基于统计均质区方法的裂隙几何及渗流特性评价

李露露; 李牧阳; 周志超; 张秋兰; 崔亚莉; 邵景力

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220677

基于统计均质区方法的裂隙几何及渗流特性评价

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20220677

1.
中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院, 北京 100083
2.
核工业北京地质研究院, 北京 100029

基金项目:

核设施退役及放射性废物治理专项项目科工二司〔2017〕1405号

详细信息

作者简介:
李露露(1994—)，女，现正攻读水利工程专业博士学位，主要从事核素迁移数值模拟研究工作。E-mail：lululi_7992@163.com

通讯作者:
邵景力(1959—)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事水文学及水资源专业的教学和科研工作。E-mail：jshao@cugb.edu.cn

中图分类号: TL942⁺.211
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- 文章访问数: 629
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-05
- 录用日期: 2023-04-13
- 修回日期: 2023-04-12

Assessment of fractures geometries and seepage characteristics based on statistical homogeneous zone method

1.
School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要:
综合分析岩体裂隙几何特征及渗流特性是高放废物处置库场址适宜性评价中关键内容之一。利用北山预选区新场地段中部BS32、BS36和BS39钻孔试验及其周围的裂隙现场调查结果, 以裂隙产状及线密度为指标对钻孔进行定量均质区划分, 并辅以渗透张量理论得到钻孔裂隙岩体渗透性大小及渗透主方向。研究结果表明: 新场地段URL(地下实验室)场址区发育4组优势裂隙, 其产状分别为279°∠79°, 98°∠76°, 227°∠79°和36°∠76°, 尤以EW向和NNE向最发育。节理裂隙以陡倾角(>60°)的剪节理为主, 同时伴有少量张节理, 裂隙倾向、倾角呈正态分布特征。与现场水力试验结果相比较, 钻孔整体综合渗透系数处于10^-13~10^-9 m/s数量级范围, 主渗透方向主要是NNE向、近EW向及SE向, NNE向及近EW向为裂隙岩体优势渗流通道, 其渗透张量主值较大。位于新场地段2条近EW向的F₆, F₇断裂以及与其配套的NNE-EW向次级断裂对新场地段裂隙发育起到宏观控制作用。裂隙岩体渗透性大小主要受裂隙间距和隙宽影响。研究结果可为北山预选区新场地段处置库建设及处置库中核素迁移等工程数值模拟提供必要的数据支撑。
- 高放废物 /
- 地质处置 /
- 节理裂隙评价 /
- 均质区 /
- 渗透张量
Abstract: Objective
Comprehensive analysis of fracture geometries and seepage characteristics is one of the prominent components in site suitability assessment of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal repositories.
Methods
To provide a sufficient basis for the construction of the Xinchang underground research laboratory (URL) site in the Beishan preselected area of the HLW disposal repository in China, this paper analyzed the development and distribution of fractures and the seepage characteristics in fractured granite. Based on the borehole tests of BS32, BS36 and BS39 carried out in the middle of the Xinchang site and the field investigation of the surrounding fractures, the orientations and linear density of fractures were used to quantitatively classify the homogeneous zones of the BS32, BS36 and BS39 boreholes. Supplemented by the theory of the hydraulic conductivity tensor, the hydraulic conductivities of fractured rock and the principal directions of fluid seepage in fractured rock with different burial depths were obtained.
Results
The results show that four groups of dominant fractures are developed around BS32, BS36 and BS39 at the Xinchang URL site, with orientations of 279°∠79°, 98°∠76°, 227°∠79° and 36°∠76°, which are especially dominant in the EW and NNE directions. The fractures are mainly shear-stress formed with steep dips (>60°), accompanied by a few tensile fractures, and the fractures are normally distributed. Compared with the field hydraulic test results, the overall comprehensive hydraulic conductivities of the boreholes are in the range of 10^-13-10^-9 m/s. The main seepage directions are NNE, nearly EW and SE, where NNE and nearly EW are the dominant seepage channels of the fractured rock mass, with larger main permeability tensor values. Two nearly E-W-trending F₆ and F₇ faults and their corresponding NNE-E-trending secondary faults play a macrocontrolling role in fracture development at the Xinchang site. The permeability of fractured rock is mainly affected by the fracture spacing and aperture, demonstrating a great anisotropy.
Conclusion
The results can provide necessary data support for the construction of disposal repositories and the numerical simulation of nuclide migration at the Xinchang URL site. In addition, the presented research idea could provide an alternative and practical method for effectively studying the properties of deep fractured rock masses with deep geological disposal of HLW.
- high-level radioactive waste /
- geological disposal /
- assessment of fracture /
- homogeneous zone /
- hydraulic conductivity tensor
注释:

(所有作者声明不存在利益冲突)

HTML全文

图 1 研究区概况(据文献[25]修改)

a. 北山预选区；b. 新场地段遥感影像图；c. 新场岩体附近区域地质简图。O₁x.新场单元二长花岗岩；Pt₂²h.红柳井单元片麻状花岗闪长岩；Chxs.咸水井群变质中基性火山岩；AnChDyj².敦煌群鱼脊山组变质岩；AnChDyj³.敦煌群鱼脊山组黑云母片岩

Figure 1. Overview of the study area

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图 2 露头上裂隙发育形态

Figure 2. Typical morphology of fractures outcrops

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图 3 BS32、BS36和BS39钻孔周围节理玫瑰花图和节理极点等密度图

Figure 3. Dip rose diagram of joints and equidensite diagram of polar point around BS32, BS36 and BS39 boreholes

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图 4 279°∠79°优势组裂隙产状直方图和拟合曲线

Figure 4. Histogram and fitting curve of occurrence for optional set 279°∠79°

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图 5 BS36钻孔裂隙线密度随深度变化示意图

Figure 5. Frequency of fractures exposed by the BS36 borehole varies with depth

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图 6 钻孔结构均质区划分结果

Figure 6. Results of the division of structural homogeneity in boreholes

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图 7 BS32、BS36和BS39钻孔综合渗透系数与现场水力试验数据对比

Figure 7. Comparison between the comprehensive hydraulic conductivities and the in-situ hydraulic tests data of the BS32, BS36 and BS39 boreholes

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表 1 优势组裂隙产状拟合参数

Table 1. Fitting parameters of fractures occurrence in the dominant group

优势组裂隙编号	优势产状		倾向φ拟合参数		倾角θ拟合参数
优势组裂隙编号	φ/(°)	θ/(°)	σ_φ	δ_φ	σ_θ	δ_θ
1	279	79	6.56	280.87	3.60	80.09
2	98	76	8.31	100.06	8.62	77.65
3	227	79	4.54	229.58	7.39	77.83
4	36	76	6.28	38.11	2.79	75.80

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表 2 BS36钻孔34格等面积块网γ值

Table 2. Value γ of 34 equal area block network in the BS36 borehole

区间	最大值	最小值	均值	数值排序
[40,160)与[160,230)	0.929	0.813	0.869	1
[160,230)与[230,300)	0.801	0.694	0.754	3
[230,300)与[300,400)	0.694	0.540	0.629	4
[300,400)与[400,470)	0.371	0.237	0.315	5
[400,470)与[470,500]	0.852	0.656	0.779	2

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表 3 BS32钻孔不同均质区优势组裂隙特征

Table 3. Characteristics of dominant fracture groups in different homogeneous zones of the BS32 borehole

深度/m	优势组裂隙编号	优势产状		裂隙条数/条	间距/m	隙宽/mm
深度/m	优势组裂隙编号	φ/(°)	θ/(°)	裂隙条数/条	间距/m	隙宽/mm
[20,90]	1	48	77	6	11.67	0.77
	2	163	69	6	11.67	0.36
	3	211	77	4	17.50	0.44
[150,220]	1	307	64	5	14.00	0.58
[150,220]	2	165	36	6	11.67	1.03
[270,380]	1	317	68	4	27.50	0.02
[270,380]	2	150	49	3	36.67	0.02
[410,470]	1	200	44	2	30.00	0.02
	2	306	72	1	60.00	0.02
	3	54	25	1	60.00	0.02
[500,600]	1	200	75	1	100.00	0.10

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表 4 BS32钻孔各均质区渗透系数

Table 4. Hydraulic conductivities of homogeneous zones in the BS32 borehole

深度/m	渗透系数张量/(m·s^-1)	渗透张量主值/(m·s^-1)	主渗透方向		综合渗透系数/(m·s^-1)
深度/m	渗透系数张量/(m·s^-1)	渗透张量主值/(m·s^-1)	倾向φ/(°)	倾角θ/(°)	综合渗透系数/(m·s^-1)
[20,90]	$ \left(\begin{array}{ccc} 2.99 \times 10^{-11} & -1.97 \times 10^{-11} & 2.86 \times 10^{-12} \\ -1.97 \times 10^{-11} & 4.55 \times 10^{-11} & -6.30 \times 10^{-12} \\ 2.86 \times 10^{-12} & -6.30 \times 10^{-12} & 6.55 \times 10^{-11} \end{array}\right)$	1.65×10^-11	120.73	16.41	3.98×10^-11
		5.46×10^-11	219.24	26.68
		6.98×10^-11	2.65	57.96
[150,220]	$\left(\begin{array}{lll} 5.19 \times 10^{-11} & 1.38 \times 10^{-11} & 1.79 \times 10^{-11} \\ 1.38 \times 10^{-11} & 6.19 \times 10^{-11} & 1.27 \times 10^{-12} \\ 1.79 \times 10^{-11} & 1.27 \times 10^{-12} & 3.73 \times 10^{-11} \end{array}\right) $	2.40×10^-11	137.44	28.42	4.54×10^-11
		7.55×10^-11	15.50	44.49
		5.16×10^-11	247.38	32.10
[270,380]	$\left(\begin{array}{lll} 4.09 \times 10^{-13} & 2.59 \times 10^{-13} & 2.85 \times 10^{-14} \\ 2.59 \times 10^{-13} & 5.25 \times 10^{-13} & 2.16 \times 10^{-14} \\ 2.85 \times 10^{-14} & 2.16 \times 10^{-14} & 5.43 \times 10^{-13} \end{array}\right) $	2.01×10^-13	83.49	38.15	4.31×10^-13
		5.37×10^-13	283.73	50.07
		7.39×10^-13	358.50	10.06
[410,470]	$\left(\begin{array}{lll} 5.47 \times 10^{-13} & 4.27 \times 10^{-15} & 1.02 \times 10^{-13} \\ 4.27 \times 10^{-15} & 6.11 \times 10^{-13} & 5.83 \times 10^{-14} \\ 1.02 \times 10^{-13} & 5.83 \times 10^{-14} & 3.90 \times 10^{-13} \end{array}\right) $	3.31×10^-13	332.27	26.45	4.96×10^-13
		5.77×10^-13	342.03	54.54
		6.40×10^-13	73.76	21.82
[500,600]	$ \left(\begin{array}{ccc} 2.04 \times 10^{-14} & -3.48 \times 10^{-14} & 2.73 \times 10^{-14} \\ -3.48 \times 10^{-14} & 1.03 \times 10^{-13} & 9.93 \times 10^{-15} \\ 2.73 \times 10^{-14} & 9.93 \times 10^{-15} & 1.08 \times 10^{-13} \end{array}\right)$	-1.18×10^-15	285.62	19.62	2.52×10^-14
		1.17×10^-13	19.75	11.41
		1.16×10^-13	138.25	67.07

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