胶东大尹格庄金矿成矿流体时空演化及矿床成因：来自流体包裹体、成矿元素和H-O-S-Pb同位素证据

严子清; 石文杰; 张鹏涛; 王勇军; 邵玉宝; 黄鑫; 宋宇; 谭俊; 王治华

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220507

胶东大尹格庄金矿成矿流体时空演化及矿床成因：来自流体包裹体、成矿元素和H-O-S-Pb同位素证据

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220507

严子清^1,,
石文杰^1, ,,
张鹏涛²,
王勇军^{1, 3},
邵玉宝³,
黄鑫³,
宋宇³,
谭俊¹,
王治华¹

1.
中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院, 武汉 430074
2.
江西省地质局生态地质大队, 南昌 330030
3.
山东省煤田地质规划勘察研究院, 济南 250104

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42273067

山东省部省协议地质勘查项目"山东省烟台市牟平区将军石-曲河庄断裂带深部金矿普查" 鲁勘字[2022]32号

详细信息

作者简介:
严子清, E-mail: yanziqing@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
石文杰, E-mail: shiwenjie@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P618.51
计量
- 文章访问数: 298
- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-06
- 录用日期: 2022-11-30
- 修回日期: 2022-11-18

Ore genesis and vertical variations of ore-forming fluids in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit, Jiaodong Peninsula: Constraints from fluid inclusions, ore forming elements, and H-O-S-Pb isotopes

1.
School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Ecological Geology Brigade of Jiangxi Geological Bureau, Nanchang 330030, China
3.
Shandong Coalfield Geological Planning Investigation Institute, Jinan 250104, China

More Information

Author Bio:
YAN Ziqing, E-mail: yanziqing@cug.edu.cn

Corresponding author: SHI Wenjie, E-mail: shiwenjie@cug.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
大尹格庄金矿位于招平成矿带中段, 是胶东地区典型的构造蚀变岩型金矿床, 储量达到超大型规模, 但关于该矿床的成因类型尚存在较大争议。在详细野外地质调查的基础上开展了该矿床成因和成矿流体纵向变化特征研究。流体包裹体研究表明, 成矿流体为中温、低盐度、中低密度的H₂O-CO₂-NaCl±CH₄体系。从成矿早期到晚期各阶段(Ⅰ~Ⅳ阶段)均一温度和盐度逐渐降低, 密度逐渐增加。氢氧同位素组成显示成矿流体早期以岩浆水为主, 后期有大气降水的混入, 主成矿阶段可能存在流体沸腾作用; 黄铁矿硫铅同位素组成表明成矿物质来源于深源壳幔混合岩浆。成矿过程和背景总体与胶东其他金矿床类似, 形成于克拉通破坏环境。浅部与深部流体和物质组成的对比研究表明, 在垂向纵深范围内成矿流体性质、金银成矿强度和金成色稳定一致, 金沉淀具有宽泛而稳定的环境, 指示大尹格庄金矿床深部仍然具有很大的成矿潜力和找矿空间。
- 流体包裹体 /
- H-O-S-Pb同位素 /
- 金成色 /
- 矿床成因 /
- 深部找矿 /
- 成矿流体 /
- 大尹格庄
Abstract: Objective
The Dayingezhuang gold deposit in the middle of the Zhaoping metallogenic belt represents a typical altered-rock type deposit with a giant Au reserve of 283 tons on the Jiaodong Peninsula. The genetic type of the deposit is still controversial.
Methods
Based on detailed field observations, ore genesis and variations in ore-forming fluids from different depths were investigated in this study.
Results
Fluid inclusion studies show that the ore-forming fluids formed an H₂O-CO₂-NaCl±CH₄ system with moderate temperature, low salinity, and moderate-low density. Furthermore, the temperatures and salinities decrease gradually from the early to late mineralization stages(Ⅰ-Ⅳ), but the opposite occurs at densities. Hydrogen and O isotopic compositions show that the ore fluids were dominated by magmatic water in the early stage, with subordinate meteoric water input during the late stages. Fluid boiling occurred possibly during the main mineralization stages. Sulfur and Pb isotopes of pyrite indicate that the ore-forming materials were derived from deep crust-mantle mixed magma. Overall, the mineralization process and tectonic setting are similar to those of the other Jiaodong gold deposits in a craton-destruction environment.
Conclusion
Comprehensive comparisons of ore fluids, Au and Ag contents, and gold fineness between shallow and deep ores show that ore fluids and mineralization intensity are consistent throughout the deposit. Gold precipitation has a broad and stable environment, indicating the great potential for mineral exploration in deep spaces.
- fluid inclusion /
- H-O-S-Pb isotopes /
- gold fineness /
- ore genesis /
- deep exploration /
- ore-forming fluid /
- Dayingezhuang
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

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图 1 胶东区域地质图(据文献[36]修改)

Figure 1. Regional geological map of the Jiaodong Peninsula

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图 2 大尹格庄金矿床地质简图(据文献[16]修改)

Figure 2. Geological map of the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 3 大尹格庄金矿床矿体地质图(据文献[15]修改)

Figure 3. Geological map of orebodies in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 4 大尹格庄金矿床矿石宏观和显微特征

a.钾长石交代斜长石；b.致密浸染状黄铁矿；c.细脉状黄铁矿d.半自形-它形粗粒黄铁矿；e.闪锌矿中包含黄铁矿和黄铜矿颗粒；f.它形粒状自然金分布在黄铁矿裂隙；g.黄铜矿交代黄铁矿；h.绢云母化蚀变；i.硅化蚀变；Py.黄铁矿；Ccp.黄铁矿；Gn.方铅矿；Sph.闪锌矿；Au.自然金；Q.石英；Sd.菱铁矿；Pl.斜长石；Kfs.钾长石; Ser.绢云母

Figure 4. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of ore in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 5 大尹格庄金矿床矿物共生组合

Figure 5. Mineral paragenesis of the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 6 大尹格庄金矿床流体包裹体显微照片

a~d.气液两相包裹体；e~f.含CO₂三相包裹体；V.气相；L.液相

Figure 6. Microphotographs of fluid inclusions in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 7 大尹格庄金矿床流体包裹体均一温度直方图

Figure 7. Histogram of homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 8 大尹格庄金矿床流体包裹体盐度(a)及密度(b)直方图

Figure 8. Histogram of salinity (a) and density (b) of fluid inclusions in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 9 大尹格庄金矿床H-O同位素组成图(混合计算见文献[56]修改)

端元数据：初始大气水：δD=-120‰，δ¹⁸O=16.5‰^[52]；初始岩浆水：δD=-90‰，δ¹⁸O=10.5‰^[52]；变质岩：δD=-90‰，δ¹⁸O=10‰^[53]；石英脉型金矿和蚀变岩型金矿数据来自文献[54-56]；黑色实线：变质岩在不同温度下与初始大气水的水岩反应演化曲线；灰色实线：变质岩在不同温度下与初始岩浆水的水岩反应质化曲线

Figure 9. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 10 大尹格庄金矿床与胶东地区硫同位素组成对比图

胶东群、中基性脉岩和玲珑花岗岩数据均来自文献[60]，荆山群数据来自文献[61]，郭家岭花岗岩数据来自文献[53]，石英脉型金矿和蚀变岩型金矿数据来自文献[4, 60, 62-63]，大尹格庄金矿数据来自文献[15, 18, 20, 24]和本研究

Figure 10. Sulfur isotopic compositions of the Dayingezhuang gold deposit and other deposits and geologic bodies in the Jiaodong province

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图 11 大尹格庄与胶东地区不同地质体铅同位素组成对比图(据文献[65]修改)

A.地幔；B.造山带；C.上地壳；D.下地壳

Figure 11. Lead isotopic compositions of the Dayingezhuang gold deposit compared to other geologic bodies in the Jiaodong province

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图 12 大尹格庄金矿床流体包裹体均一温度、盐度及密度垂向变化示意图

Figure 12. Diagram of vertical variations in homogenization, salinity and density from fluid inclusions in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 13 大尹格庄金矿床w(Au)和w(Ag)垂向投影图

Figure 13. Vertical distribution of Au and Ag contents in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 14 大尹格庄金矿金成色的时空变化图

Figure 14. Gold fineness of gold minerals in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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图 15 大尹格庄金矿床Au物质沉淀机制分析图

①，②，③表示影响Au含量的不同途径

Figure 15. Precipitation mechanism of Au and Ag contents in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

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表 1 大尹格庄矿床流体包裹体测温结果

Table 1. Characteristics and parameters of fluid inclusions in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

成矿阶段	样品编号	深度/m	测定矿物	类型	T_{m, CO₂}/℃	T_{m, cl}/℃	T_{h, CO₂}/℃		T_{m, ice}/℃		T_{h, TOT}/℃		盐度w(NaCl_eqv)/%	密度/(g·cm^-3)
成矿阶段	样品编号	深度/m	测定矿物	类型	T_{m, CO₂}/℃	T_{m, cl}/℃	范围	均值	范围	均值	范围	均值	盐度w(NaCl_eqv)/%	密度/(g·cm^-3)
Ⅰ	DYGZ-16-3	-94.6	石英						-10.1~ -2.1	-7.1	228.9~391.7	310.7	3.55~14.04	0.73~0.82
	DYGZ-3	-213							-4.6~ -4.5	-4.2	310.7~365.9	330.7	5.71~7.31	0.67~0.74
	DYGZ-21	-310		L_H₂O-V_H₂O					-9.6~ -5.2	-7.3	316.2~445.6	361.2	8.14~13.51	0.53~0.82
	DYGZ-7	-810							-10.6~ -3.6	-7.2	289.8~383.2	330.4	5.86~14.57	0.73~0.85
	DYGZ-10	-456							-8.0~ -5.6	-6.9	280.0~389.0	333.0	8.68~11.70	0.70~0.84
	DYGZ-10	-456		L_H₂O-L_CO₂-V_CO₂	-57.7~-56.6	6.7~7.9	23.3~31.1	27.2			270.1~352.8	346.0	4.08~6.29
Ⅱ	DYGZ-4-2	-310							-9.0~ -3.5	-5.7	304.4~362.0	326.3	5.71~12.85	0.73~0.81
	DYGZ-4-1	-310							-16.7~ -2.7	-7.1	288.0~385.0	332.2	4.49~19.99	0.71~0.91
	DYGZ-5	-405		L_H₂O-V_H₂O					-10.5~ -3.6	-6.0	288.0~348.5	319.5	5.86~14.46	0.68~0.85
	DYGZ-11	-468		L_H₂O-V_H₂O					-14.3~ -4.6	-9.2	252.8~363.1	312.1	7.31~18.04	0.68~0.84
	DYGZ-13	-538							-16.8~ -8.6	-12.3	210.6~386.6	309.8	12.96~20.07
	DYGZ-18	-213							-10.2~ -2.1	-5.1	284.3~370.9	310.6	3.55~14.15	0.71~0.83
	DYGZ-13	-538		L_H₂O-L_CO₂-V_CO₂	-59.0~-57.6	5.7~7.4	29.0~30.7	30.0			316.8~366.0	331.5	5.70~6.80
	DYGZ-18	-213		L_H₂O-L_CO₂-V_CO₂	-57.5~-57.1	6.2~6.6	29.8~31.1	30.6			280.0~298.1	284.6	6.20~6.60
Ⅲ	DYGZ-16-2	-94.6							-8.5~ -3.1	-5.8	264.2~332.0	296.0	5.11~12.28	0.77~0.85
	DYGZ-14	-100		L_H₂O-V_H₂O					-8.6~ -2.4	-4.8	230.0~316.7	281.6	4.03~12.39	0.75~0.88
	DYGZ-6	-405		L_H₂O-V_H₂O					-4.9~-8.0	-6.5	201.5~338.8	280.9	7.73~11.70	0.83~0.86
	DYGZ-12	-540							-15.6~ -1.1	-9.2	209.0~360.0	297.7	1.91~19.13
	DYGZ-12	-540		L_H₂O-L_CO₂-V_CO₂	-56.0~-55.6	7~8.5	19~24.1	21.7			262.0~289.0	276.4	7.00~8.50
Ⅳ	DYGZ-1T	-100		L_H₂O-V_H₂O					-6.4~ -2.9	-4.2	159.8~261.8	200.5	4.80~9.73	0.85~0.94
	DYGZ-16-1	-94.6							-6.7~ -4.6	-5.6	183.4~243.5	218.4	7.31~10.11	0.88~0.90
	DYGZ-15-1	-100							-11.2~ -4.9	-9.4	179.9~267.4	237.8	7.73~15.17	0.89~0.91
注：T_{m, CO₂}为固相CO₂的溶化温度；T_{m, cl}为笼合物的溶化温度；T_{h, CO₂}为CO₂的部分均一温度；T_{m, ice}为冰点温度；T_{h, TOT}为完全均一温度；盐度、密度计算公式据文献[47]

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表 2 大尹格庄金矿床氢氧同位素组成

Table 2. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

样品编号	成矿阶段	温度T/℃	δD_V-SMOW/‰	δO_V-SMOW/‰	δ¹⁸O_H₂O/‰
DYGZ-16-3	Ⅰ	324.5	-88.3	9.80	4.80
DYGZ-3		328.7	-92.5	12.8	7.92
DYGZ-21		353.8	-97.3	12.1	7.87
DYGZ-7		333.1	-90.3	11.2	6.44
DYGZ-10		336.8	-98.6	10.8	6.14
DYGZ-4-2	Ⅱ	308.1	-95.2	11.7	6.22
DYGZ-5		315.3	-93.4	12.1	6.84
DYGZ-11		334.2	-103.0	11.4	6.67
DYGZ-13		323.8	-102.0	12.2	7.18
DYGZ-18		320.5	-87.9	9.7	4.59
DYGZ-4-1		308.0	-94.9	8.7	3.22
DYGZ-1(D)	Ⅲ	300.0	-81.8	8.8	2.75
DYGZ-16-2		304.3	-77.3	10.2	4.60
DYGZ-14		300.0	-84.4	10.5	4.77
DYGZ-6		299.0	-89.7	10.2	4.44
DYGZ-12		306.0	-81.5	10.0	4.46
DYGZ-15-1	Ⅳ	173.8	-87.3	10.8	-0.82
DYGZ-16-1		231.6	-87.8	12.7	4.32
DYGZ-1(T)		259.8	-87.4	8.6	1.44
注：T为流体包裹体均一温度；δ¹⁸O_H₂O采用1 000lnα_石英-水=3.38×10⁶T^-2-3.40^[38]换算

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表 3 大尹格庄金矿床黄铁矿硫和铅同位素组成

Table 3. Sulfur and lead isotopic compositions of pyrite in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

样品编号	成矿阶段	δ³⁴S_V-CDT/‰	²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	μ	ω
DYGZ-16-3	Ⅰ	6.7	38.013	15.512	17.336	9.44	40.32
DYGZ-3		6.9	38.067	15.528	17.347	9.47	40.67
DYGZ-21		7.0	38.009	15.509	17.303	9.44	40.50
DYGZ-7		5.8	38.373	15.605	17.871	9.54	39.43
DYGZ-10		7.5	37.925	15.483	17.382	9.37	39.29
DYGZ-4-2	Ⅱ	5.9	38.020	15.511	17.306	9.44	40.55
DYGZ-5		5.3	38.115	15.540	17.371	9.49	40.86
DYGZ-11		7.6	38.105	15.527	17.431	9.45	40.26
DYGZ-18		4.7	38.040	15.525	17.306	9.47	40.79
DYGZ-4-1		6.3	37.996	15.508	17.306	9.44	40.40
DYGZ-1(D)	Ⅲ	5.8	38.010	15.511	17.332	9.44	40.32
DYGZ-16-2		5.7	37.975	15.505	17.281	9.44	40.44
DYGZ-14		5.1	38.005	15.512	17.336	9.44	40.28
DYGZ-6		3.1	37.983	15.505	17.317	9.43	40.23
DYGZ-12		5.8	37.976	15.508	17.284	9.44	40.46
DYGZ-15-1	Ⅳ	4.4	38.044	15.525	17.327	9.47	40.67
DYGZ-16-1		3.4	38.027	15.523	17.299	9.47	40.76
DYGZ-1(T)		4.0	38.060	15.529	17.340	9.47	40.69
注: μ=²³⁸U/²⁰⁴Pb; ω=²³²Th/²⁰⁴Pb

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表 4 大尹格庄金矿床不同阶段黄铁矿原位硫同位素组成

Table 4. Insitu S isotopic compositions of pyrite in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

黄铁矿亚类	δ³⁴S_V-CDT/‰	黄铁矿亚类	δ³⁴S_V-CDT/‰	黄铁矿亚类	δ³⁴S_V-CDT/‰
Py1	6.00	Py2	6.20	Py2	7.42
Py1	7.05	Py2	5.90	Py2	6.74
Py1	7.43	Py2	5.99	Py3	6.41
Py1	7.26	Py2	7.07	Py3	6.47
Py1	5.81	Py2	6.47	Py3	6.52
Py1	7.13	Py2	6.76	Py3	6.41
Py2	7.14	Py2	6.77	Py3	6.49
Py2	7.17	Py2	6.40	Py3	6.26
Py2	6.95	Py2	6.64	Py3	6.29
Py2	6.98	Py2	7.01	Py3	6.40
Py2	6.95	Py2	7.04	Py3	6.03
Py2	7.10	Py2	6.56	Py3	6.18

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表 5 大尹格庄矿石金及其他元素质量分数组成

Table 5. Compositions of Au and other elements in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit

分析元素含量单位	成矿阶段	Au^*	Au^**	Au	Ag	Cu	Pb	Zn
分析元素含量单位	成矿阶段	w_B/10^-6
DYGZ-16-3	Ⅰ	0.056	—	0.056	3.36	60.8	2 160	4 610
DYGZ-3		4.48	—	4.48	14.65	942	132.5	35.0
DYGZ-21		—	12.20	12.20	20.20	700	1 090	34.0
DYGZ-7		0.029	—	0.029	1.81	10.1	64.1	16.0
DYGZ-10		1.155	—	1.16	2.81	5.50	70.7	19.0
DYGZ-4-2	Ⅱ	8.75	—	8.75	240	36 200	2 150	612
DYGZ-5		—	14.65	14.7	15.75	37.4	711	12.0
DYGZ-11		9.28	—	9.28	21.1	55.8	460	33.0
DYGZ-13		3.03	—	3.03	12.45	594	113.5	16.0
DYGZ-18		—	91.40	91.4	18.05	1 120	506	16.0
DYGZ-4-1		—	24.70	24.7	7.86	1 090	199	77.0
DYGZ-1(D)	Ⅲ	3.57	—	3.57	6.87	78.1	714	43.0
DYGZ-16-2		—	182.5	182.5	610	1 210	50 800	585
DYGZ-14		9.99	—	9.99	92.6	6 990	200 000	384
DYGZ-6		—	28.60	28.6	85.5	7 800	1 315	20
DYGZ-12		—	112.5	112.5	830	6 980	41 500	291
DYGZ-15-1	Ⅳ	—	43.7	43.7	111	2 470	2 870	28
DYGZ-16-1		—	23.2	23.2	109	6 110	1 700	3 670
DYGZ-1(T)		—	22.7	22.7	238	4 100	7 770	87.0
注：“—”代表低于检出限; 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱分析法结果; *火试金-重量法结果；其他为等离子体发射光谱与等离子体质谱分析法结果

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表 6 大尹格庄金矿床金矿物电子探针成分分析

Table 6. Composition of gold mineral in the Dayingezhuang gold deposit according to EPMA

样品编号	成矿阶段	Ag	Te	Fe	S	Au	总量	金成色
样品编号	成矿阶段	w_B/%						金成色
DYGZ-4	Ⅱ	21.82	0.00	0.31	0.04	76.51	98.77	778
DYGZ-4		24.06	0.00	1.37	0.10	74.42	99.99	756
DYGZ-4		23.55	0.08	0.94	0.09	74.27	99.02	759
DYGZ-4		25.14	0.05	1.82	0.09	73.30	100.44	745
DYGZ-4		15.21	0.01	2.05	0.23	80.74	98.39	842
DYGZ-4		15.14	0.00	1.18	0.04	82.45	98.92	845
DYGZ-4		12.74	0.05	0.71	0.07	84.91	98.60	870
DYGZ-4		10.80	0.25	0.90	0.06	87.99	100.19	891
DYGZ-13		19.14	0.21	0.22	0.09	79.10	98.76	805
DYGZ-13		21.89	0.01	0.60	0.12	75.44	98.11	775
DYGZ-13		21.67	0.08	0.32	0.05	76.94	99.10	780
DYGZ-13		21.81	0.15	0.63	0.06	75.83	98.64	777
DYGZ-13		19.82	0.00	1.79	0.13	80.05	101.93	802
DYGZ-13		17.18	0.20	0.85	0.07	79.93	98.44	823
DYGZ-12	Ⅲ	35.52	0.32	0.20	0.02	62.67	98.99	638
DYGZ-12		36.25	0.16	0.04	0.02	63.22	99.82	636
DYGZ-12		40.48	0.26	0.27	0.01	58.33	99.82	590
DYGZ-12		39.51	0.29	0.54	0.05	58.91	100.22	599
DYGZ-12		37.20	0.07	0.10	0.03	60.90	98.63	621
DYGZ-12		36.56	0.26	0.11	0.00	63.06	100.30	633
DYGZ-12		32.87	0.35	0.24	0.01	66.27	100.33	668
DYGZ-12		35.37	0.13	0.39	0.19	62.78	98.94	640
DYGZ-12		38.15	0.16	0.28	0.03	59.87	98.66	611
DYGZ-12		36.45	0.09	0.18	0.03	63.07	99.89	634
DYGZ-12		30.20	0.14	0.13	0.00	68.78	99.56	695
DYGZ-12		39.19	0.16	0.09	0.01	58.93	98.49	601
DYGZ-12		38.97	0.03	0.06	0.05	61.35	100.50	612
DYGZ-12		43.42	0.22	0.06	0.00	56.56	100.50	566
DYGZ-12		36.50	0.13	0.09	0.03	62.16	99.05	630
DYGZ-12		42.99	0.12	0.19	0.05	57.18	100.86	571
DYGZ-12		29.41	0.12	0.15	0.05	68.56	98.46	700
DYGZ-12		39.75	0.22	0.47	0.09	60.62	101.39	604
DYGZ-12		35.89	0.24	0.29	0.00	62.83	99.57	636
注：金成色计算方法: Au/(Au+Ag)×1 000，其中Au、Ag代表质量分数

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