降雨入渗条件下堆积体边坡致灾因子试验分析

翟淑花; 于家烁; 齐干; 刘欢欢; 冒建; 王云涛

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220488

降雨入渗条件下堆积体边坡致灾因子试验分析

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220488

1.
北京市地质灾害防治研究所, 北京 100120
2.
中国地质环境监测院, 北京 100081

基金项目:

北京市自然科学基金项目 8202026

北京市自然科学基金项目 8182022

国家重点研发计划课题 2019YFC1509604

详细信息

作者简介:
翟淑花(1979—)，女，正高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警研究工作。E-mail: zhaishuhuahbu@163.com

中图分类号: P642.22
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-02

Triggering factor analysis of deposit slope under rainfall infiltration based on laboratory experiments

1.
Beijing Institute of Geological Hazard Prevention, Beijing 100120, China
2.
China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100081, China

摘要

摘要:
堆积体边坡稳定性判别和分析是地质灾害防治重点，分别以密实细颗粒边坡和松散碎石体边坡为例，开展了降雨入渗作用下坡体失稳室内模型试验，系统分析了密实度、物质组成、坡度以及植被覆盖度对边坡稳定性和降雨阈值的影响。结果表明，降雨入渗作用下，物质组成较均匀、密实度高的细颗粒边坡稳定性较好，坡体失稳降雨阈值高，致灾性较低；物质组成不均、松散碎石体边坡相较于密实细颗粒边坡更容易失稳破坏，含石量对坡体稳定性的影响要大于坡体坡度；坡体失稳临界降雨量随植被覆盖度的增大先升高后降低，即当降雨入渗致使边坡土体过饱和时，较高的植被覆盖度反而会由于植被根系的强发育，触发坡体和植被整体破坏，并加大坡体致灾能力。研究成果可以为堆积体边坡失稳机理研究及其稳定性评价提供理论依据。
- 密实细颗粒边坡 /
- 松散碎石体边坡 /
- 体积含水率 /
- 孔隙水压力 /
- 植被覆盖度 /
- 降雨入渗
Abstract:
The identification and analysis of the deposit slope stability is the focus of geological disaster prevention and control. Taking dense-fine grained slopes and loose gravel slopes as examples, a series of flume tests under rainfall infiltration were carried out. The effects of density, material composition, slope angle and vegetation coverage on slope stability and rainfall threshold were systematically analyzed. The results show that under rainfall infiltration, the dense-fine grained slope with uniform material composition and high density was more stable, resulting in a higher rainfall threshold and a lower catastrophability. The slope with non-uniformmaterial composition and loose gravel was more likely to fail than the slope with dense fine particles. The influence of the stone content on the stability of the slope is greater than that of the slope gradient. The critical rainfall of landslides increases first and then decreases with an increasing vegetation coverage; that is, when rainfall infiltration causes the slope soil to be supersaturated, the higher vegetation coverage will trigger the whole deformation of slope and vegetation due to the strong development of vegetation roots, which increases the catastrophability of the slope.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the instability mechanism and stability evaluation of deposit slopes.
- dense fine particle slope /
- loose gravel slope /
- volume water content /
- pore water pressure /
- vegetation coverage /
- rainfall infiltration

HTML全文

图 1 试验槽及降雨机布设图

Figure 1. Layout of the flume and rainfall machine

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 坡度40°密实坡体模型及传感器布设图(单位: mm)

Figure 2. Model and monitoring layout of the dense slope with angle of 40°

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图 3 坡度40°密实坡体失稳模式

Figure 3. Instability mode of the dense slope with angle of 40°

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图 4 降雨量-体积含水率动态变化图

Figure 4. Volume water content change under different rainfall events

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图 5 降雨量-孔隙水压力动态变化图

Figure 5. Pore water pressure change under different rainfall events

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图 6 坡度40°和50°密实坡体模型及传感器布设图(单位: mm)

Figure 6. Model and monitoring layout of dense slopes with angles of 40° and 50°

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图 7 40°(a)和50°(b)密实坡体失稳模式

Figure 7. Instability mode of dense slopes with angles of 40° (a) and 50°(b)

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图 8 不同坡度边坡的降雨量-体积含水率动态变化图

Figure 8. Dynamic change of rainfall and volume water content under slopes with different angles

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图 9 不同坡度边坡的降雨量-孔隙水压力动态变化图

Figure 9. Dynamic clange of rainfall and pore water pressure under slopes with different angles

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图 10 松散堆积体模型试验俯视图(单位: mm)

Figure 10. Model and monitoring layout of the loose slope

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图 11 1~9号试验边坡坡体破坏前(a, c, e)、后(b, d, f)形态对比图

Figure 11. Comparison of slopes of No.1 to No.9 configurations before (a, c, e) and after (b, d, f) failure

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图 12 不同坡度及碎石比作用下坡体失稳临界累计降雨量

Figure 12. Critical rainfall of slope instability under different slopes and gravel ratios

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图 13 碎石比为0(a), 20%(b), 50%(c)时降雨量、土壤含水率、孔隙水压力变化图

Figure 13. Variation of rainfall, soil water content and pore water pressure at a gravel ratio of 0(a), 20%(b) and 50%(c)

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图 14 不同植被覆盖度(0, 15%, 30%, 60%)坡体破坏前(a, c)、后(b, d)图

Figure 14. Comparison of slopes before (a, c) and after (b, d) failure with different vegetation coverage of 0, 15%, 30%, 60%

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图 15 不同植被覆盖度下堆积体边坡临界降雨量

Figure 15. Critical rainfall map of accumulation slope under different vegetation coverage

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表 1 松散堆积体室内试验设计

Table 1. Experimental design of the loose accumulation slope

序号	坡度/(°)	碎石比/%
1	50	50
2	60	20
3	40	0
4	40	50
5	40	20
6	50	0
7	60	50
8	50	20
9	60	0

下载: 导出CSV

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