湖北省2019-2021年岩溶碳汇估算及其驱动因子分析

王懿洁; 马传明; 郭静; 党慧慧; 黄鹏; 范威

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220534

湖北省2019-2021年岩溶碳汇估算及其驱动因子分析

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220534

王懿洁^1,,
马传明^1, ,,
郭静^{2a, 2b},
党慧慧^{2a, 2b},
黄鹏¹,
范威^{2a, 2b}

1.
中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 武汉 430078
2a.
湖北省地质局资源与生态环境地质湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430034
2b.
湖北省地质局湖北省地质环境总站，武汉 430034

基金项目:

湖北省地质局项目“湖北地下水-土壤生态环境调查、监测与修复研究” KJ2022-13

湖北省地质局科技项目

详细信息

作者简介:
王懿洁, E-mail: 1316381077@qq.com

通讯作者:
马传明, E-mail: bjmcm@163.com

中图分类号: P642.25
计量
- 文章访问数: 328
- PDF下载量: 60
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-19
- 录用日期: 2022-12-12
- 修回日期: 2022-11-21

Estimation of karst carbon sinks and analysis of their driving factors in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2021

WANG Yijie^1
,,
MA Chuanming^{1
, ,},
GUO Jing^{2a, 2b},
DANG Huihui^{2a, 2b},
HUANG Peng¹,
FAN Wei^{2a, 2b}

1.
School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430078, China
2a.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource and Eco-Environment Geology, Hubei Geology Bureau, Wuhan 430034, China
2b.
Geological Environmental Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Geology Bureau, Wuhan 430034, China

More Information

Author Bio:
WANG Yijie, E-mail: 1316381077@qq.com

Corresponding author: MA Chuanming, E-mail: bjmcm@163.com

摘要

摘要:
碳酸盐岩在水循环过程中的碳汇效应显著，加之岩溶地貌在我国分布广泛，所以探求岩溶碳汇潜力的研究对制定区域增汇策略具有重要意义。选取位于西南岩溶区的湖北省为重点研究区域，基于水化学径流法及入渗-平衡化学法进行定量化计算和比较，利用ArcGIS空间分析技术整体评估湖北省2019-2021年岩溶碳汇的空间格局与量级，探索更适宜应用于区域尺度的岩溶作用碳汇估算方法，综合分析岩溶碳汇的驱动因子，发掘更大的增汇潜力。研究结果表明：(1)采用入渗-平衡化学法估算3 a碳汇强度大小为2020年>2019年>2021年，丰水年(2020年)岩溶碳汇总量约为枯水年(2019年)的6倍，3 a年均碳汇强度为12.84 t/(km²·a)，碳汇总量达163.89×10⁴ t/a；(2)相较于水化学径流法，入渗-平衡化学法计算结果更为准确，获取数据资料较为简单，大小空间尺度都具有一定的普适性；(3)碳汇作用变化是高度动态的，气候变化下变化幅度主要由径流深决定，碳汇强度随径流深增大而变强，土地利用类型调控着岩溶作用碳汇强度；(4)鄂西南地区岩溶作用强烈，可建立岩溶碳汇试验区，定量评估人工干预所带来的增汇效果。研究结果不仅提供了精确易行的岩溶碳汇估算方法，而且确定了湖北省岩溶碳汇的量级与空间格局，摸清了碳汇强度驱动因子的共同耦合作用，体现了岩溶碳汇的人为可调控性以及复杂性，进一步为环境保护政策、人工增汇措施的制定提供了可靠的科学依据。
- 岩溶碳汇 /
- 水化学径流法 /
- 入渗-平衡化学法 /
- ArcGIS空间分析 /
- 驱动因子 /
- 湖北省
Abstract: Objective
Carbonate rocks have a significant carbon sink effect in water cycle. Since karst landforms are widely distributed in China, research on the potential of karst carbon sinks plays an important role in formulating regional strategies for increasing carbon sinks.
Methods
In this study, groundwater monitoring points in Hubei Province, which is located in the karst area of Southwest China, were selected. Quantitative calculations and method comparisons were performed based on the hydrochemical runoff method and the infiltration-equilibrium chemistry method. The spatial pattern and magnitude of karst carbon sinks in the hilly mountains of Hubei Province from 2019 to 2021 were evaluated via ArcGIS spatial analysis techniques. Additionally, the most suitable method for estimating karst carbon sinks at the regional scale were explored, the comprehensive analysis of the drivers of karst carbon sinks was performed, and the potential for increasing sinks were explored.
Results
The results showed that: (1) the intensity of carbon sinks estimated by the infiltration-equilibrium chemistry method were 2020>2019>2021. The total amount of karst carbon sinks in wet year (2020) was approximately 6 times of that in dry year (2019). The average annual carbon sink intensity in the three years was 12.84 t/(km²·a) and the annual total amount of carbon reached 163.89×10⁴ t/a; (2) the infiltration-equilibrium chemistry method was more accurate in calculation results and simpler in data acquisition than the hydrochemical runoff method, and had a certain universality at both large and small spatial scales; (3) the change in carbon sinks was highly dynamic. The extent of changes in carbon sinks under climate change was mainly determined by runoff depth, with the intensity of carbon sinks increasing with runoff depth, while land use regulated the intensity of carbon sinks in karst processes; and (4) the karstification is strong in southwestern Hubei Province, so a pilot field of karst carbon sinks could be established within the area to quantitatively evaluate artificial interventions to increase carbon sinks.
Conclusion
This study not only provides an accurate and easy-to-use method for estimating karst carbon sinks, but also determines the magnitude and spatial pattern of karst carbon sinks in Hubei Province and figures out the coupling effect of the driving factors of carbon sink intensity, which demonstrates the complexity and anthropogenic control lability of karst carbon sinks. The results of this study provides a reliable scientific basis for the formulation of environmental protection policies and artificial sink increase measures.
- karst carbon sink /
- method of solute load /
- method of infiltration-equilibrium chemistry /
- ArcGIS spatial analysis /
- driving factor /
- Hubei Province
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

HTML全文

图 1 湖北省碳酸盐岩分布图(据文献[17]修改)

Figure 1. Map showing the distribution of different types of carbonate rock in Hubei Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 2021年岩溶碳汇强度、碳汇总量分级图

Figure 2. Graduated map of karst carbon sink intensity and total carbon sink in 2021

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 湖北省2019-2021年径流深分布图

Figure 3. Map showing the distribution of runoff depth in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2021

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 湖北省土壤P_CO₂分布图

Figure 4. Map showing the distribution of soil P_CO₂ in Hubei Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 2019-2021年湖北省岩溶碳汇强度空间分布图

Figure 5. Map showing the spatial distribution of karst carbon sink intensity in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2021

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 径流深、土壤P_CO₂与碳汇强度的相关性

Figure 6. Correlation of runoff depth, soil P_CO₂ with carbon sink intensity

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 湖北省各气象站点2019-2021年降雨量、蒸发量、径流深、碳汇强度变化

Figure 7. Changes in rainfall, evaporation, runoff depth and carbon sink intensity at meteorological stations in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2021

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 湖北省土地利用类型分布图

Figure 8. Map showing the distribution of land use types in Hubei Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 湖北省不同土地利用类型用地碳汇强度与径流深关系

Figure 9. Relationship between carbon sink intensity and runoff depth for different land use types in Hubei Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2021年湖北省岩溶碳汇计算

Table 1. Calculation of karst carbon sinks in Hubei Province for 2021

含水系统分区代码	含水系统分区	径流量/10⁸ m³	分区面积/ km²	径流模数/ (s^-1·km²)	碳汇强度/ (t·km^-2·a^-1)	碳酸盐岩面积/km²	碳汇总量/ (10⁴ t·a^-1)
GF-2-3	长江中上游干流区	4.41	1 884.03	23.43	23.68	824.23	1.95
GF-2-4	乌江流域区	6.43	4 240.82	15.16	16.2	3 952.92	6.40
GF-3-1-1-2-1	丹江口以上镇安基岩裂隙含水系统区	0.04	599.25	0.69	0.78	403.68	0.03
GF-3-1-1-3-1	丹江口以上宁陕-白河寒武系-奥陶系岩溶含水系统区	1.33	3 691.38	3.60	8.22	2 554.78	2.10
GF-3-1-1-4-1	丹江口以上安康寒武岩溶含水系统区	0.65	6 645.41	0.98	1.02	2 178.51	0.22
GF-3-1-1-6-1	丹江口以上十堰基岩裂隙含水系统区	0.80	10 268.52	0.78	1.51	409.31	0.06
GF-3-1-2-1-1	巴东至宜昌巴东三叠系岩溶含水系统区	2.94	3 753.53	7.84	13.55	1 361.5	1.84
GF-3-1-2-2-1	巴东至宜昌兴山南华系裂隙含水系统区	2.37	7 364.95	3.22	4.55	4 733.4	2.15
GF-3-1-3-1-1	丹江口以下至荆门流马桥岩浆岩-变质岩基岩裂隙含水系统区	0.46	3 127.13	1.48	2.36	1 394.08	0.33
GF-3-1-3-2-1	丹江口以下荆门干流南漳碎屑岩裂隙含水系统区	1.39	11 366.48	1.23	3.18	3 467.13	1.10
GF-3-1-3-3-1	丹江口以下至荆门干流京山碎屑岩裂隙含水系统区	2.96	5 296.26	5.59	17.46	2 351.24	4.11
GF-3-1-4-1-1	清江利川三叠系岩溶含水系统区	5.30	3 435.46	15.43	17.56	621.54	1.09
GF-3-1-4-2-1	清江野三关三叠系岩溶含水系统区	21.76	9 944.01	21.89	18.33	6 038.67	11.07
GF-3-1-4-3-1	清江长阳-五峰寒武系岩溶含水系统区	6.79	3 911.67	17.36	27.93	1 751.98	4.89
GF-3-1-5-1-1	宜昌至荆门左岸远安岩溶含水系统区	4.81	6 400.79	7.51	12.7	999.56	1.27
GF-3-1-6-1-1	武汉至湖口左岸随州岩浆岩-变质岩基岩裂隙含水系统区	6.39	25 338.33	2.52	4.6	285.79	0.13
GF-3-1-7-1-1	城陵姬至湖口右岸咸宁碎屑岩裂隙含水系统区	4.59	8 831.46	5.20	7.53	2 061.77	1.55
GF-3-1-7-2-1	城陵姬至湖口右岸黄石碎屑岩裂隙含水系统区	2.20	4 422.41	4.99	6.91	844.9	0.58
GF-3-4	洞庭湖水系区	13.14	6 903.59	19.03	22.71	6 325.24	14.36
	湖北省	88.76	127 425.48	8.31	12.98	42 560.23	55.23

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 2019-2021年湖北省岩溶碳汇计算

Table 2. Karst carbon sink calculations in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2021

年份	温度/℃	径流深/(mm·a^-1)	碳汇强度/(t·km^-2·a^-1)	碳酸盐岩面积/km²	碳汇总量/(10⁴ t·a^-1)	3 a年均碳汇强度/(t·km^-2·a^-1)
2019	17.1	172.46	4.28	42 560.23	18.21
2020	16.8	808.23	23.51	42 560.23	100.06	12.84
2021	17.4	350.82	10.72	42 560.23	45.62

下载: 导出CSV

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