贵州省湿地碳储量与碳中和潜力分析

张美琪; 陈波; 赵敏

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220358

贵州省湿地碳储量与碳中和潜力分析

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220358

张美琪^1,,
陈波^1, ,,
赵敏²

1.
贵州财经大学, 贵阳 550025
2.
中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 550081

基金项目:

贵州省科技计划项目黔科合支撑[2021]一般456

贵州财经大学校级科研基金项目 2022KYQN05

详细信息

作者简介:
张美琪(1998—), 女, 现正攻读土地资源管理专业硕士学位, 主要从事土地生态治理与碳中和研究工作。E-mail: 1489777839@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈波(1990—), 男, 副教授, 主要从事气候变化与岩溶作用碳循环、土地生态治理与碳中和研究工作。E-mail: bobchen@mail.gufe.edu.cn

中图分类号: X141
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-14

Analysis of the carbon stock and carbon neutral potential of wetlands in Guizhou Province

Zhang Meiqi^1
,,
Chen Bo^{1
, ,},
Zhao Min²

1.
Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China

摘要

摘要:
湿地作为缓解气候变化的关键生态系统, 在碳捕获与碳封存方面发挥着不可替代的作用。湿地碳储量和影响因素的分析以及固碳潜力的预测, 对湿地生态保护与管理、国家"双碳"目标实现具有重要意义。应用ArcGIS10.8对《贵州省湿地保护发展规划》(以下简称规划)的3个时期(分别是: 1999-2009年; 2010-2018年; 2018年至今)湿地分布图采用遥感目视解译的方式进行矢量化并根据贵州省岩溶发育强度进行分区。采用生命带研究法与生物量估算法等对贵州省湿地面积和碳储量变化进行估算分析, 对重要湿地碳储量与单位面积碳储量进行估算并与全省湿地进行对比, 采用固碳潜力计算模型对贵州省重要湿地固碳潜力进行估算, 应用Origin软件对各相关影响因子进行数据分析。结果表明: ①贵州省湿地规划前期的面积为216 526.95 hm², 规划中期面积为209 726.85 hm²、规划后期面积为255 440.53 hm², 总体表现为先下降再升高, 总体面积增加38 913.58 hm²; ②贵州省湿地碳储量变化为: 规划前期为5.97×10⁵ t, 规划后期为3.78×10⁶ t, 是规划前期的6倍以上, 碳储量增加明显。其中, 贵州省重要湿地碳储量为3.24×10⁶ t, 占全省湿地碳储量85.71%, 固碳潜力十分显著; ③贵州省重要湿地的固碳潜力为1.14×10⁴ t C/a, 预计到2030和2060年, 湿地总固碳量分别达到7.99×10⁶ t C和8.34×10⁶ t C; ④温度、DIC浓度、有机碳含量与面积对贵州省重要湿地的碳储量影响较大, 重要湿地碳储量与DIC浓度、有机碳含量以及面积呈正相关, 而与温度呈负相关关系。对贵州省的湿地碳储量估算与碳中和潜力分析不仅可以了解贵州省湿地碳封存现状, 还可为区域湿地生态系统在"3060"双碳目标的贡献上提供理论参考。
- 湿地 /
- 碳储量 /
- 碳中和 /
- 固碳潜力 /
- 贵州省 /
- 湿地规划
Abstract:
As a key ecosystem for climate change mitigation, wetlands play an irreplaceable role in carbon capture and sequestration. The analysis of wetland carbon stocks and their influencing factors, as well as the prediction of carbon sequestration potential, are of great significance to the conservation and management of wetlands and the achievement of the national "double carbon" target.This study employed ArcGIS 10.8 to vectorize the wetland distribution map of the Wetland Protection and Development Plan of Guizhou Province (hereinafter referred to as the Plan) for three periods (1999-2009, 2010-2018, and 2018-present, respectively) by means of remote sensing visual interpretation and zoned them according to the intensity of karst development in Guizhou Province. The changes in wetland area and carbon stock in Guizhou Province were estimated and analyzed using the life belt research method and biomass estimation method, and the total carbon stock and carbon stock per unit area of key wetlands were estimated and compared with those of all wetlands in Guizhou Province. A calculation model was used to estimate the carbon sequestration potential of the key wetlands in Guizhou Province.The Origin software was applied to analyze the data on all relevant impact factors. The results showed that: ①The area of wetlands in Guizhou Province was 216, 526.95 hm², 209, 726.85 hm², and 255, 440.53 hm² in the pre-, mid-, and late-planning periods, respectively, with an overall decrease and then increase, and the total area increased by 38, 913.58 hm²; ② The wetland carbon stock in Guizhou Province was 3.78×10⁶ t in the late stage of planning, increasing significantly to more than 6 times of that in the early stage of planning(5.97×10⁵ t), among which the carbon stock of the key wetlands was 3.24×10⁶ t, accounting for 85.71% of the province's wetland carbon stock; ③ The carbon sequestration potential of the keywetlands in Guizhou Provincewas 1.14×10⁴ t C/a, and the total carbon sequestration of wetlands is expected to reach 7.99×10⁶ t C and 8.34×10⁶ t C by 2030 and 2060, respectively; and ④ The carbon stock of the key wetlands was positively correlated with DIC concentration, organic carbon content and wetland area and negatively correlated with temperature, indicating thattemperature, DIC concentration, organic carbon content and wetland area had a strong influence on the carbon stock of the key wetlands in Guizhou Province.The results of this study will not only facilitate the understanding of the current status of wetland carbon sequestration in Guizhou Province but also provide a theoretical reference for the contribution of regional wetland ecosystems to the "3060" dual carbon target.
- wetlands /
- carbon stock /
- carbon neutral /
- carbon sequestration potential /
- Guizhou Province /
- wetlands planning

HTML全文

图 1 规划后湿地(a)与重要湿地(b)

Figure 1. Post-planning wetlands (a) and the key wetlands (b)

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图 2 贵州省不同类型湿地碳储量变化图

Figure 2. Changes in carbon stocks in different types of wetlands in Guizhou Province

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图 3 贵州省重要湿地碳储量位点图

Figure 3. Site map showing carbon stock in the key wetlands in Guizhou Province

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图 4 贵州省重要湿地固碳潜力位点图

Figure 4. Carbon sequestration potential site map of key wetlands in Guizhou Province

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图 5 贵州省岩溶地貌发育等级

Figure 5. Grade of karst landform development in Guizhou Province

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图 6 贵州省重要湿地碳密度和碳储量影响因子相关性分析

Figure 6. Correlation analysis of carbon density and carbon stock influence factors in the key wetlands in Guizhou Province

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表 1 贵州省不同类型湿地面积变化

Table 1. Changes in the area of different types of wetlands in Guizhou Province

湿地类型	时期	面积/hm²	占比/%
河流湿地	规划前期	166 351.16	76.83
	规划中期	138 154.76	65.87
	规划后期	147 089.20	57.58
湖泊湿地	规划前期	-	-
	规划中期	2 517.70	1.21
	规划后期	3 637.40	1.42
沼泽湿地	规划前期	-	-
	规划中期	10 978.70	5.23
	规划后期	5 213.93	2.04
人工湿地	规划前期	50 175.79	23.17
	规划中期	58 075.69	27.69
	规划后期	99 500.00	38.95

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表 2 贵州省重要湿地面积

Table 2. Area of key wetlands in Guizhou Province

湿地	湿地类型	湿地面积/hm²	占比/%
自然	河流湿地	37 710.21	73.69
	湖泊湿地	3 637.40	7.11
	沼泽湿地	5 213.93	10.19
人工	人工湿地	4 615.40	9.02
总和		51 176.85	100.00

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表 3 计算数据及来源

Table 3. Data used for calculation and their sources

时期	数据名称	数值	数据来源
规划前	湿地面积/hm²	216 526.95	文献[14]
	HCO₃^-质量浓度/(mg·L^-1)	177.52	文献[17]
	湖泊植被碳储量/t C	818.40	文献[18]
	土壤碳密度(0~100 cm)/(kg C·m^-2)	11.44	文献[16]
	河流径流量/亿m³	993.35	文献[37]
规划中	湿地面积/hm²	209 726.85	文献[14]
	HCO₃^-质量浓度/(mg·L^-1)	168.89	文献[25-29]
	DOC质量浓度/(mg·L^-1)	6.62	文献[19]
	湖泊植被生物量/(g·L^-1)	107.00	试验数据
	沼泽植被碳密度/(kg C·m^-3)	3.71	文献[16]
	河流径流量/亿m³	977.75	文献[37]
	土壤碳密度(0~100 cm)/(kg C·m^-2)	5.57	文献[16]
	土壤容重/(g·cm^-3)	1.42	文献[15]
	土壤CO₂质量分数/(g·kg^-1)	3.08	文献[15]
	土壤厚度/cm	94.49	文献[15]
	石砾体积分数/%	6.79	文献[15]
规划后	湿地面积/hm²	255 440.53	文献[38-39]
	HCO₃^-质量浓度/(mg·L^-1)	228.49	文献[22-24]
	DOC质量浓度/(mg·L^-1)	6.62	文献[19]
	植被碳密度/(kg C·m^-2)	37.33	文献[31]
	河流径流量/亿m³	1 141.44	文献[37]
	土壤容重/(g·cm^-3)	1.19	文献[30]
	土壤CO₂质量分数/(g·kg^-1)	19.42	文献[30]
	土壤厚度/cm	37.23	文献[30]
	石砾体积分数/%	37.79	文献[30]
	植被碳密度/(kg C·m^-2)	39.31	文献[31]

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表 4 贵州省湿地碳储量变化

Table 4. Changes in wetland carbon stock in Guizhou Province

湿地类型	时期	单位面积碳储量/(g C·m^-1)	总碳储量/t
河流湿地	规划前期	10.58	1.76×10⁴
	规划中期	11.95	1.65×10⁴
	规划后期	17.74	2.61×10⁴
湖泊湿地	规划前期	-	-
	规划中期	29 530	7.44×10⁵
	规划后期	24 080	8.76×10⁵
沼泽湿地	规划前期	-	-
	规划中期	7 420.00	8.15×10⁵
	规划后期	44 640.00	2.33×10⁶
人工湿地	规划前期	1 150.00	5.79×10⁵
	规划中期	569.85	3.31×10⁵
	规划后期	550.75	5.48×10⁵

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表 5 贵州省湿地总碳储量变化

Table 5. Changes in total carbon stock of wetlands in Guizhou Province

时期	单位面积碳储量/(g C·m^-2)	总碳储量/t
规划前期	275.72	5.97×10⁵
规划中期	910.71	1.91×10⁶
规划后期	1 480.00	3.78×10⁶

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表 6 贵州省重要湿地固碳潜力

Table 6. Carbon sequestration potential of the key wetlands in Guizhou Province

湿地类型	面积/hm²	固碳速率/(g C·m^-2a^-1)	固碳潜力/(t C·a^-1)
河流湿地	37 710.12	22.49	8 480
湖泊湿地	3 637.40	20.08	730
沼泽湿地	5 213.93	24.80	1 293
人工湿地	4 615.40	22.49	1 038
总和	51 176.85		11 541

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表 7 贵州省湿地退耕还湖还泽固碳潜力

Table 7. Carbon sequestration potential of wetlands in Guizhou Province after returning farmland to lake and swamp

恢复措施	面积潜力/(hm²·a^-1)	固碳潜力/(t C·a^-1)
退耕还湖	33.64	6.82
退耕还泽	47.12	11.69

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表 8 贵州省湿地保护工程固碳潜力

Table 8. Carbon sequestration potential of wetland protection projects in Guizhou Province

湿地类型	面积潜力/(hm²·a^-1)	固碳潜力/(t C·a^-1)
河流湿地	626.330 1	140.86
湖泊湿地	60.413 8	12.13
沼泽湿地	86.598 5	21.48
人工湿地	76.657 5	15.58
总和	850.000 0	190.05

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贵州省湿地碳储量与碳中和潜力分析

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220358

作者简介:
张美琪(1998—), 女, 现正攻读土地资源管理专业硕士学位, 主要从事土地生态治理与碳中和研究工作。E-mail: 1489777839@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈波(1990—), 男, 副教授, 主要从事气候变化与岩溶作用碳循环、土地生态治理与碳中和研究工作。E-mail: bobchen@mail.gufe.edu.cn

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Analysis of the carbon stock and carbon neutral potential of wetlands in Guizhou Province

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贵州省湿地碳储量与碳中和潜力分析

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220358

作者简介: 张美琪(1998—), 女, 现正攻读土地资源管理专业硕士学位, 主要从事土地生态治理与碳中和研究工作。E-mail: 1489777839@qq.com

通讯作者: 陈波(1990—), 男, 副教授, 主要从事气候变化与岩溶作用碳循环、土地生态治理与碳中和研究工作。E-mail: bobchen@mail.gufe.edu.cn

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Analysis of the carbon stock and carbon neutral potential of wetlands in Guizhou Province

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作者简介:
张美琪(1998—), 女, 现正攻读土地资源管理专业硕士学位, 主要从事土地生态治理与碳中和研究工作。E-mail: 1489777839@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈波(1990—), 男, 副教授, 主要从事气候变化与岩溶作用碳循环、土地生态治理与碳中和研究工作。E-mail: bobchen@mail.gufe.edu.cn