动网格在非饱和饱和界面数值模拟中的应用研究进展

刘玲; 魏亚强; 陈坚; 李璐; 牛浩博; 殷乐宜

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220103

动网格在非饱和饱和界面数值模拟中的应用研究进展

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220103

刘玲^1,,
魏亚强^2, ,,
陈坚³,
李璐³,
牛浩博³,
殷乐宜³

1.
中国煤炭地质总局勘查研究总院, 北京 100039
2.
上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444
3.
生态环境部环境规划院, 北京 100012

基金项目:

国家自然科学青年基金项目 42107015

国家重点研发计划 2018YFC1800204

中国煤炭地质总局勘查研究总院国有资本金研究课题 ZY-2022-04

详细信息

作者简介:
刘玲(1991-), 女, 助理工程师, 主要从事地下水数值模拟方面的研究工作。E-mail: 569442022@qq.com

通讯作者:
魏亚强(1990-), 男, 副研究员, 主要从事地下水数值模拟研究工作。E-mail: weiyaqiang0000@126.com

中图分类号: P641.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 998
- PDF下载量: 81
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-10

Research progress on the application of dynamic grids in the numerical simulation of unsaturated-saturated interfaces

Liu Ling^1
,,
Wei Yaqiang^{2
, ,},
Chen Jian³,
Li Lu³,
Niu Haobo³,
Yin Leyi³

1.
General Prospecting Institute of China National Administration of Coal Geology, Beijing 100039, China
2.
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
3.
Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China

摘要

摘要:
为了探讨结构和非结构动网格技术在地下水非饱和-饱和数值模拟领域未来的发展趋势, 总结了非饱和-饱和耦合数值模拟研究现状, 介绍了动网格技术原理及运动边界结构和非结构网格的变形方法, 综述了动网格技术在非饱和-饱和分界面的应用现状及存在的不足, 探讨了相关研究的未来发展趋势。综合分析表明: 结构动网格和非结构动网格均存在其固有优缺点, 结构、非结构混合网格以及多种动边界处理方法的结合使用在非饱和-饱和耦合数值模拟研究中具有重要的应用价值。在模拟潜水面的变动时, 可将多种网格变形方法结合使用, 当潜水面位置和形状变动较小时, 采用弹簧法更新网格; 当潜水面位置变化较大但形状变化较小时, 采用重叠结构动网格技术或铺层法更新网格; 当潜水面形状变动较大时, 则采用网格重构法更新网格, 从而更精确地模拟非饱和-饱和分界面的变化和移动。相关研究为场地非饱和带土壤与饱和带地下水协同防治工作提供了科学指导。
- 动网格 /
- 非饱和-饱和 /
- 土壤 /
- 地下水 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 弹簧法 /
- 重叠结构动网格技术 /
- 网格重构法
Abstract:
In order to discuss the future development trend of structural and unstructured dynamic grid technology in the field of unsaturated-saturated groundwater numerical simulation, this paper summarizes the research status of unsaturated-saturated coupled numerical simulation, introduces the principle of dynamic grid technology and the deformation method of moving boundary structure and unstructured grid, summarizes the application status and shortcomings of dynamic grid technology in the unsaturated-saturated interface, and discusses the future development trend of related research. The review shows that both structural dynamic grids and unstructured dynamic grids have their inherent advantages and disadvantages, and the combination of structural/unstructured hybrid grids and multiple dynamic boundary treatment methods has important application value in the research of unsaturated-saturated coupling numerical simulation. When simulating the change of phreatic surface, a variety of mesh deformation methods can be combined. When the change of the position and shape of the phreatic surface is small, the spring method is used to update the mesh; When the position of the water table changes significantly but the shape changes little, the overlapping structure dynamic grid technology or the overlay method is used to update the grid; If the shape of the water table changes greatly, the grid reconstruction method is used to update the grid, so as to more accurately simulate the change and movement of the unsaturated-saturated interface. Relevant research provides scientific guidance for the coordinated prevention and control of unsaturated zone soil and saturated zone groundwater of the site.
- dynamic grid /
- unsaturated-saturated /
- soil /
- groundwater /
- numerical simulation /
- spring method /
- overlapping structure dynamic grid technolog /
- grid reconstruction method

HTML全文

图 1 非饱和模拟与MODFLOW耦合模型网格示意图^[63]

Figure 1. Grid diagram of unsaturated-simulation and MODFLOW coupling model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 区域非饱和-饱和带水流运动及溶质运移模型网格示意图^[89]

Figure 2. Grid diagram of regional unsaturated-saturated flow movement and solute transport model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 COMSOL非饱和-饱和模拟流程图

Figure 3. Flow chart of soil groundwater coupling simulation based on COMSOL software

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 弹簧法网格变形示意图(a, b据文献[91-92]；d据文献[93])

a, b分别为由垂直/倾斜的网格线表示的潜水面; c.变形前网格形状; d.变形后网格形状

Figure 4. Deformation diagram of spring method mesh

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 结构网格动边界处理方法

Table 1. Processing method of moving boundary of structured grid

	原理	优点	缺点
刚性运动网格法^[37-38]	网格随物体一起做刚性运动	计算量小	仅适用于单个刚性物体运动
超限插值动网格生成法^[39-41]	外边界保持静止，物面边界由物体运动规律或运动方程得到，内场网格由超限插值的方法代数生成	计算量小	网格正交性难以保证
重叠结构动网格技术^[42-45]	在计算域的各个子域采用区域共享(重叠部分)的方法来实现信息交换	减轻了子域网格生成的难度且能够保证子域的网格品质	计算量较大
滑移结构动网格技术^[46-47]	在物体运动轨迹周围预先划出一个滑移子区域，在子区域和其他区域分别生成多块结构网格；在二者连接处，利用搭接边界与其他区域对接，从而实现整个流场的计算	计算效率高、适用性强	划分子域的多少会影响网格变形质量和计算量

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 非结构网格动边界处理方法

Table 2. Processing method of moving boundary of unstructured grid

	原理	优点	缺点
弹簧法^[48-51]	将整个网格区域看作一个弹性区域，在边界发生移动且变形较小的情况下，网格发生轻微变形	无需插值，可以保证流场中解的守恒，保证了计算精度	边界位移过大时会使网格严重变形，导致计算出错
扩散法^[52-53]	对扩散方程进行求解，基于扩散方程结果更新网格节点位置	网格质量好、计算精度高	不适用时间较长的计算
铺层法^[54]	在一个时间步长内，动边界扫过固定的网格，对运动边界周围变形的网格，进行合并或分割	无需对控制方程进行坐标转换，即可实现对复杂动边界的追踪拟合	应用贴体网格及求解N-S方程比较困难
网格重构法^[55-58]	利用网格变形前后的变形率来判断网格是否符合要求；对于严重变形的网格区域则重新生成网格	对网格拓扑结构没有限制，同时可以保证边界周围网格单元的质量，对于任意的边界变形也可以得到很好的处理	在重新生成以后，空腔内的网格节点的流场参数必须通过插值的方法得到

下载: 导出CSV

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