西湖凹陷中西部地区烃源岩生烃潜力及油源对比

岳上; 权永彬; 杜学斌; 蒋一鸣; 赵珂; 吴岳恒

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220617

西湖凹陷中西部地区烃源岩生烃潜力及油源对比

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220617

岳上^{1a, 1b,},
权永彬^1c, ,,
杜学斌^{1a, 1b, ,},
蒋一鸣²,
赵珂^{1b, 1c},
吴岳恒^{1a, 1b}

1a.
中国地质大学(武汉)海洋学院，武汉 430074
1b.
中国地质大学(武汉)海洋地质资源湖北省重点实验室，武汉 430074
1c.
中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院，武汉 430074
2.
中海石油中国有限公司上海分公司, 上海 200030

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42072137

国家重大科技专项 2016ZX05027-001-005

详细信息

作者简介:
岳上, E-mail: yes@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
权永彬, E-mail: quanyongbin@cug.edu.cn

杜学斌, E-mail: basindu@163.com

中图分类号: P618.130.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 303
- PDF下载量: 54
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-02
- 录用日期: 2023-02-24
- 修回日期: 2023-02-20

Hydrocarbon generation potential and oil source comparison of source rocks in the central and western regions of Xihu Depression

YUE Shang^{1a, 1b
,},
QUAN Yongbin^{1c
, ,},
DU Xuebin^{1a, 1b
, ,},
JIANG Yiming²,
ZHAO Ke^{1b, 1c},
WU Yueheng^{1a, 1b}

1a.
College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
1b.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resource, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
1c.
School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Shanghai Branch of CNOOC, Shanghai 200030, China

More Information

Author Bio:
YUE Shang, E-mail: yes@cug.edu.cn

Corresponding author: QUAN Yongbin, E-mail: quanyongbin@cug.edu.cn; DU Xuebin, E-mail: basindu@163.com

摘要

摘要:
西湖凹陷作为中国东部油气勘探主战场，一直以来都受到油气地质学家们的广泛关注。前人对西湖凹陷油气资源的研究主要集中在深部地层(平湖组及其下伏层)，而对中浅层系(花港组及其上覆层)烃源岩的关注度相对较少。近年来已有勘探发现西湖凹陷中浅层系具有规模成藏的潜力，针对西湖凹陷烃源岩开展研究，利用多项地球化学测试手段分别分析了西湖凹陷中西部地区的烃源岩生烃潜力和生物标志化合物特征。结果显示：西湖凹陷煤和炭质泥岩的生烃潜力好，而泥质烃源岩生烃潜力变化较大，深部地层的泥质烃源岩评价为好或极好烃源岩，中浅层系为差烃源岩。烃源岩有机质类型主要为Ⅱ₂~Ⅲ型，热演化阶段可划分为开始生烃阶段(R_o>0.6%)和大量排烃阶段(R_o>0.8%)。基于原油和各类烃源岩的生物标志化合物特征对比显示研究区泥质烃源岩为主要原油来源。本研究对西湖凹陷未来油气勘探与开发具有参考意义。
- 烃源岩 /
- 生烃潜力 /
- 地球化学特征 /
- 生物标志化合物 /
- 西湖凹陷
Abstract: Objective
The Xihu Depression, located in eastern China, is a significant area for oil and gas exploration. While previous studies have focused on deep strata, such as the Pinghu Formation, little research has been conducted on the middle and shallow strata, including the Huagang Formation. Recent findings suggest that these shallow and middle strata have hydrocarbon accumulation potential, but their hydrocarbon-generating capacity and the source of crude oil in the Xihu Depression remain uncertain.
Methods
To address these gaps, we collected 203 source rock samples from 13 drilling boreholes in the western slope zone and central inversion tectonic zone of the Xihu Depression. These samples spanned from the Eocene Baoshi Formation to the Miocene Longjing Formation. Geochemical tests and analysis were conducted to assess the hydrocarbon potential and biomarker characteristics of the source rocks.
Results
The results indicate that coal and carbonaceous mudstone in the Xihu Depression have excellent hydrocarbon generation potential, while the hydrocarbon generation potential of mudstone varies. Deep layer source rocks are evaluated as good or excellent sources of hydrocarbons, while the middle and shallow layers are considered poor sources. The organic matter in the source rocks mainly consists of types Ⅱ₂-Ⅲ, and the thermal evolution stage can be divided into a hydrocarbon generation stage (R_o>0.6%) and a large hydrocarbon expulsion stage (R_o>0.8%).Comparing the biomarkers of crude oil and different types of source rocks, we found that the argillaceous source rock in the study area is the primary source of crude oil.
Conclusion
This research provides valuable guidance for future oil and gas exploration in the Xihu Depression.
- source rock /
- hydrocarbon generation potential /
- geochemical feature /
- biomarker /
- Xihu Depression
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

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图 1 西湖凹陷构造单元划分(a)与地层综合柱状图(b) (据文献[6]修改)

图b中蓝底表示深部地层，黄底表示中浅层系

Figure 1. Structural units (a) and stratigraphic chart (b) of the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 西湖凹陷不同层位泥质烃源岩有机质丰度评价分布图

Figure 2. Distribution of the organic matter abundance in the muddy source rocks of different formations in the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 西湖凹陷烃源岩干酪根显微组分构成三角图

Figure 3. Microcomposition ternary diagram of the kerogen in source rocks in the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 西湖凹陷泥质烃源岩各层位干酪根显微组分构成三角图(a)及碳氢氧原子比交汇图(b) (Ⅰ~Ⅲ为干酪根类型)

Figure 4. Triangulation of maceral composition of kerogen (a) and interchange diagram of the hydrocarbon oxygen atomic ratio (b) of muddy source rocks of different formations in the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 西湖凹陷生排烃门限划分(实心为本次研究测试数据，空心为文献[17-18]数据和中海油单位提供数据)

Figure 5. Division of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion threshold in the Xihu Depression

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图 6 西湖凹陷不同类型烃源岩饱和烃总离子流(TIC)图

Figure 6. Total ion flow (TIC) diagram of saturated hydrocarbon in different source rocks in the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 西湖凹陷不同类型烃源岩饱和烃生物标志化合物交汇图

G为伽马蜡；Pr/Ph为姥鲛烷/植烷比值，指示沉积环境；Ts/Tm为三降新霍烷/三降霍烷，为成熟度指标；TOM为陆地有机质；MOM为海洋有机质；AOM为甲烷厌氧氧化作用

Figure 7. Intersection diagram of saturated hydrocarbon biomarkers in different source rocks in the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 西湖凹陷不同类型烃源岩饱和烃质量(质荷比m/z=123)色谱图

Figure 8. Chromatograms of saturated hydrocarbon mass (m/z=123) in different source rocks in the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 西湖凹陷不同类型烃源岩饱和烃质量(质荷比m/z=191，217)色谱图

Ol为奥利烷；Dia为C₂₇重柏甾烷；其余同图 7

Figure 9. Chromatograms of saturated hydrocarbon mass (m/z=191 and 217) in different source rocks in the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 西湖凹陷饱和烃生物标志化合物参数油源对比

Figure 10. Oil source comparison of saturated hydrocarbon biomarker parameters in the Xihu Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 未成熟烃源岩有机质丰度评价表(据文献[14]修改)

Table 1. Evaluation of organic matter abundance

有机质丰度	w(TOC)/%	(S₁+S₂)/(mg·g^-1)	EOM/(μg·g^-1)	HC/(μg·g^-1)
差烃源岩	[0, 0.5)	[0, 3)	[0, 500)	[0, 300)
中等烃源岩	[0.5, 1.0)	[3, 6)	[500, 1 000)	[300, 600)
好烃源岩	[1.0, 2.0]	[6, 12]	[1 000, 2 000]	[600, 1 200]
极好烃源岩	>2.0	>12	>2 000	>1 200

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 西湖凹陷烃源岩有机质丰度统计

Table 2. Statistical analysis of the abundance of organic matter in the Xihu Depression

烃源岩		w(TOC)/%	(S₁+S₂)/(mg·g^-1)	EOM/(μg·g^-1)	HC/(μg·g^-1)
煤		$\frac{48.56 \sim 65.79}{55.16(4)}$	$\frac{166.30 \sim 253.33}{211.89(4)}$	$\frac{11\;439 \sim 30\;561}{18\;674(4)}$	$\frac{3\;768 \sim 8\;710}{5\;795(4)}$
炭质泥岩		$\frac{6.55 \sim 31.69}{13.00(14)}$	$\frac{18.01 \sim 99.36}{43.31(14)}$	$\frac{181 \sim 1\;9330}{5\;301(4)}$	$\frac{81 \sim 8\;203}{2\;348(14)}$
泥岩		$\frac{0.12 \sim 5.59}{1.27(185)}$	$\frac{0.10 \sim 21.11}{1.65(179)} $	$\frac{46 \sim 6\;240}{801(80)}$	$\frac{14 \sim 2\;884}{374(80)}$
泥质烃源岩	龙井组	$\frac{0.35 \sim 2.35}{0.74(14)}$	$\frac{0.23 \sim 3.14}{1.07(14)}$	$\frac{118 \sim 704}{346(13)}$	$\frac{41 \sim 372}{170(13)}$
	花港组	$\frac{0.13 \sim 2.79}{0.59(57)}$	$\frac{0.10 \sim 4.85}{0.98(53)}$	$\frac{60 \sim 3\;131}{492(33)}$	$\frac{44 \sim 919}{234(33)}$
	平湖组	$\frac{0.12 \sim 5.59}{1.52(91)}$	$\frac{0.20 \sim 21.11}{3.25(89)} $	$\frac{46 \sim 19\;930}{2\;662(38)}$	$\frac{14 \sim 8\;203}{1\;294(38)}$
	宝石组	$\frac{0.32 \sim 5.43}{2.28(23)}$	$\frac{0.58 \sim 16.57}{4.78(23)}$	$\frac{324 \sim 2\;638}{1\;294(6)}$	$\frac{62 \sim 890}{286(6)}$
注：横线上方表示最小值与最大值; 下方为平均值，括号内为样品数

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 西湖凹陷3类烃源岩典型生物标志化合物特征

Table 3. Biomarker characteristics of three main types of source rocks in the Xihu Depression

	陆源输入	低等藻类	细菌改造	盐度分层	氧化还原
煤	高C₁₉/C₂₃	低C₂₇/C₂₉	低S/H高补身烷/升补身烷	低Gam/C₃₀H	高Pr/Ph
	高CPI	高TAR			高Pr/nC₁₇
	高二萜化合物	低C₁₇/C₃₁			低Ts/Tm
炭质泥岩	中C₁₉/C₂₃	中C₂₇/C₂₉	中S/H中补身烷/升补身烷	低Gam/C₃₀H	中Pr/Ph
	中CPI	低TAR			中Pr/nC₁₇
	中二萜化合物	中C₁₇/C₃₁			中Ts/Tm
泥岩	低C₁₉/C₂₃	高C₂₇/C₂₉	高S/H低补身烷/升补身烷	高Gam/C₃₀H	低Pr/Ph
	低CPI	中TAR			低Pr/nC₁₇
	低二萜化合物	高C₁₇/C₃₁			高Ts/Tm

下载: 导出CSV

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