基于三维精细化数值模型的地下油库水封安全评价

荆少东; 许国辉; 吴尚彬; 刘晓忠; 李志华; 刘乾灵; 刘康能; 张彬

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220097

基于三维精细化数值模型的地下油库水封安全评价

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220097

荆少东^{1, 2,},
许国辉¹,
吴尚彬³,
刘晓忠²,
李志华²,
刘乾灵³,
刘康能³,
张彬^3, ,

1.
中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院, 山东青岛 266100
2.
中石化石油工程设计有限公司, 山东东营 257100
3.
中国地质大学(北京) 工程技术学院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41972300

国家自然科学基金项目 40902086

国家自然科学基金项目 42107201

中石化石油工程建设有限公司科研课题 SJ20-2T01

详细信息

作者简介:
荆少东(1972—), 高级工程师, 主要从事工程地质勘察与岩土工程等方面研究工作。E-mail: sjyjsd@126.com

通讯作者:
张彬(1975—), 男, 教授, 主要从事地下能源储存工程地质、地质灾害防治等方面研究工作。E-mail: sc_zhb@cugb.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE972.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 781
- PDF下载量: 134
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-09
- 录用日期: 2022-09-19
- 修回日期: 2022-09-16

Assessment of the water-sealed safety of underground crude oil storage based on a three-dimensional refined numerical model

1.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qindao Shandong 266100, China
2.
SINOPEC Petroleum Engineering Design Corporation, Dongying Shandong 257100, China
3.
School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要:
地下水封油库利用"隙存水封"原理实现原油大规模地下储存, 水封安全性是决定地下油库安全经济运行的重要前提。为评价某地下水封油库的水封安全性, 基于精细化工程地质勘察, 获取了洞库围岩、库区内断层带、节理裂隙密集带、破碎带的渗透系数, 综合分析了库址区范围内的渗透系数空间变化规律; 并结合多源高精度勘察信息构建了三维精细化渗流数值模拟模型, 在对比分析三维精细化模型与均匀介质模型的优劣后, 通过数值模拟, 对比分析了有、无水幕条件下洞库的水封可靠性, 并预测了洞库施工和运营期的涌水量。结果表明: 三维精细化数值模型可以精确地反映地质构造对地下水位及水压力的影响, 使得分析结果更加符合实际情况; 水幕系统可以有效提高洞库水封安全性, 具体表现为, 在无水幕条件下进行洞室开挖时, 地下水位明显下降, 部分洞室上方出现疏干区, 而在有水幕条件下进行洞室开挖时, 地下水位下降不明显, 洞室上方具有较厚的含水层, 其厚度足以保证洞室水封安全性; 同时, 洞室涌水量在可控范围内。本研究提出的地下油库水封安全评价方法对类似工程具有借鉴意义。
- 地下水封油库 /
- 水封安全评价 /
- 三维精细化模型 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: Objective
The principle of a "gap storage water seal" is used to realize large-scale underground storage of crude oil, in which water-sealed safety is an important prerequisite for the safe and economical operation of underground oil storage.
Methods
To evaluate the water-sealed safety of underground oil storage, based on a refined engineering geological survey, the permeability coefficients of cavern surrounding rock, fault zones, dense joint fracture zones, and broken zones are obtained accurately, and the spatial variation of the permeability coefficient within the reservoir area is comprehensively analysed. Combined with multi-source high-precision survey information, a three-dimensional refined seepage numerical simulation model is constructed. After comparing and analysing both advantages and disadvantages of the three-dimensional refined model and corresponding homogeneous medium model, a numerical simulation is carried out to compare and analyse the reliability of cave storage with or without a water seal, and the water inflow of cavern during construction and operation is also predicted.
Results
Results show that the three-dimensional refined model can accurately reflect the influence of geological structures on the groundwater level and water pressure, making analysis more in line with the real situation.The water curtain system can effectively improve the water-sealed safety of underground oil storage. Specifically, when the cavern is excavated without water curtain, the groundwater level drops significantly, and drainage area exists above some caverns. When the cavern is excavated under water curtain, the groundwater level does not drop significantly, and thick aquifer exists above the cavern, ensuring the water-sealed safety of underground oil storage; at the same time, the water inflow of cavern is under control.
Conclusion
Assessment of the water-sealed safety of underground crude oil storage provided in this article can be used as a reference for other similar projects.
- underground water-sealed oil storage /
- assessment of the water-sealed safety /
- three-dimensional refined model /
- numerical simulation
注释:

(所有作者声明不存在利益冲突)

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图 1 场地工程地质图

Figure 1. Regional engineering geological map

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图 2 库区初始地下水位等值线图

Figure 2. Contour map of initial groundwater level in the reservoir area

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图 3 钻孔渗透系数随标高分布图

Figure 3. Borehole permeability coefficient distribution with elevation

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图 4 库区渗透系数分布特征

a.水幕层渗透系数分布云图；b.主洞室层渗透系数分布云图

Figure 4. Distribution of the permeability coefficient in the reservoir area

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图 5 库区渗透系数分区示意图

Figure 5. Partition of the permeability coefficient in the reservoir area

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图 6 断层F₁附近钻孔渗透系数变化特征

Figure 6. Variation characteristics of the permeability coefficient of the borehole near fault F₁

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图 7 三维地表模型

Figure 7. Three-dimensional surface model

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图 8 洞室结构以及库区地质构造示意图

Figure 8. Cave structure and geological structural diagram of the reservoir area

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图 9 洞库整体三维数值模型及网格

Figure 9. Three-dimensional numerical model and grid of the whole cavern

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图 10 地下水封油库储油原理示意图^[22]

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of oil storage of underground water-sealed oil depot

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图 11 不考虑构造带无水幕开挖I-I′剖面水压力分布云图

Figure 11. Distribution cloud map of the I-I′ section of the structural zone without consideration of water pressure and water curtain excavation

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图 12 考虑构造带无水幕开挖I-I′剖面水压力分布云图

Figure 12. Distribution cloud chart of I-I′ section under water pressure without water curtain excavation in structural belt

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图 13 无水幕分层开挖水压力分布云图(1~8均为洞室编号, 下同)

Figure 13. Water pressure distribution nephogram of layered excavation without water curtain

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图 14 有水幕分层开挖水压力分布云图

Figure 14. Water pressure distribution cloud diagram of layered excavation with water curtain

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图 15 主洞室顶上部5 m检测面水压力分布图

Figure 15. Water pressure distribution on the top of main cavern with 5 m above measuring surface

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表 1 洞库各区渗透系数和渗透张量修正结果

Table 1. Permeability coefficient and correction of the permeability tensor in each cavern area

分区	渗透系数主值/(m·d^-1)	压水试验渗透系数/(m·d^-1)	修正系数	修正后的渗透系数主值/(m·d^-1)
Ⅰ	3.97×10^-4	8.87×10^-4	2.27	9.02×10^-4
	3.53×10^-6			8.01×10^-6
	3.94×10^-4			8.94×10^-4
Ⅱ	1.02×10^-3	9.74×10^-4	1.12	1.14×10^-3
	1.91×10^-4			2.15×10^-4
	8.27×10^-4			9.29×10^-4
Ⅲ	1.12×10^-3	1.95×10^-3	2.01	2.25×10^-3
	6.49×10^-4			1.31×10^-3
	9.79×10^-4			1.97×10^-3
Ⅳ	1.21×10^-3	1.35×10^-3	1.40	1.70×10^-3
	5.56×10^-4			7.80×10^-4
	6.55×10^-4			9.19×10^-4

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表 2 库区优势节理隙宽、结构面间距、倾向及倾角

Table 2. Dominant joint gap width, structural plane spacing, tendency and dip angle in the reservoir area

优势节理	隙宽/mm	结构面间距/m	倾向/(°)	倾角/(°)
西北区域优势节理1	0.09	1.05	250.0	70.0
西北区域优势节理2	0.09	1.22	155.0	70.0
东北区域优势节理1	0.07	0.70	255.0	65.0
东北区域优势节理2	0.08	0.83	70.0	12.5
东北区域优势节理3	0.06	0.61	170.0	67.5
西南区域优势节理1	0.05	0.60	230.0	75.0
西南区域优势节理2	0.05	0.58	155.0	60.0
东南区域优势节理1	0.08	0.91	240.0	70.0
东南区域优势节理2	0.08	0.98	185.0	70.0

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表 3 库区断层、节理密集带以及破碎带渗透系数

Table 3. Permeability coefficient of the fault, joint dense zone and fracture zone in the reservoir area

断层	渗透系数/(10^-2m·d^-1)	节理	渗透系数/(10^-3m·d^-1)	破碎带	渗透系数/(10^-3m·d^-1)
F₁	1.95	J₁	5.35	P₂	6.45
F₄	1.25	J₂	9.11	P₄	1.15
F₅	1.24	J₃	6.14
	—	J₄ J₅	7.13 6.77	—	—

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表 4 洞库涌水量计算结果汇总

Table 4. Summary of water inflow calculation of caverns

	数值模拟
工况	施工工序	涌水量/(m³·d^-1)
施工期	开挖1层	1 785.5
	开挖2层	2 017.2
	开挖3层	3 380.0
运营期		1 032.0

下载: 导出CSV

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