渭河盆地南缘早更新世风成相和湖相沉积环境演化

王婷; 张航; 孙有斌

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220111

渭河盆地南缘早更新世风成相和湖相沉积环境演化

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220111

王婷^{1a, 2, 3,},
张航^{1a, 3},
孙有斌^{1a, 1b, ,}

1a.
中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 西安 710061
1b.
中国科学院地球环境研究所第四纪科学与全球变化卓越创新中心, 西安 710061
2.
湖北工程学院, 湖北孝感 432000
3.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

基金项目:

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类) XDB40000000

黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金 SKLLQG1831

孝感市自然科学计划项目 XGKJ2023010065

详细信息

作者简介:
王婷(1994—), 女, 讲师, 主要从事风尘沉积与季风研究工作。E-mail: wangting690@163.com

通讯作者:
孙有斌(1973—), 男, 研究员, 主要从事风尘沉积、古季风演化及粉尘源区干旱化研究工作。E-mail: sunyb@ieecas.cn

中图分类号: P618.13
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- 文章访问数: 463
- PDF下载量: 77
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-17
- 录用日期: 2022-05-10
- 修回日期: 2022-05-06

Sedimentary evolution revealed by aeolian and lacustrine depositions in the southern margin of the Weihe Basin during the Early Pleistocene

Wang Ting^{1a, 2, 3
,},
Zhang Hang^{1a, 3},
Sun Youbin^{1a, 1b
, ,}

1a.
State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
1b.
Centerfor Excellencein Quaternary Science and Global Change, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
2.
Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan Hubei 432000, China
3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

摘要

摘要:
受地球轨道参数诱导的太阳辐射变化和两极冰盖消长的共同影响, 第四纪气候环境演化表现出阶段性变冷及显著的冰期-间冰期波动特征。位于亚洲季风区关键地带的渭河盆地堆积了新生代以来巨厚的河湖相沉积以及风成沉积, 是研究第四纪环境演化的重要区域。盆地堆积的下更新统三门组河湖相地层被认为和古三门湖有密切联系, 但目前对于三门组地层年龄和古三门湖演化及其与区域活动演化是否有联系尚未达成共识。相比单一沉积载体研究, 选取渭河盆地南缘阎峪风成相黄土和武家堡湖相沉积2种沉积载体进行对比分析, 探讨了同期异相沉积记录的粒度和磁化率变化特征, 重建了渭河盆地南缘早更新世(距今2.6~1.6 Ma)沉积环境演化。结果表明, 阎峪记录的黄土-古土壤序列平均粒径和磁化率变化良好地记录了东亚冬、夏季风的盛衰演化历史; 武家堡指示的盆地南缘沉积环境在距今1.95 Ma由湖相转变为风成相沉积, 湖相沉积粒径和磁化率变化呈正相关关系, 敏感响应湖平面高低波动。风成相与湖相记录揭示了渭河盆地边缘早更新世环境演化经历了[2.6, 1.95)Ma的湖盆演化和[1.95, 1.6]Ma的湖盆萎缩-风成相堆积, 湖盆萎缩受黄河贯通影响强烈。
- 渭河盆地 /
- 早更新世 /
- 湖相沉积 /
- 风成黄土 /
- 古三门湖
Abstract: <p>The Quaternary climate is characterized by a notable cooling and significant glacial-interglacial fluctuations driven by the influence of orbital-induced insolation and bipolar ice-volume variability. The Weihe Basin, located in the critical zone of the Asian monsoon region, accumulated thick fluvial-lacustrine deposition and aeolian deposition since the Cenozoic, which is a key placeto explore the environmental evolution during the Quaternary period.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective
The fluvial-lacustrine strata of the Sanmen Formation in the Weihe Basin are considered to be closely related to Palaeo-Sanmen Lake. However, the relationship among the stratigraphic age of the Sanmen Formation, the evolution of the palaeolake as well as the evolution of regional tectonics is still under much debated.
Methods
In this work, the magnetic susceptibility and grain size records from two sections (Yanyu and Wujiabu) in the southern margin of the Weihe Basin have been generated to investigate sedimentary evolution during the interval of 2.6-1.6 Ma.
Results
The mean grain size (MGS) and magnetic susceptibility (MS) of the Yanyu loess exhibit large-amplitude variations as proxies for the East Asian winter and summer monsoons. The MGS and MS variations in theWujiabu section show that lithology changes from lacustrine to aeolian facies occurred at 1.95 Ma in the southern margin of the Weihe Basin. In lacustrine environments, MGS is positively correlated with MS and is sensitive to fluctuations in lake level linked with monsoonal precipitation.
Conclusion
Overall, the climatic characteristics on the margin of the Weihe Basin during the early Pleistocene can be divided into two intervals: ① the lake level frequently fluctuated during 2.6-1.95 Ma, ② the lake shrank from 1.95 to 1.6 Ma. We suggest that the disappearance of Palaeo-Sanmen Lake was affected by the development and integration of the Yellow River.
- Weihe Basin /
- Early Pleistocene /
- lacustrine deposition /
- aeolian loess /
- Palaeo-Sanmen Lake
注释:

(所有作者声明不存在利益冲突)

HTML全文

图 1 渭河盆地地理位置及采样点^[33-34]

Figure 1. Location of the Weihe Basin and sampling areas

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图 2 阎峪剖面(a)和武家堡剖面(b)照片及岩性柱

阎峪剖面为黄土-古土壤及新近纪红黏土沉积，武家堡剖面呈顶部风成和下部的三门组湖相沉积

Figure 2. Photoes and litholog columns of Yanyu section (a) and Wujiabu section (b)

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图 3 阎峪黄土-古土壤序列(a)和武家堡湖相沉积(b)的粒度(蓝色)和磁化率(红色)

a中黄色阴影指示古土壤层；b中蓝色阴影表示粒度记录的粗砂层，灰色竖线指示了湖相转变为风成相的位置

Figure 3. Mean grain size (MGS, blue) and magnetic susceptibility (MS, red) profiles in the Yanyu (a) and Wujiabu (b) sections

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图 4 阎峪剖面(a)和西峰/灵台剖面^[17](b)磁化率(红色)及粒度(蓝色)变化对比

灰色虚线表示选择的年龄控制点，黄色阴影表示不同层位的古土壤层

Figure 4. Comparison of MGS (blue) and MS (red) in Yanyu (a) with the Xifeng/Lingtai sections^[17](b)

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图 5 武家堡剖面的初始(a)和改进(b)年代标尺

a.基于交变退磁结果建立的初始年龄标尺的武家堡平均粒径(蓝色)、沉积速率(橘色)和西峰/灵台平均粒径^[17](红色)对比，深灰色竖直虚线表示3个古地磁倒转点，浅灰色竖直虚线表示基于S₂₂及S₂₅增加的年龄控制点，黄色阴影指示年代偏差的阶段；b.基于改进年龄标尺的武家堡平均粒径(蓝色)、沉积速率(橘色)和西峰/灵台平均粒径(红色)对比

Figure 5. Original (a) and improved (b) age models of the Wujiabu section

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图 6 阎峪和武家堡剖面的粒度分布(a)和粒径-磁化率关系(b)对比

a.阎峪部分的黄土-古土壤样品(蓝色)，武家堡的部分风成相样品(绿色)，部分湖相(红色)样品，虚线指示不同样品的众数粒径；b.阎峪(蓝色)和武家堡18.5 m以上的风成(绿色)，及以下的湖相(红色)粒度-磁化率对应关系，黑色椭圆分别指示风成相(左)和湖相(右)的投点位置

Figure 6. Grain-size distribution curves (a) and correlation between MGS and MS (b) of the Yanyu and the Wujiabu sections

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图 7 渭河盆地河流阶地同青藏高原活动的关系以及本研究指标和其他气候记录对比

a.已有研究记录的1.9 Ma前后沉积环境改变^[67-69]，及渭河盆地阶地年龄^[70]、陇中盆地阶地年龄(临夏和兰州)^[71]、隆升速率/海拔指示的第四纪青藏高原隆升过程^[66]，黑色虚线框为本研究涉及的时段；b.偏心率^[65]；c.65°N地区7月平均太阳辐射^[65]；d.武家堡平均粒径；e.阎峪平均粒径；f.武家堡磁化率；g.阎峪磁化率；h.全球57个海洋钻孔集成的底栖δ¹⁸O记录^[6]。黄色阴影表示深海氧同位素阶段中的温暖期，灰色实线表示武家堡在MIS 74冷阶段发生沉积相变、湖盆萎缩

Figure 7. Correlation of the river terraces in the Weihe Basin with uplifting process of Tibetan Plateau, and comparison of the study indicators with other climatic records

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