致密砂岩储层微观孔喉结构及可动流体分布特征：以鄂尔多斯盆地东部神木地区盒8段储层为例

夏玉磊; 兰建平; 姚伟

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220574

致密砂岩储层微观孔喉结构及可动流体分布特征：以鄂尔多斯盆地东部神木地区盒8段储层为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220574

夏玉磊^{1, 2, ,},
兰建平^{1, 2},
姚伟¹

1.
中国石油天然气集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司, 西安 710018
2.
中国石油天然气集团油气藏改造重点实验室—二氧化碳压裂增产研究室, 西安 710018

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目 52004221

详细信息

通讯作者:
夏玉磊, E-mail: xiaylcqzt@163.com

中图分类号: P618.130.2⁺1
计量
- 文章访问数: 482
- PDF下载量: 53
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-22
- 录用日期: 2022-12-07
- 修回日期: 2022-12-02

Micropore structure and movable fluid distribution characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs: Taking the He 8 reservoir in the Shenmu area of the eastern Ordos Basin as an example

XIA Yulei^{1, 2
, ,},
LAN Jianping^{1, 2},
YAO Wei¹

1.
Changqing Downhole Technology Company, Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd., CNPC, Xi'an 710018, China
2.
Department of CO₂ Fracturing Stimulation, Key Laboratory of Reservoir Stimulation, CNPC, Xi'an 710018, China

More Information

Corresponding author: XIA Yulei, E-mail: xiaylcqzt@163.com

摘要

摘要:
致密砂岩复杂的孔喉结构导致多变的可动流体分布, 而微观孔隙结构和可动流体分布又是研究致密砂岩储层的重点。基于核磁共振可动流体测试原理, 采用离心试验、高压压汞、扫描电镜、X射线衍射及铸体薄片等方法, 建立了神木地区盒8段储层孔隙结构分类标准, 明确了3类岩石孔隙结构参数及孔隙、喉道类型, 提出了适用于目标储层转换系数的新方法, 并定量评价了3类岩石可动流体分布特征。研究结果表明, 目标储层中Ⅰ、Ⅱ类岩石孔隙以孔径大于10 μm的残余粒间孔和孔径大于1 μm的溶蚀孔为主, 喉道以缩小型和弯片状喉道为主, 孔隙结构参数较好, 大孔隙发育程度高、孔喉间连通性好、可动流体赋存量大, 大部分可动流体赋存于T₂谱右峰对应的大孔隙中, 而左峰对应的小孔隙中可动流体含量低。Ⅲ类岩石孔隙结构参数差、可动流体百分比低、孔喉以晶间孔和管束状喉道为主。目标储层平均转换系数为0.029 μm/ms, 但Ⅰ、Ⅱ类岩石转换系数小于Ⅲ类, 转换后的Ⅰ、Ⅱ类岩石T₂谱的右峰与压汞孔隙半径分布的主峰相对应, 而Ⅲ类岩石T₂谱的左峰与压汞孔隙半径分布的主峰相对应。Ⅰ、Ⅱ类岩石孔径大于1 μm的孔隙中可动流体百分比高, 是未来勘探开发的主要方向。研究成果为提高致密油藏采收率提供了参考和借鉴。
- 致密砂岩储层 /
- 高压压汞 /
- 核磁共振 /
- 可动流体 /
- 微观孔喉结构
Abstract: Objective
The complex pore throat structure of tight sandstone leads to variable distribution of movable fluid, and the micropore structure and distribution characteristics of movable fluid are the focus of the study of tight sandstone reservoirs.
Methods
Based on the principle of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) movable fluid test, the classification standard of pore structure of the He 8 reservoir in the Shenmu area was established using centrifugal test, high-pressure mercury injection, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and casting thin section. The pore structure parameters and pore throat types of the three types of rocks are defined, and a new method for measuring the conversion coefficient suitable for tight sandstone reservoirs was proposed. The distribution characteristics of movable fluid of three types of rocks were also quantitatively evaluated.
Results
The results reveal that the type Ⅰ and Ⅱ rock pores in the target reservoir are mainly residual intergranular pores with pore diameters greater than 10 μm and dissolution pores with pore diameters greater than 1 μm. The throats are mainly reduced and curved flaky throats, with good pore structure parameters, a high development degree of large pore space, good connectivity between pore throats, and a large amount of movable fluid.Most of the movable fluid occurs in the macropores corresponding to the right peak of the T₂ spectrum, while the content of the movable fluid in the small pores corresponding to the left peak is low. The pore structure parameters of type Ⅲ rocks are poor, the percentage of movable fluid is low, and the pore throats are mainly intergranular pores and tube bundle throats. The average conversion coefficient of the target reservoir is 0.029 μm/ms, but the conversion coefficients of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ rocks are less than that of type Ⅲ rocks. The right peak of the T₂ spectrum of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ rocks after conversion corresponds to the main peak of the mercury porosimetry pore radius distribution, while the left peak of the T₂ spectrum of type Ⅲ rocks corresponds to the main peak of the distribution of mercury porosimetry pore radius. The percentage of movable fluid in the pores of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ rocks with pore diameters greater than 1 μm is high, which is the main direction of exploration and development in the future.
Conclusion
The results provide a reference for improving the recovery of tight reservoirs.
- tight sandstone reservoir /
- high pressure mercury injection /
- nuclear magnetic resonance /
- movable fluid /
- micropore structure
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

HTML全文

图 1 Ⅰ类岩石不同离心力离心前后T₂谱分布

Figure 1. T₂ spectrum distribution of the typeⅠrock before and after centrifugation under different centrifugal forces

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 Ⅱ类岩石不同离心力离心前后T₂谱分布

Figure 2. T₂ spectral distribution of the type Ⅱ rock before and after centrifugation under different centrifugal forces

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 Ⅲ类岩石不同离心力离心前后T₂谱分布

Figure 3. T₂ spectrum distribution of the type Ⅲ rock before and after centrifugation under different centrifugal forces

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 目标储层孔隙类型及喉道类型

a.原生粒间孔充填的自生石英与叶片状绿泥石，扫描电镜，3号岩心；b.多边形粒间孔，铸体薄片，3号岩心；c.宽度不一的微裂缝，扫描电镜，5号岩心；d.孔隙缩小型喉道，铸体薄片，5号岩心；e.长石碎屑溶蚀形成的粒内溶孔，扫描电镜，7号岩心；f.长石溶蚀孔形状，铸体薄片，7号岩心；g.弯片状喉道，铸体薄片，9号岩心；h.晶间孔，扫描电镜，13号岩心；i.发育在伊/蒙混层之间的晶间孔，扫描电镜，15号岩心

Figure 4. Pore type and throat type of the target reservoir

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 3类岩石代表岩心最佳离心力后的可动流体分布

Figure 5. Movable fluid distribution of the representative core of the three rock types after the optimum centrifugal force

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 经过换算后的T₂谱分布与压汞法孔隙半径分布对比

Figure 6. Comparison of the T₂ spectrum distribution after conversion with the pore radius distribution of the mercury injection method

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图 7 3类岩石代表岩心可动流体及可动流体百分比分布

Figure 7. Movable fluid and the percentage distribution of movable fluid of the representative core of the three rock types

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图 8 3类岩石不同孔径区间内可动流体百分比

Figure 8. Movable fluid percentage in the different pore size intervals of the three rock types

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表 1 6块岩心不同离心力离心前后含水饱和度变化

Table 1. Changes in the water saturation of 6 cores before and after centrifugation with different centrifugal forces

样品数	施加[0.69, 2.09) MPa离心力		施加[2.09, 2.76) MPa离心力		施加[2.76, 4.14] MPa离心力
样品数	含水饱和度减少量/%	平均减少量/%	含水饱和度减少量/%	平均减少量/%	含水饱和度减少量/%	平均减少量/%
6	22.14~34.27	19.28	4.31~11.28	7.17	0.66~1.13	0.81

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表 2 实验岩心基本物性参数及转换系数

Table 2. Basic physical parameters and conversion coefficient of the experimental core

储层类型	岩心编号	储层物性		可动流体参数		压汞参数						最佳离心力下孔隙动用下限对应T₂值/ms	压汞与NMR之间转换系数/(μm·ms^-1)
储层类型	岩心编号	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3μm²	可动流体百分比/%	可动流体孔隙度/%	阈值压力/MPa	中值压力/MPa	中值半径/μm	平均孔喉半径/μm	分选系数	最大进汞饱和度/%	最佳离心力下孔隙动用下限对应T₂值/ms	压汞与NMR之间转换系数/(μm·ms^-1)
Ⅰ类	1	9.82	0.086	56.25	5.51	0.97	6.66	0.177	0.258	2.68	93.52	2.28	0.023
	2	6.43	0.045	48.07	3.09	1.55	10.27	0.145	0.495	1.85	94.65	2.76	0.019
	3	8.81	0.076	54.66	4.82	2.24	5.06	0.160	0.210	2.81	72.56	2.82	0.019
	4	6.35	0.067	38.75	2.46	3.96	12.31	0.066	0.117	2.86	68.99	1.98	0.027
	5	9.42	0.206	63.30	5.95	0.81	2.71	0.299	0.482	2.27	100.00	3.17	0.017
	平均	8.17	0.096	52.21	4.37	1.91	7.40	0.170	0.310	2.49	85.94	2.60	0.021
Ⅱ类	6	9.01	0.150	59.30	5.34	0.43	10.26	0.118	0.194	2.12	71.78	1.68	0.032
	7	6.89	0.082	40.59	2.80	0.51	5.97	0.135	0.282	3.51	99.45	3.53	0.015
	8	7.64	0.036	37.47	2.86	4.88	9.40	0.086	0.102	2.27	72.68	3.88	0.014
	9	7.25	0.020	28.34	2.05	6.30	18.38	0.044	0.059	3.06	73.9	4.26	0.012
	10	10.68	0.127	43.31	4.63	0.91	4.58	0.237	0.400	3.08	90.56	4.68	0.011
	平均	8.29	0.083	41.80	3.54	2.61	9.72	0.120	0.210	2.81	81.67	3.61	0.017
Ⅲ类	11	5.78	0.007	17.57	1.01	13.11	79.73	0.011	0.046	3.52	70.05	1.13	0.047
	12	5.11	0.005	26.63	1.36	21.90	137.76	0.006	0.034	3.25	52.20	1.08	0.049
	13	9.06	0.014	23.01	2.08	3.22	21.23	0.038	0.043	4.06	80.79	0.84	0.063
	14	9.69	0.030	14.75	1.43	2.05	18.66	0.043	0.116	3.69	98.90	1.32	0.040
	15	7.16	0.014	11.54	0.83	1.67	42.57	0.019	0.207	2.42	94.31	0.96	0.055
	平均	7.36	0.014	18.70	1.34	8.39	59.99	0.020	0.090	3.39	79.25	1.07	0.051

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