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库水位下降叠加降雨作用时堆积层滑坡渗流-变形机制

许艺林 李远耀 李思德 石浩

许艺林, 李远耀, 李思德, 石浩. 库水位下降叠加降雨作用时堆积层滑坡渗流-变形机制[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(1): 216-228. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220417
引用本文: 许艺林, 李远耀, 李思德, 石浩. 库水位下降叠加降雨作用时堆积层滑坡渗流-变形机制[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(1): 216-228. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220417
XU Yilin, LI Yuanyao, LI Side, SHI Hao. Seepage-deformation mechanism of colluvial landslides under the action of reservoir water level decline and rainfall[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(1): 216-228. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220417
Citation: XU Yilin, LI Yuanyao, LI Side, SHI Hao. Seepage-deformation mechanism of colluvial landslides under the action of reservoir water level decline and rainfall[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(1): 216-228. doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220417

库水位下降叠加降雨作用时堆积层滑坡渗流-变形机制

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220417
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 42172286

详细信息
    作者简介:

    许艺林, E-mail: 754203218@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    李远耀, E-mail: lyuanyaoli2007@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P642.22

Seepage-deformation mechanism of colluvial landslides under the action of reservoir water level decline and rainfall

More Information
  • 摘要:

    随着水库工程的兴建,库区堆积层滑坡变形失稳的问题日益突出。该类滑坡变形往往发生在库水位下降期,且在降雨作用下更加明显,库水位下降与降雨共同作用下滑坡的渗流-变形机制是其中的关键科学问题。以三峡库区万州石龙门滑坡为原型,通过设计物理模型试验,分析在库水位下降叠加不同强度降雨作用时,坡体的宏观现象及坡内的压力变化,揭示了堆积层滑坡在复杂水文条件下的渗流-变形机制。库水位下降对坡体前缘渗流的控制作用更加明显,而降雨会显著抬升坡体中后部水头,两者联合会增大坡内水力梯度从而诱发坡体变形。此类滑坡在库水位下降时的渗流-变形机制为:无降雨作用时,受坡体内外水头差影响仅出现浅层的坡表冲刷型作用,在联合降雨作用下,则转为动水压力型作用,在百年一遇暴雨条件下,坡体在高水位附近出现裂缝,进而发生整体变形,最大位移量可达58.3 mm。本研究成果可为复杂水文条件下堆积层滑坡风险防控提供理论依据。

     

  • 图 1  石龙门滑坡位置图

    Figure 1.  Location of the Shilongmen landslide

    图 2  石龙门滑坡剖面图

    Figure 2.  Profile of the Shilongmen landslide

    图 3  石龙门滑坡现场监测点

    Figure 3.  Site monitoring points of the Shilongmen landslide

    图 4  滑坡中部位移监测结果图

    Figure 4.  Displacement monitoring results in the middle of the landslide

    图 5  滑体材料配置

    Figure 5.  Material configuration of sliding mass

    图 6  滑带材料配置

    Figure 6.  Material configuration of sliding zone

    图 7  室内土工试验

    Figure 7.  Indoor geotechnical test

    图 8  滑坡模型整体效果图

    Figure 8.  Overall effect drawing of the landslide model

    图 9  坡体模型设计图

    K1, K2, K3, K4, K5为孔隙水压力监测点;T1, T2, T3, T4, T5为土压力监测点

    Figure 9.  Slope model design drawing

    图 10  降雨与库水位模拟系统示意图

    Figure 10.  Schematic diagram of the rainfall simulation system

    图 11  降雨模拟系统主控机

    Figure 11.  Main controller of the rainfall simulation system

    图 12  进水管与小型抽水泵

    Figure 12.  Inlet pipe and small pump

    图 13  工况一宏观变形

    Figure 13.  Macroscopic deformation of the condition Ⅰ

    图 14  工况二宏观变形

    Figure 14.  Macroscopic deformation of the condition Ⅱ

    图 15  工况三宏观变形

    Figure 15.  Macroscopic deformation of the condition Ⅲ

    图 16  孔隙水压力变化图

    Figure 16.  Variation diagram of pore water pressure

    图 17  土压力变化图

    Figure 17.  Variation diagram of soil pressure

    图 18  工况三变形阶段位移曲线图

    Figure 18.  Displacement curve of the deformation stage under working condition Ⅲ

    图 19  S1~S5水力梯度变化图

    Figure 19.  S1-S5 hydraulic gradient change diagram

    表  1  相似材料配比及参数

    Table  1.   Proportioning and parameters of similar materials

    重度/(kN·m-3) C/kPa φ/(°) 渗透系数k/(cm·s-1)
    原型 模型 原型 模型 原型 模型 原型 模型
    滑体 20.1 20 38 0.53 15.2 32.0 7.8×10-4 3.18×10-5
    滑带 21 21 27 0.21 12.9 10.5
    滑体配比 滑体土∶河砂∶膨润土∶水=30∶60∶1.5∶8.5 滑带配比 玻璃珠∶膨润土∶水=69∶23∶8
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  模型试验工况设计

    Table  2.   Design of model test conditions

    原型工况 模型工况
    工况一 库水位175~145 m 库水位175~145 m
    工况二 库水位175~145 m+10年一遇降雨(66.6 mm/d) 库水位175~145 m+10年一遇降雨(8.2 mm/d)
    工况三 库水位175~145 m+100年一遇降雨(106.7 mm/d) 库水位175~145 m叠加100年一遇降雨(13.2 mm/d)
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-07-27
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