致密砂岩储层孔隙结构特征对可动流体赋存的影响: 以鄂尔多斯盆地庆城地区长7段为例

石桓山; 胡望水; 李涛; 李亦博; 卢丹阳; 刘国文

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220660

致密砂岩储层孔隙结构特征对可动流体赋存的影响: 以鄂尔多斯盆地庆城地区长7段为例

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220660

石桓山^{1a, 1b,},
胡望水^{1a, 1b},
李涛^{1a, 1b, ,},
李亦博³,
卢丹阳²,
刘国文^{1a, 1b}

1a.
长江大学地球科学学院, 武汉 430199
1b.
长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430199
2.
中国石化河南油田石油工程技术研究院, 河南南阳 473000
3.
郑州大学, 郑州 450001

详细信息

作者简介:
石桓山, E-mail: 13288014@qq.com

通讯作者:
李涛, E-mail: ltm817@163.com

中图分类号: P618.130.2⁺1
计量
- 文章访问数: 378
- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-27
- 录用日期: 2023-01-09
- 修回日期: 2022-12-22

Pore throat structure characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs and their influence on movable fluid occurrence: Taking the Chang-7 Member of Qingcheng area of Ordos Basin as an example

SHI Huanshan^{1a, 1b
,},
HU Wangshui^{1a, 1b},
LI Tao^{1a, 1b
, ,},
LI Yibo³,
LU Danyang²,
LIU Guowen^{1a, 1b}

1a.
College of Earth Science, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430199, China
1b.
Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430199, China
2.
Henan Oilfield Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute, SINOPEC, Nanyang Henan 473000, China
3.
Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

More Information

Author Bio:
SHI Huanshan, E-mail: 13288014@qq.com

Corresponding author: LI Tao, E-mail: ltm817@163.com

摘要

摘要:
分析孔隙结构和可动流体分布特征是储层研究的关键要素，也是当前研究的重点与热点，对致密砂岩油气勘探及提高油气采收率具有重要意义。以鄂尔多斯盆地庆城地区长7段致密砂岩储层为例，通过物性测试、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、高压压汞和核磁共振实验，结合分形理论，分析了致密砂岩储层孔隙结构、非均质性和可动流体分布特征，讨论了孔喉结构和非均质性对可动流体赋存的影响。结果表明：研究区长7段储层储集空间主要由微纳米级孔隙贡献，孔隙连通性较差，孔喉半径主要分布在0.050~0.500 μm；孔喉结构非均质性较强，分形维数分布在2.65~2.90；流体可动性较差，可动流体饱和度分布在16.68%~51.74%，可动流体多分布在中孔和小孔内。研究区长7段储层可分为3类：从Ⅰ类到Ⅲ类储层，剩余粒间孔和粒间溶蚀孔发育变少，孔隙连通性变差，孔喉尺寸变小，较大孔喉变少，非均质性变强，流体可动性变差，中孔和大孔内可动流体含量趋于降低, 可动流体倾向于在小孔内赋存。研究成果为致密砂岩油气勘探及油气采收率提高提供了理论依据。
- 长7段 /
- 致密砂岩储层 /
- 孔喉结构 /
- 非均质性 /
- 可动流体饱和度 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: Objective
The analysis of pore structure and movable fluid distribution characteristics is the key element of reservoir research and is also the focus and hotspot of current research. It is of great significance for exploring tight sandstone oil and gas and improving oil and gas recovery.
Methods
The Chang-7 Member tight sandstone reservoir in the Qingcheng area of Ordos Basin was selected as the research object in this paper. Combined with fractal theory, through physical property tests, casting thin section, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-pressure mercury injection, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, the pore throat structure, heterogeneity, and movable fluid distribution characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs were analysed, and the influence of the pore throat structure and heterogeneity on movable fluid occurrence was discussed.
Results
The results show that the reservoir space of the Chang-7 Member reservoir in the study area is mainly contributed by micro-nanopores, which have poor pore connectivity. The pore throat radius is mainly 0.050-0.500 μm. The heterogeneity of the pore throat structure is strong, and the fractal dimension distribution is between 2.65 and 2.90. The fluid mobility is poor, and the movable fluid saturation is distributed between 16.68 % and 51.74 %, the movable fluid is mostly distributed in medium and small pores. The Chang-7 Member reservoirs in the study area can be divided into three types. From the type Ⅰ reservoir to the type Ⅲ reservoir, the development of residual intergranular pores and intergranular dissolution pores decreases, and the pore connectivity becomes poorer, and the pore throat size decreases, and the content of larger pore throats decreases, and the heterogeneity becomes stronger, and the fluid mobility is worse, and the movable fluid content in the medium and large pores tends to decrease, and movable fluid tends to occur in the small pores.
Conclusion
This study provides a theoretical basis for tight sandstone oil and gas exploration and improving oil and gas recovery.
- Chang-7 Member /
- tight sandstone reservoir /
- pore throat structure /
- heterogeneity /
- movable fluid saturation /
- Ordos Basin
注释:

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

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图 1 研究区构造位置平面分布图(a)及延长组地层综合柱状图(b)

Figure 1. Plane distribution map of structural position in the study area (a) and comprehensive histogram of the Yanchang Formation (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 研究区长7段砂岩储层孔隙类型及微观特征

a.Z283井, 1 820.42 m, 粒内溶蚀孔、粒间溶蚀孔和片状喉道，铸体薄片，单偏光; b.N86井, 1 723.74 m, 粒间溶蚀孔、粒内溶蚀孔、剩余粒间孔和弯片状喉道，铸体薄片，单偏光; c: Z193井, 1 755.73 m, 粒间溶蚀孔和粒内溶蚀孔，铸体薄片，单偏光; d.Z283井, 1 823.73 m, 微裂缝，铸体薄片，单偏光; e.Z193井, 1 763.28 m, 晶间微孔和剩余粒间孔，扫描电镜照片; f.T40井, 1 689.13 m, 晶间孔和管束状喉道，扫描电镜照片

Figure 2. Pore types and microscopic characteristics of sandstone reservoir of the Chang-7 Memeber in the study area

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图 3 研究区长7段砂岩压汞曲线特征(a)和孔喉半径分布特征(b)

Figure 3. Mercury injection curve characteristics (a) and pore throat radius distribution characteristics (b) of the Chang-7 Member sandstone in the study area

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图 4 研究区长7段典型样品分形维数计算曲线

Figure 4. Fractal dimension calculation curve of the Chang-7 Member typical samples in the study area

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图 5 研究区长7段典型样品可动流体分布图

Figure 5. Movable fluid distribution of the Chang-7 Member typical samples in the study area

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图 6 孔隙类型参数与可动流体饱和度(a)及可动流体分布参数(b, c)关系

Figure 6. Relationship between pore type parameters and movable fluid saturation (a) and movable fluid distribution parameters (b, c)

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图 7 孔喉结构参数与可动流体饱和度(a)及可动流体分布参数(b, c)关系图

Figure 7. Relationship between pore throat structure parameters and saturation of movable fluid (a) and movable fluid distribution parameters (b, c)

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图 8 孔喉大小分布参数与可动流体饱和度(a, b)及可动流体分布参数(c, d)关系

Figure 8. Relationship between pore throat size distribution parameter and movable fluid saturation (a, b) and movable fluid distribution parameters (c, d)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 可动流体饱和度(a)及可动流体分布参数(b)与分形维数关系图

Figure 9. Relationship between saturation of movable fluid (a) and movable fluid distribution parameters (b) and fractal dimension

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 研究区各实验样品基本信息

Table 1. Basic information on testing samples in the study area

编号	井名	埋深/m	空气渗透率/10^-3 μm²	孔隙度/%	岩性
#1	Z193	1 755.73	0.069 8	8.02	灰色粉砂岩
#2	Z193	1 763.28	0.120 1	9.38	浅灰色细砂岩
#3	Z193	1 778.45	0.017 3	7.04	浅灰色粉砂岩
#4	Z193	1 770.59	0.007 9	4.31	灰色粉砂岩
#5	Z283	1 820.42	0.130 0	10.59	浅灰色细砂岩
#6	Z283	1 822.57	0.100 5	10.12	浅灰色细砂岩
#7	Z283	1 823.73	0.123 0	11.91	浅灰色细砂岩
#8	N86	1 715.69	0.055 4	7.58	浅灰色粉砂岩
#9	N86	1 719.38	0.027 9	7.05	灰色粉砂岩
#10	N86	1 723.74	0.113 6	11.79	浅灰色细砂岩
#11	N86	1 724.82	0.018 7	4.69	浅灰色粉砂岩
#12	T40	1 685.74	0.011 2	4.12	灰色粉砂岩
#13	T40	1 688.69	0.007 3	3.90	灰色粉砂岩
#14	T40	1 689.13	0.008 9	4.21	灰色粉砂岩
#15	T40	1 691.69	0.009 8	4.06	浅灰色粉砂岩

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 研究区各长7段测试分析样品孔喉结构参数及主要孔隙类型的面孔率

Table 2. Pore throat structure parameters and face rate of main pore types of the Chang-7 Member testing samples in the study area

编号	最大孔喉半径/μm	平均孔喉半径/μm	孔喉半径中值/μm	最大汞饱和度/%	排驱压力/MPa	分选系数	歪度	占比/%(半径≥0.1 μm)	占比/%(半径＜0.1 μm)	主要孔隙类型的面孔率/%			储层类型
编号	最大孔喉半径/μm	平均孔喉半径/μm	孔喉半径中值/μm	最大汞饱和度/%	排驱压力/MPa	分选系数	歪度	占比/%(半径≥0.1 μm)	占比/%(半径＜0.1 μm)	剩余粒间孔	粒间溶蚀孔	粒内溶蚀孔	储层类型
#1	0.263	0.079	0.039	61.35	2.79	1.40	0.39	11.62	88.38	1.0	0.5	0.5	Ⅱ
#2	0.265	0.059	0.021	67.05	2.78	1.52	0.20	22.56	77.44	0.5	1.0	1.0	Ⅰ
#3	0.267	0.077	0.033	61.76	2.76	1.59	0.23	42.92	57.08	0.0	0.0	0.0	Ⅱ
#4	0.133	0.045	0.021	57.14	5.54	1.60	-0.05	7.08	92.92	0.0	0.0	0.5	Ⅱ
#5	0.359	0.098	0.035	68.68	2.05	2.50	-0.01	47.55	52.45	1.5	2.0	1.0	Ⅰ
#6	0.554	0.169	0.074	67.03	1.33	1.61	0.49	68.09	31.91	2.0	2.0	0.5	Ⅰ
#7	1.112	0.197	0.096	69.02	0.66	1.68	0.46	66.77	33.23	2.5	1.5	0.25	Ⅰ
#8	0.183	0.057	0.028	61.79	4.02	1.52	0.13	23.97	76.03	0.0	0.0	0.5	Ⅱ
#9	0.251	0.073	0.025	60.75	2.93	2.43	-0.02	39.00	61.00	0.5	0.0	0.0	Ⅱ
#10	0.186	0.058	0.040	72.41	3.95	1.49	0.06	22.86	77.14	1.5	1.0	0.5	Ⅰ
#11	0.096	0.030	0.011	52.61	7.66	3.03	-0.59	0.00	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	Ⅱ
#12	0.094	0.023	0.008	51.64	7.82	2.29	-0.41	0.00	100	0.0	0.0	0.5	Ⅱ
#13	0.075	0.019	/	34.75	9.80	2.57	-0.54	0.00	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	Ⅲ
#14	0.057	0.018	/	34.90	13.00	3.98	-0.73	0.00	100	0.0	0.0	0.5	Ⅲ
#15	0.098	0.017	/	40.07	7.50	2.56	-0.42	0.00	100	0.0	0.0	0.0	Ⅲ

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 研究区各长7段测试样品分形维数及相关系数

Table 3. Fractal dimension and correlation coefficient of the Chang-7 Member testing samples in the study area

样品编号	#1	#2	#3	#4	#5	#6	#7	#8
分形维数	2.789 8	2.719 5	2.792 9	2.868 6	2.708 9	2.713 7	2.779 7	2.707 3
R²	0.871 4	0.994 5	0.922 6	0.960 1	0.988 1	0.916 6	0.936 2	0.962 2
储层类型	Ⅱ	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅱ	Ⅰ	Ⅰ	Ⅰ	Ⅱ

样品编号	#9	#10	#11	#12	#13	#14	#15
分形维数	2.743 9	2.686 9	2.728 1	2.780 5	2.930 4	2.817 9	2.834 9
R²	0.973 0	0.986 6	0.985 5	0.982 5	0.948 2	0.980 7	0.980 3
储层类型	Ⅱ	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅲ	Ⅲ

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 研究区长7段实验样品可动流体分布参数

Table 4. Movable fluid distribution parameters of the Chang-7 Member testing samples in the study area

编号	储层类型	可动流体饱和度/%	可动流体分布体积分数/%
编号	储层类型	可动流体饱和度/%	微孔(T₂≤1 ms)	小孔(1 ms＜T₂≤10 ms)	中孔(10 ms＜T₂≤100 ms)	大孔(100 ms＜T₂≤1 000 ms)	微裂缝(T₂＞1 000 ms)
#1	Ⅱ	43.46	1.86	46.85	47.65	3.64	0.00
#2	Ⅰ	45.86	0.00	35.43	60.23	4.34	0.00
#3	Ⅱ	39.26	0.45	47.94	50.37	1.24	0.00
#4	Ⅱ	32.76	0.79	64.89	34.32	0.00	0.00
#5	Ⅰ	49.08	0.00	6.15	63.17	30.68	0.00
#6	Ⅰ	51.74	0.00	7.76	60.97	31.27	0.00
#7	Ⅰ	49.39	0.00	3.51	56.69	39.81	0.00
#8	Ⅱ	38.95	2.44	22.41	44.69	30.46	0.00
#9	Ⅱ	39.79	0.00	34.12	59.46	6.26	0.15
#10	Ⅰ	40.06	1.39	0.96	83.23	14.42	0.00
#11	Ⅱ	41.57	13.43	61.97	21.79	2.82	0.00
#12	Ⅱ	30.73	7.17	53.72	36.03	2.85	0.06
#13	Ⅲ	16.68	0.00	90.09	3.16	6.75	0.00
#14	Ⅲ	32.78	3.29	49.55	34.39	12.77	0.00
#15	Ⅲ	28.51	43.21	16.42	29.28	10.30	0.03

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