川东红星地区吴家坪组富有机质页岩特征与发育控制因素

王必金; 包汉勇; 刘皓天; 张莉; 赵帅

doi:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230149

川东红星地区吴家坪组富有机质页岩特征与发育控制因素

doi: 10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20230149

王必金^1,,
包汉勇²,
刘皓天²,
张莉^2, ,,
赵帅²

1.
中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司，湖北潜江 433124
2.
中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院，武汉 430074

基金项目:

中国石油化工股份有限公司科研项目"川东地区重点层系页岩气成藏条件与评价技术研究" P23077

详细信息

作者简介:
王必金(1968—)，男，教授级高级工程师，主要从事油气勘探开发工作。E-mail: wangbj.jhyt@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
张莉(1987—)，女，副研究员，主要从事油气地质研究工作。E-mail: zhangl359.jhyt@sinopec.com

中图分类号: P618.12
计量
- 文章访问数: 715
- PDF下载量: 135
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-21
- 录用日期: 2023-04-28
- 修回日期: 2023-03-27

Characteristics and controlling factors of the organic-rich shale in the Wujiaping Formation of the Hongxing area, eastern Sichuan Basin

1.
SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Company, Qianjing Hubei 433124, China
2.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Company, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要:
川东红星地区上二叠统吴家坪组海相富有机质页岩是四川盆地页岩气勘探的重要接替领域，目前已取得勘探突破，但如何实现规模增储、效益开发亟待攻关。基于岩石学、地球化学和含气性等测试分析资料研究了川东红星地区吴家坪组页岩源、储品质特征，探讨了优质储层发育控制因素。结果表明：吴家坪组页岩有机质类型较好，以Ⅱ₁型干酪根为主，具有高TOC含量、高碳酸盐含量和高含气量的特征。页岩w(TOC)普遍介于1%~11%之间，均值6.89%；岩性以硅质页岩和混合页岩为主，其次为灰质页岩，整体脆性矿物含量较高；储层有机质孔发育且物性较好，孔隙度普遍介于2%~5%之间，均值3.1%。研究区富有机质页岩的分布明显受沉积环境的控制，火山活动、古气候以及古生产力共同影响了页岩中有机质的富集与分布。
- 富有机质页岩 /
- 控制因素 /
- 吴家坪组 /
- 红星地区 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: Objective
The organic-rich shale of the Upper Permian Wujiaping Formation in the Hongxing area of eastern Sichuan is an important replacement area for shale gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin, and the exploration breakthroughs have been made. But how to achieve large-scale storage increase and efficient development needs to be tackled.
Methods
This paper investigates the source and reservoir quality characteristics of the shale of the Wujiaping Formation in the Hongxing area of eastern Sichuan based on lithological, geochemical and gas-bearing test and analysis data and discusses the factors controlling the development of high-quality reservoirs.
Results
The results show that the shale of the Wujiaping Formation has a good organic matter type, dominated by type Ⅱ₁ kerogen, with high TOC content, high carbonate content and high gas content. The shale TOC content generally ranges from 1% to 11%, with an average value of 6.89%; the lithology is mainly siliceous shale and mixed shale, followed by calcareous shale, and the overall brittle mineral content is high; the reservoir organic matter pores are developed and have good physical properties, and the porosity generally ranges from 2% to 5%, with an average value of 3.1%. Comprehensive analysis shows that the high-quality reservoir of the Wujiaping Formation is strictly controlled by the depositional environment. The reservoir pore type is dominated by organic pores.
Conclusion
Under the control of this depositional model, sea level rise and fall, volcanic activity and palaeoclimate have jointly controlled the inhomogeneity and high-quality shale reservior distribution.
- organic-rich shale /
- control factor /
- Wujiaping Formation /
- Hongxing area /
- Sichuan Basin
注释:

(所有作者声明不存在利益冲突)

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图 1 川东地区构造图(a)和二叠系综合柱状图(b)(据文献[24]修改)

Figure 1. Tectonic map (a) and comprehensive Permian column map (b) of eastern Sichuan

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图 2 红星地区吴二段页岩总有机碳分布直方图(A)和各小层总有机碳分布范围箱状图(B)

Figure 2. Histogram of the distribution of total organic carbon content (A) and box plot of the distribution range of total organic carbon content in each small layer (B) of the Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

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图 3 红星地区吴二段页岩各小层矿物组分质量分数分布箱状图

Figure 3. Distribution of mineral fractions in each small layer of the Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

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图 4 红星地区吴二段页岩与焦页1井五峰组-龙马溪组页岩矿物组分三角图(划分方案据文献[31])

S.硅质页岩; S-1.含灰硅质页岩; S-2.混合硅质页岩; S-3.含黏土硅质页岩; C.灰质页岩; C-1.含硅灰质页岩; C-2.混合灰质页岩; C-3.含黏土灰质页岩; CM.黏土质页岩; CM-1.含硅黏土质页岩; CM-2.混合黏土质页岩; CM-3.含灰黏土质页岩; M.混合质页岩; M-1.含灰/硅混合质页岩; M-2.含黏土/硅混合质页岩; M-3.含黏土/灰混合质页岩

Figure 4. Triangular diagram of mineral fractions of the shales of the Wu Ⅱ section of the Hongxing area and the shales of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation of the Jiaoye 1 well

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图 5 红星地区吴二段页岩各小层孔隙度分布直方图

Figure 5. Histogram of the porosity distribution of each small layer of the Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

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图 6 红星地区吴二段页岩氩离子抛光扫描电镜照片

a.吴二段①小层，含黏土硅质页岩，团块状和絮状有机质，可见团块状有机质内部包裹泥粒级矿物质，有机质内有机质孔较发育，部分相互连通，孔径多在50~198 nm间；b.吴二段③小层，混合质页岩，团块状有机质内包裹黏土等矿物，有机质孔较发育，孔径多在63~175 nm间；c.吴二段③小层，混合质页岩，有机质内有机质孔较发育，贴粒缝、粒内孔少量；d.吴二段④小层，含黏土硅质页岩，局部见块状有机质内有机质孔零星分布，多为圆形；e.吴二段④小层，硅质页岩，黄铁矿晶粒间充填有机质内有机质孔较发育，部分相互连通，孔径多在63~225 nm间；f.吴二段④小层，含灰/硅混合质页岩，可见黏土矿物间分布有机质，有机孔质较发育，孔径多在79~196 nm间；g.吴二段④小层，黏土质页岩，黄铁矿晶间孔少量，孔径多在106~189 nm间；h.吴二段⑤小层，混合硅质页岩，方解石粒内溶孔，孔径大小不一，部分大孔孔径大于1 μm；i.吴二段④小层，混合硅质页岩，颗粒边缘可见贴粒缝，有机质内部有机质孔较发育

Figure 6. Scanning electron microscope photo of argon ion polishing of the Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

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图 7 红星地区吴二段页岩孔径分布曲线(a)及孔隙体积占比直方图(b)

Figure 7. Pore size distribution curve (a) and pore volume share histogram (b) of the Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

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图 8 红星地区吴二段页岩中凝灰岩发育分布照片

a.③小层，两条薄层凝灰岩条带，厚度分别为1 mm和3 mm，凝灰岩条带中可见极细小黄铁矿呈散点状顺层分布；b.③小层，两条薄层凝灰岩条带，厚度分别为1 mm和3 mm，凝灰岩条带中可见黄铁矿呈条带状顺层分布；c.④小层，薄层凝灰岩条带中见极细小黄铁矿呈散点状顺层分布；d.④小层，两条薄层凝灰岩条带，厚度1 mm左右，薄层凝灰岩条带中见极细小黄铁矿呈散点状顺层分布

Figure 8. Photographs showing the distribution of the Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

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图 9 红星地区二叠系吴二段页岩沉积环境判识图

Figure 9. Sedimentary environment diagnosis map of the Permian Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

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图 10 红星地区典型井吴二段古环境判别指标变化图

Figure 10. Variation in palaeoenvironmental discriminatory indicators in the Wu Ⅱ section of a typical well in the Hongxing area

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图 11 红星地区吴二段Mo-w(TOC)关系与现代厌氧海盆的对比图

Figure 11. Comparison of the Mo-TOC relationship between the Wu Ⅱ section of the Hongxing area and the modern anoxic environment

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图 12 红星地区吴二段页岩Mo-U协变图(SW.正常海水)

Figure 12. Mo-U covariation for the Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

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表 1 红星地区吴二段页岩含气量与含气饱和度统计

Table 1. Statistics of gas content and gas saturation of the Wu Ⅱ section shale in the Hongxing area

层位	含气量/(m³·t^-1)			含气饱和度/%			气测全烃φ_B/%			气测甲烷φ_B/%
层位	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值
⑤小层	0.76	5.81	2.73	41.11	84.70	67.83	0.81	14.31	6.70	0.77	13.40	5.51
④小层	1.71	6.61	3.72	35.86	90.32	75.97	4.17	23.25	10.12	3.96	22.72	9.26
③小层	0.50	10.90	4.89	15.61	85.11	69.91	3.49	16.13	9.87	3.24	15.79	8.90
②小层	0.11	1.39	0.38	33.90	73.80	51.03	0.83	16.23	7.66	0.68	15.76	7.05
①小层	0.56	6.33	3.35	29.08	80.43	63.04	1.75	15.88	7.33	1.59	14.74	6.51

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表 2 红星地区吴二段各井凝灰岩层厚度统计

Table 2. Thickness statistics of the tuff layer in the well of the Wu Ⅱ section in the Hongxing area

层位	A井					B井					C井					D井
	层数	厚度/mm				层数	厚度/mm				层数	厚度/mm				层数	厚度/mm
	层数	最小	最大	均值	总厚	层数	最小	最大	均值	总厚	层数	最小	最大	均值	总厚	层数	最小	最大	均值	总厚
⑤小层	3	0.5	1	0.8	2.4	3	1	2	1.3	3.9	3	1	2	1.7	5.0	3	1	2.3	1.8	5.4
④小层	5	1.0	7	2.8	14.0	5	1	3	2.0	10.0	5	2	8	3.2	16.0	5	1	6.0	3.5	17.5
③小层	30	2.0	7	3.5	105.0	31	2	10	4.9	151.9	31	1	7	3.0	94.0	30	1	15.0	3.9	117.0
①小层	2	1.0	2	1.5	3.0	2	5	7	6.0	12.0	2	2	3	2.5	5.0	2	2	8.0	5.0	10.0
合计	40				124.4	41				177.8	41				119.1	40				149.9

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