湖南茶陵盆地上白垩统戴家坪组红层的古地磁研究

金登奎; 李永祥

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220161

湖南茶陵盆地上白垩统戴家坪组红层的古地磁研究

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220161

金登奎,
李永祥^,

南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 南京 210046

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41888101

国家自然科学基金项目 41774075

详细信息

作者简介:
金登奎(1996—), 男, 现正攻读构造地质学专业硕士学位, 主要从事古地磁学研究工作。E-mail: jindk63@163.com

通讯作者:
李永祥(1974—), 男, 教授, 主要从事古地磁学、环境磁学、古气候与古海洋研究工作。E-mail: yxli@nju.edu.cn

中图分类号: P318.44;P534.53
计量
- 文章访问数: 541
- PDF下载量: 44
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-12
- 录用日期: 2022-05-23
- 修回日期: 2022-05-13

Paleomagnetism of the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation red beds in the Chaling Basin, Hunan Province, China

Jin Dengkui,
Li Yongxiang^,

School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China

摘要

摘要:
由于红层能够携带稳定的天然剩磁, 因此在古地磁研究中被广泛采用。以往对于红层的研究大多集中于河湖相, 对风成相红层的研究较少, 尤其是风成沉积过程及沉积环境对剩磁记录的影响仍缺乏清晰的认识。对湘东南茶陵盆地上白垩统戴家坪组红层开展了古地磁研究, 通过对比分析研究了风成相和河湖相红层携带剩磁的稳定性及其剩磁记录的可靠性。岩石磁学结果显示载磁矿物为磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿、赤铁矿。退磁结果显示, 仅有约1/6的样品能够分离出特征剩磁(ChRM)。虽然两者的ChRM平均方向总体一致(风成相样品磁偏角D_s=222.7°, 磁倾角I_s=-43.3°, Fish统计精度参数κ=5.9, 95%置信区间的半顶角角度α₉₅=20.6°, 数据量n=11;河湖相样品D_s=204.6°, I_s=-47.8°, κ=2.4, α₉₅=23.1°, n=28), 但两者单个样品ChRM方向的分布均较为分散。岩石薄片分析表明, 相较于河湖相红层而言, 风成相样品以细颗粒为主, 部分粒度较粗, 几乎无填隙物, 易于受到物理扰动和后期化学作用影响, 使得其剩磁记录的稳定性变差。对取自同一前积纹层不同部位风成相红层样品的退磁结果分析表明, 当前积纹层与层系界面夹角大于20°时, 其剩磁记录受到沉积过程的影响显著。对华南白垩纪红层样品古地磁结果的统计分析表明, 华南白垩纪风成相红层剩磁的稳定性和可靠性总体较弱, 可能是由于其结构松散且赤铁矿含量少, 既不利于原生剩磁的稳定获得, 也易于受到后期化学作用的改造而影响其可靠性。研究结果为风成相红层剩磁记录的稳定性和可靠性研究及其在古地磁研究中的应用提供有利指导。
- 古地磁 /
- 红层 /
- 戴家坪组 /
- 上白垩统 /
- 茶陵盆地 /
- 湖南
Abstract: Objective
Red beds are widely used in palaeomagnetic studies as they can carry stable natural remanence. Most previous studies on red beds have mainly focused on lacustrine-fluvial facies, with limited targeting the aeolian red beds. Consequently, the influence of aeolian deposition processes and sedimentary environments on remanence records remains poorly understood.
Methods
In this study, we conducted a palaeomagnetic investigation of the red beds from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation in the Chaling Basin, Hunan Province, China, to compare the stability and reliability of remanence in aeolian and lacustrine-fluvial red beds.
Results
Rock magnetic results indicate that magnetite, maghemite and hematite are the dominant magnetic remanence carriers. Specimens were subjected to stepwise thermal demagnetization, and only 1/6 of the specimens yielded characteristic remanent magnetisations (ChRMs). Although the mean directions of ChRM in both aeolian(D_s=222.7°, I_s=-43.3°, κ=5.9, α₉₅=20.6°, n=11) and lacustrine-fluvial (D_s=204.6°, I_s=-47.8°, κ=2.4, α₉₅=23.1°, n=28) samples are statistically indistinguishable, the distribution of individual ChRM directions is scattered, as evidenced by the large α₉₅ values. Thin section observation reveals that the aeolian samples are predominantly composed of fine grains, with some coarser grains and almost no interstitial fillings compared with the lacustrine-fluvial red beds. This makes them susceptible to physical disturbance and subsequent chemical alteration, which compromises the stability of their remanence records. Analysis of palaeomagnetic data of specimens from different positions of an aeolian foreset bed reveals that the reliability of remanence is significantly influenced by aeolian depositional processes in case the angle between the foreset bed and the bedding plane is larger than 20°. Statistical analysis of palaeomagnetic data previously published from the Cretaceous red beds in South China and these in this study suggests that the remanence records in the Cretaceous aeolian red beds in South China tend to be less stable and less reliable, compared with that of the coeval lacustrine-fluvial red beds. It is probably because of their loose structure and low hematite content, which hinders the acquisition of primary remanence and makes them susceptible to diagenetic alteration.
Conclusion
These findings provide valuable insights for studying the stability and reliability of remanence in aeolian red beds and their application in palaeomagnetic study.
- paleomagnetism /
- red beds /
- Daijiaping Formation /
- Upper Cretaceous /
- Chaling Basin /
- Hunan
注释:

(所有作者声明不存在利益冲突)

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图 1 研究区地质简图及湖南茶陵盆地研究剖面位置

F₁.老君潭断裂；F₂.酒埠江断裂；F₃.茶陵-临武断裂；F₄.三都-郴州-连山断裂

Figure 1. Simplified geological map showing the locations of the study sites in Chaling Basin, Hunan Province

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图 2 研究区采样剖面照片及地层岩性柱

a.风成相剖面的大型交错层理及采样点松江村；b~d.河湖相剖面采样点1舲舫村、采样点2贝江村、采样点3前夹冲；e.地层岩性柱(据文献[40]修改)

Figure 2. Field photographs of the study sites and the stratigraphic column of the studied sections

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图 3 磁化率各向异性等面积投影图及Flinn图解(地层坐标系)

a，b.风成相前积纹层样品磁化率各向异性等面积投影及Flinn图解；c，d.风成相层面样品磁化率各向异性等面积投影及Flinn图解；e~j.河湖相采样点1，2，3样品磁化率各向异性等面积投影及Flinn图解。L为线理(K₁/K₂)；F为面理(K₂/K₃)；N为样品数；K₁，K₂，K₃分别为磁化率各向异性椭球的最大轴、中间轴和最小轴

Figure 3. Equal-area projections of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS)results and F-L diagram in stratigraphic coordinates

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图 4 磁化率随温度变化曲线

a.风成相层面样品；b.风成相前积纹层样品；c.河湖相样品

Figure 4. Temperature-dependent low-field magnetic susceptibility curves

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图 5 代表性样品的逐步热退磁结果及强度衰减曲线

a, b.未分离出稳定特征剩磁的样品；c, d.风成相沉积层面样品；e, f.风成相前积纹层样品；g, h.河湖相样品。地层坐标系；实心、空心点分别为退磁结果在水平面、垂直面上的投影；红色箭头为特征剩磁的矢量方向和大小；红色方块为特征剩磁分量的温度步数；NRM为天然剩磁强度

Figure 5. Thermal demagnetization diagrams of the representative specimens

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图 6 高温分量的等面积投影

a.风成相沉积层面样品；b.河湖相样品；c.风成相沉积层面与河湖相对比。实心、空心五角星分别代表风成相、河湖相; D_s为磁偏角; I_s为磁倾角；κ为Fish统计精度参数；α₉₅为95%置信区间的半顶角角度；n为数据量

Figure 6. Equal-area projections of the high-temperature components (HTCs)

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图 7 代表性样品薄片镜下特征

a~f.风成相样品；g, h.河湖相样品(f, h为正交偏光照片)

Figure 7. The microscopic images of representative samples

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图 8 风成红层剖面样品砾石检验及高温分量的等面积投影

a.砾石检验；b.层面样品通过沉积层面校正结果；c.前积纹层样品通过层面校正结果；d.前积纹层样品通过前积纹层面校正结果；e.前积纹层样品高温分量和层面样品对比。实心、空心点分别为下、上半球投影；五角星分别代表平均方向；实心、空心五角星表示层面样品、前积纹层样品

Figure 8. Conglomerate test and equal-area projections of the high-temperature components (HTCs) of specimens from the aeolian red beds

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图 9 风积红层的前积纹层和前积纹层不同位置样品的磁倾角的示意图

a.采样位置示意图(通过地层产状校正到古水平面)；b.对应a中各样品的磁倾角(水平线为层面样品的磁倾角)

Figure 9. Schematic diagram showing the foreset of aeolian red beds and magnetic inclinations of specimens from different positions of the foreset bed

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表 1 松江村剖面风成相红层层面及前积纹层样品的高温分量(地层坐标系)

Table 1. High-temperature components (HTCs) of specimens from the aeolian red beds and aeolian foreset bed at Songjiangcun in stratigraphic coordinates

样品名	退磁温度/℃	步数	D_s/(°)	I_s/(°)	MAD	样品名	退磁温度/℃	步数	D_s/(°)	I_s/(°)	MAD
Ba-6B	600~680	6	255.4	-71.5	6.5	Fa-5B	620~680	4	180.0	-45.9	7.0
Bb-3B	600~680	5	216.2	-20.1	12.8	Fa-6B	600~680	5	253.1	2.5	10.6
Bb-8B	640~680	3	212.7	-36.7	9.6	Fb-1B	600~680	5	137.7	-4.8	10.2
Bb-9B	640~680	3	196.3	-18.4	10.8	Fb-3B	600~660	4	237.6	-6.2	12.4
Bc-2	600~680	5	277.3	-31.2	14.3	Fd-1B	600~680	5	210.8	-14.5	14.4
Bc-5	640~680	3	224.4	-35.8	7.6	Fd-7B	620~680	4	153.0	-36.0	13.9
Bc-7	620~680	4	277.8	-14.3	13.5	Fe-5B	580~680	6	224.7	-39.5	9.2
Bd-1	640~680	3	211.5	-24.3	10.9	Fe-6C	620~680	4	161.1	-51.5	12.6
Bd-3	600~660	4	234.8	-53.6	8.0	Fe-7B	560~660	6	218.7	-23.7	14.6
Bd-4B	580~660	5	155.0	-46.5	14.6	Fe-8B	600~680	5	251.6	-36.9	11.8
Bd-5B	620~680	4	177.7	-62.5	6.8
注：样品编号B开头为取自层面样品；F为取自前积纹层样品；D_s为磁偏角；I_s为磁倾角；MAD为最大角偏差

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表 2 茶陵盆地风成相和河湖相红层样品密度测量数据

Table 2. Density of specimens from the aeolian red beds and lacustrine-fluvial bed in Chaling Basin

	样品名	密度/(g·cm^-3)	样品名	密度/(g·cm^-3)
风成相	Fe-3A	2.050 1	Ba-4A	1.740 6
	Fe-4A	1.939 6	Ba-6A	1.751 8
	Fe-6B	1.993 6	Bb-1A	1.799 6
	Fe-9A	1.980 8	Bb-8A	1.879 7
	Fe-10A	1.949 6	Bd-5A	1.666 0
	密度平均值=1.875 g/cm³
河湖相	BJa-8A	2.034 4	QJb-3B	2.108 1
	BJb-4A	2.136 9	QJb-3A	2.030 7
	BJb-7A	2.189 8	LFa-4A	2.212 6
	BJc-3A	2.207 4	LFa-5A	2.230 8
	BJc-8A	2.098 1	LFa-6A	2.217 4
	QJa-3A	1.968 5	LFa-10A	2.104 5
	QJa-4A	1.979 2	LFb-1A	2.269 2
	QJa-8A	1.999 2
	密度平均值=2.119 g/cm³

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