渝东南盆缘转换带五峰组-龙马溪组常压页岩气保存条件评价

刘义生; 金吉能; 潘仁芳; 李笑天; 朱正平

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20210768

渝东南盆缘转换带五峰组-龙马溪组常压页岩气保存条件评价

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20210768

1.
长江大学地球科学学院, 武汉 430100
2.
中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 西安 710000

基金项目:

“十三五”国家科技重大专项 2016ZX05061-001

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目 41804120

详细信息

作者简介:
刘义生(1992—)，男，现正攻读矿产普查与勘探专业博士学位，主要从事非常规油气地质研究工作。E-mail: lys06372@163.com

通讯作者:
金吉能(1987—)，男，讲师，主要从事非常规油气地质、石油地球物理研究工作。E-mail: jjn@yangtzeu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-06

Preservation condition evaluation of normal pressure shale gas in the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations of basin margin transition zone, Southeast Chongqing

1.
School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
2.
Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina, Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi′an 710000, China

摘要

摘要:
四川盆地及其周缘上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组页岩广泛发育，页岩气资源丰富，盆地内五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气已获得大规模商业突破。渝东南盆缘转换带处于构造变形强烈区域，相对于盆内五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气富集过程，需要对保存条件的评价提出更高的要求。为此，针对渝东南盆缘转换带复杂的构造格局，通过对构造演化、抬升剥蚀、断裂发育、构造样式、顶底板条件、地层压力等多因素叠合分析，开展了保存条件的研究。结果表明，盆缘转换带抬升剥蚀严重，断裂发育，形成了一系列残留构造样式；距离剥蚀边界、大断层近的区域内，五峰组-龙马溪组均有天然气逸散的情况，地层压力系数普遍小于1.2；桑拓坪向斜、武隆向斜大断裂发育较少，五峰组-龙马溪组在远离剥蚀区具有良好的页岩气保存条件。因此后期抬升剥蚀和断裂发育是天然气散失后常压形成的主要原因；尽管由盆内向盆外地层压力系数由超压转变为常压，但构造形成了窄陡残留背斜、宽缓残留向斜和残留斜坡的页岩气保存形式。最后建立了渝东南盆缘转换带常压页岩气保存条件的评价标准，划分了3类有利目标区。
- 渝东南 /
- 盆缘转换带 /
- 常压页岩气 /
- 保存条件 /
- 五峰组-龙马溪组
Abstract:
Despite the huge gas resources in the shale of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery, commercial breakthroughs are mainly located inside the basin.The Southeast Chongqing, located in the basin margin transition zone, was intensively deformed by tectonic activities. As compared to the gas enrichment model of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Shale inside the basin, the basin margin transition zone requires better preservation conditions.According to the complicated structure patterns of the Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations in Southeast Chongqing, the preservation conditions are analyzed by the super position of structure evolution, uplift and exhumation, fault development, structural style, roof and floor conditions, and formation pressure. The results show that the basin margin is seriously uplifted and exhumated, with well-developed faults, forming a series of residual structural styles; natural gas leakage in the area close to the exhumation boundary and major faults contributed to the low formation pressure coefficient (less than 1.2). Sangtuoping syncline and Wulong syncline show good preservation conditions of shale gas because of the relatively less large faults and the far away from the exhumation area. Therefore, the late uplift, exhumation, and fault development are the main reasons for the gas leakage and the change of formation pressure from overpressure to normal pressure across the basin margin. Tectonic deformation is the fundament of current shale gas preservation in the structures of narrow and steep residual anticlines, broad and gentle residual synclines, and residual slopes. Finally, an evaluation standard was established for the preservation conditions of normal-pressure shale gas. According to this standard, favorable target areas are divided for normal shale gas in the study area.
- Southeast Chongqing /
- basin margin transition zone /
- normal pressure shale gas /
- preservation conditions /
- Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations

HTML全文

图 1 渝东南构造格局及地层格架

F₁.齐岳山断裂; F₂.彭水-建始断裂; F₃.大千断层; F₄.茶园断层; F₅.胡家园断层; ①南川背斜; ②武隆向斜; ③桑拓坪向斜; ④道真向斜; ⑤白马向斜

Figure 1. Tectonic and stratigraphic framework in Southeast Chongqing

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图 2 渝东南超压-常压构造演化剖面

(据文献[18]修改)

Figure 2. Tectonic evolution section of overpressure and normal pressure zone in Southeast Chongqing

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图 3 渝东南部分井点龙马溪组地层压力系数、产气量与主要断裂平面图

Figure 3. Distribution of formation pressure coefficient, gas production and main faults of Longmaxi Formation in some wells of Southeast Chongqing

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图 4 渝东南页岩气构造保存样式

a.残留背斜：角度大，规模小，断裂发育，天然气主要从断裂逸散; b.残留向斜：角度平缓，规模大，断裂不发育，天然气主要从上部剥蚀处逸散; c.残留斜坡：角度较大，断裂不发育，天然气主要从上部断裂、剥蚀处逸散

Figure 4. Structural patterns of shale gas preservation in Southeast Chongqing

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图 5 彭页1井岩性剖面及地化特征

Figure 5. Lithologic profile and geochemical characteristics of PY1 well

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图 6 渝东南地区龙马溪组一段连井剖面

①~⑤为龙一段下五段1~5小层；⑥，⑦为龙一段中亚段6~7小层；⑧，⑨为龙一段上亚段8~9小层

Figure 6. Well-crossprofile of the First Member of Longmaxi Formation in Southeast Chongqing

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图 7 地层压力系数与产气量关系图

Figure 7. Relationship between formation pressure coefficient and gas production

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图 8 渝东南隆页1井埋藏史

(据文献[18]修改)

Figure 8. Burial history of LY1 well in Southeast Chongqing

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图 9 四川盆地五峰组-龙马溪组页岩及周缘地层压力系数

(据文献[26]修改)

Figure 9. Formation pressure coefficient of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations shale in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery

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图 10 渝东南盆缘转换带有利目标区划分

Figure 10. Division of favorable target areas in the basin margin transition zone of Southeast Chongqing

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表 1 五峰组-龙马溪组构造样式地震剖面

Table 1. Basic structural style in the seismic section of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations

构造样式	形成时期	典型构造
基底逆冲	早-中燕山期	青龙乡断层
扭动构造	中燕山期第三阶段	断鼻扭褶带
断弯褶皱	中燕山期第二阶段	龙济桥断层
背冲构造	中燕山期第三阶段	东胜背斜南段
对冲构造	中燕山期第三阶段	平桥背斜北段
冲起构造	中燕山期第三阶段	袁家沟断层南段

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表 2 渝东南代表井参数

Table 2. Parameters of representative wells in Southeast Chongqing

井位	位置	构造样式	超压与否	压力系数	断层/剥蚀边界距离/km	埋深/m	产气量/(10⁴m³·d^-1)
胜页1	东胜背斜	背斜	超压	1.36	未剥蚀	3 476	14.6
真页1	道真向斜	斜坡	常压	1.18	剥蚀边界2.8	595	—
彭页1	桑拓坪向斜	宽缓向斜	常压	0.96	剥蚀边界5.9	2 160	2.52
彭页3	桑拓坪向斜	向斜核部	常压	1.05	剥蚀边界8.1	2 809	3.8
隆页1	武隆向斜	宽缓向斜	常压	1.08	距大断裂2.1	2 832	6.5

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表 3 常压页岩气保存条件评价指标(部分指标参考文献[34-38])

Table 3. Evaluation Index for the preservation condition of normal pressure shale gas

评价参数		评价指标
评价参数		Ⅰ类	Ⅱ类	Ⅲ类
构造样式		背斜、斜坡、宽缓向斜	较宽缓向斜	较紧闭-紧闭复杂褶皱
距剥蚀边界距离/km		>4	2~4	< 2
断层	断裂发育程度	断裂不发育、规模小	断裂较发育、规模小	断裂发育、规模较大
断层	距断层/km	>1.5	0.5~1.5	< 0.5
顶底板条件	厚度/m	>50	30~50	< 30
顶底板条件	均质性	岩性致密，均质	较致密，均质	较致密，不均质
地层压力系数		>1.2	0.9~1.2	< 0.9

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