢复并刻画川中高石梯地区沉积古地貌, 可以进一步认识该区域有利沉积相展布规律、预测优质储层的分布。在明确了三级层序划分的基础上, 利用地球化学元素比值、岩石学标志和测井标志在层序内建立了高分辨率层序地层格架, 识别出两种沉积微相: 滩核和滩翼; 计算了层序内地层厚度差异, 识别出不同类型的沉积序列, 计算了滩核/滩翼厚度比值以及Fe/Mn比值、MgO/Al₂O₃比值等地球化学参数。分析上述参数在平面上的特征并进行叠合, 恢复了研究区栖霞组沉积时期的古地貌特征。研究结果表明: 栖一段古地貌在西北部和南部较高, 在中部较低, 古地貌落差明显; 栖二段古地貌高地分布在研究区中部, 西部古地貌较低, 古地貌整体差异不大。根据古地貌恢复结果, 高石梯-磨溪地区在北东-南西方向形成浅水环带区, 发育颗粒滩, 南部发育局部微正向构造, 同样发育颗粒滩, 但微正向构造分布有限, 颗粒滩延伸范围因此受限, 未来勘探开发应围绕北东-南西方向的颗粒滩发育区域进行。
- 沉积古地貌 /
- 栖霞组 /
- 沉积序列 /
- 岩相 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: Objective
The sedimentary palaeogeomorphology of the Permian Qixia Formation in Sichuan Basin has key influence over the distribution and evolution of carbonate reservoirs. Restoring and characterizing the sedimentary palaeogeomorphology of Gaoshiti area can gain further understanding of the distribution of favorable sedimentary facies and predict the distribution of high-quality reservoirs.
Methods
Based on the division of the third-order sequence, the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework was established by using geochemical proxies, petrological markers and logging markers. Two kinds of sedimentary microfacies, i.e. beach core and beach wing, were also identified. In addition, this study has calculated the difference of layer thicknesses in the sequence, and has identified different types of sedimentary sequences. A number of values including the beach core/beach wing value, Fe/Mn and MgO/Al₂O₃ ratios and other geochemical parameters were also calculated. The characteristics of the above parameters on the plane are analyzed and re-evaluated, which are all used to restore the palaeogeomorphic characteristics of the sedimentary period of the Qixia Formation in the study area.
Results
The result of research shows that the palaeogeomorphic characteristics of the 1st Member of Qixia are higher in the northwest and south, lower in the middle, and the palaeogeomorphic drop is obvious. Our new results show that the palaeogeomorphic highlands of the 2nd Member of Qixia are distributed in the middle of the study area, that the western palaeogeomorphology is low, and that the overall difference of palaeogeomorphology is small.
Conclusion
According to the results of ancient landform restoration, Gaoshiti-Moxi area forms a shallow water ring zone in the northeast-southwest direction where granular shoals are developed. Local micro-positive structures and granular shoals are developed in the south. However, the distribution of micro-positive structures is so limit that the extension range of granular shoals is limit. This study highlights that future exploration and development should focus on the development area of granular shoals in the northeast-southwest direction.
- sedimentary paleogeomorphology /
- Qixia Formation /
- sedimentary sequences /
- lithofacies /
- geochemistry
注释:

(所有作者声明不存在利益冲突)

HTML全文

图 1 研究区位置(a)及地层综合柱状图(b)

Figure 1. Location of the study area (a) and stratigraphic comprehensive profile (b)

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图 2 A50井(a)、A54井(b)单井测井剖面图

Figure 2. Well logging profile of Well A50 (a) and Well A54 (b)

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图 3 A112井层序特征和地球化学剖面

Figure 3. Sequence characteristics and geochemical profile of Well A112

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图 4 高石梯-磨溪地区栖霞组岩心及岩屑铸体薄片特征

a.A113井，4 650.5 m，残余颗粒白云岩，岩心样；b.A113井，4 653.95 m，亮晶砂屑灰岩，岩心样；c.A112井，4 118 m，亮晶砂屑灰岩，岩屑样；d.A112井，4 208 m，含生屑泥晶灰岩，岩屑样; e.A113井，4 649 m，泥晶生屑灰岩，岩屑样；f.A59井，4 342 m，硅质泥晶灰岩，岩屑样

Figure 4. Core and chip sections of the Qixia Formation in Gaoshiti-Moxi area

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图 5 高石梯地区栖一段岩石沉积序列特征

Figure 5. Characteristics of sedimentary sequence of Qi-1 Member in Gaoshiti area

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图 6 高石梯地区栖霞组沉积古地貌恢复结果图

Figure 6. Restoration results of sedimentary paleogeomorphology of Qixia Formation in Gaoshiti area

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表 1 川中高石梯-磨溪地区沉积相划分

Table 1. Classification of sedimentary facies in Gaoshiti-Moxi, central Sichuan

沉积相	沉积亚相	沉积微相	岩石类型
碳酸盐岩缓坡	中-浅水缓坡	颗粒滩	晶粒白云岩、颗粒白云岩、亮晶砂屑灰岩、微亮晶球粒灰岩
	中-浅水缓坡	滩间海	深灰色泥晶生屑灰岩
	深水缓坡	缓坡灰泥	泥晶灰岩、硅质灰岩

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表 2 高石梯地区部分井栖霞组地层厚度

Table 2. Stratigraphic thickness of parts of the Qixia Formation in Gaoshiti area 地层厚度/m

井名	栖一段	栖二段	栖霞组
A66	61.614	44.921	106.535
A67	60.589	43.411	104.000
A68	57.842	41.080	98.922
A69	65.570	44.040	109.610
A70	62.076	40.966	103.042
A71	50.913	40.030	90.943
A72	52.696	40.522	93.218
A73	60.680	45.320	106.000
A74	63.595	43.460	107.055
A75	64.966	42.162	107.128
A76	65.996	42.976	108.972
A77	62.840	45.160	108.000
A78	60.933	43.067	104.000
A79	63.685	42.915	106.600
A80	64.555	42.845	107.400
A81	63.583	41.361	104.944
A82	66.900	44.000	110.900
A83	67.001	44.799	111.800

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表 3 高石梯地区部分井栖霞组滩核、滩翼厚度及其厚度比值

Table 3. Thickness and relative ratios of core and wing of parts of the Qixia Formation in Gaoshiti area

井号	栖一滩核厚度/m	栖一滩翼厚度/m	栖一段滩核/滩翼厚度比值	栖二滩核厚度/m	栖二滩翼厚度/m	栖二段滩核/滩翼厚度比值
A50	17.405	24.993	0.696	13.200	29.818	0.443
A51	18.795	28.826	0.652	17.100	29.351	0.583
A56	24.155	29.022	0.832	13.830	29.476	0.469
A57	17.779	20.456	0.869	14.941	25.000	0.598
A58	23.048	25.200	0.915	17.968	28.256	0.636
A59	28.994	29.826	0.972	13.748	28.544	0.482
A61	26.612	24.568	1.083	13.516	34.103	0.396
A64	16.455	23.680	0.695	23.460	34.410	0.682
A66	21.865	29.064	0.752	15.665	29.256	0.535
A67	29.860	20.469	1.459	15.220	28.191	0.540
A72	19.100	25.051	0.762	14.450	26.072	0.554
A74	25.165	27.695	0.909	16.475	26.985	0.611
A77	28.630	23.270	1.230	17.300	27.860	0.621
A80	34.675	17.445	1.988	11.690	31.155	0.375
A90	33.168	42.708	0.777	17.576	4.024	4.368
A105	33.538	16.062	2.088	23.369	20.210	1.156
A111	16.990	34.623	0.491	22.372	16.315	1.371
A112	20.565	26.465	0.777	9.435	32.332	0.292

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表 4 高石梯-磨溪地区部分井Fe/Mn比值

Table 4. Fe/Mn ratio of some wells in the Gaoshiti-Moxi area

井号	层位	Fe/Mn	井号	层位	Fe/Mn
A59	栖一段	32.35	A63	栖二段	57.96
A63	栖一段	20.00	A67	栖二段	50.72
A67	栖一段	30.57	A68	栖二段	95.58
A68	栖一段	28.01	A72	栖二段	33.98
A73	栖一段	46.27	A73	栖二段	56.03
A105	栖一段	65.60	A112	栖二段	31.89

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表 5 高石梯-磨溪地区部分井MgO、Al₂O₃分析数据及m值

Table 5. MgO, Al₂O₃ data and m value of some wells in Gaoshiti-Moxi area

井号	层位	深度/m	MgO	Al₂O₃	m
井号	层位	深度/m	w_B/%		m
A59		4 313	0.741	0.137	540.9
A63		4 236	0.630	0.153	411.8
A67		4 131	1.776	0.187	949.7
A68	栖一段	4 100	0.972	0.167	582.0
A69		3 950	1.628	0.262	621.4
A73		4 116	1.472	0.461	319.3
A105		4 150	1.134	0.943	120.3
A63		4 179	1.520	0.680	223.5
A67		4 064	0.602	0.154	390.9
A67		4 048	0.585	0.342	171.1
A72	栖二段	5 158	1.117	0.218	512.4
A73		4 051	1.462	0.651	224.6
A105		4 100	2.073	0.238	871.0
A112		4 142	0.671	0.217	309.2
注：检测方法为GB/T 3286 (1-9)-1998:石灰石、白云石化学分析方法；检测仪器为电感耦合等离子体质谱仪，Aglient Technologies7700 Series ICP-MS；检测单位为成都市东方矿产开发技术研究所。m=100×w(MgO)/w(Al₂O₃)

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